Sequestration of radioactive iodine in silver-palladium phases in commercial spent nuclear fuel

Buck, Edgar C.; Mausolf, Edward; McNamara, Bruce K.; Soderquist, Chuck Z.; Schwantes, Jon M.

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2016.10.029

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…While this particle is likely from the silver reactors discharged to this tank, another candidate source of AgI in Hanford waste is AgI formed inside spent fuel, as observed previously by Buck et al [30] for power reactor fuels. Buck et al [30] identified AgI in spent fuel grain boundaries. If such species were to have formed in spent fuel at Hanford,…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 56%

Silver-iodine association in Hanford nuclear waste

Reynolds

Lachut

Meznarich

et al. 2020

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

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The Hanford Site in the United States has over 200 million liters of alkaline nuclear waste. Radioactive iodine is frequently the limiting radionuclide for disposing of the waste in a repository due to the assumption of high solubility. There has been minimal actual data on the speciation of iodine, however. This study dissolved soluble salts from a Hanford waste sample to concentrated insoluble species and then searched for iodine-species using Scanning Electron Microscopy. Silver-iodine associations were found in the sample using Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy, indicating that this iodine was in the form of silver iodide or iodate. These silver bearing species have relatively low water solubility, which may limit the release of iodine to the environment.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 56%

Silver-iodine association in Hanford nuclear waste

Reynolds

Lachut

Meznarich

et al. 2020

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

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“…32 We have previously reported on the nature of the metallic particles from these fuels and aspects of their chemistry, including the variability of compositions in the 5-metal particles and the occurrence of Ag-Pd halides. 13,[33][34][35][36] In these earlier studies, we investigated metallic particles throughout the fuel; however, in this investigation, we concentrated on the FCI region and, in particular, the oxidized Zr metal liner nearest to the fuel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of metallic fission-product particles in the cladding liner of spent nuclear fuel

et al. 2020

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We have made observations of noble metal phase fission-product agglomerates and gaseous xenon within the fuel-cladding interaction (FCI) zone of a high-burnup UO 2 fuel. The FCI is the boundary between the UO 2 pellet outer surface and the inner wall of the oxidized Zr-liner/cladding of the fuel rod. These fission-product agglomerates are well known to occur within the spent fuel matrix, and although radionuclides have been reported by others, we reveal aspects of their speciation and morphology. That they occur as discrete particles in the oxidized Zr liner, suggests the occurrence of hitherto unknown processes in the FCI zone during reactor operation, and this may have implications for the long-term storage and disposal of these types of materials. As expected, the particle agglomerates, which ranged in size from the nanometer scale to the micrometer scale, contained mainly Mo, Ru, Tc, Rh, and Pd; however, we also found significant quantities of Te associated with Pd. Indeed, we found nanometer scale separation of the distinct Pd/Te phase from the other fission products within the particles. Often associated with the particles was concentrations of uranium, sometimes appearing as a "cloud" with a tail emanating from the fuel into the oxidized cladding liner. Many of the noble metal phase particles appeared as fractured clusters separated by Xe-gas-filled voids. Possible mechanisms of formation or transport in the cladding liner are presented.

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“…Sequestration of Radioactive Wastes. Buck et al, (2016) performed for chemically processed high burn-up uranium oxide (UO2) fuel using microscopic analysis. The study Water Environment Research, Volume 89, Number 10 -Copyright © 2017 Water Environment Federation found that recalcitrant nano-particles containing, Pd, Ag, I, and Br are mostly consistent with the phase of high pressure in silver iodide of undissolved residue.…”

Section: Decommission and Decontamination Of Nuclearmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radioactive Wastes

Choudri¹,

Charabi²,

Baawain³

et al. 2017

Water Environment Research

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Papers reviewed herein present a general overview of radioactive waste related activities around the world in 2016. The current reveiw include studies related to safety assessments, decommission and decontamination of nuclear facilities, fusion facilities, transportation. Further, the review highlights on management solutions for the final disposal of low and high level radioactive wastes (LLW and HLW), interim storage and final disposal options for spent fuel (SF), and tritiated wastes, with a focus on environmental impacts due to the mobility of radionuclides in ecosystem, water and soil alongwith other progress made in the management of radioactive wastes.

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Sequestration of radioactive iodine in silver-palladium phases in commercial spent nuclear fuel

Cited by 14 publications

References 34 publications

Silver-iodine association in Hanford nuclear waste

Silver-iodine association in Hanford nuclear waste

Distribution of metallic fission-product particles in the cladding liner of spent nuclear fuel

Radioactive Wastes

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