Serial effects are optimal

Cicchini, Guido Marco; Burr, David

doi:10.1017/s0140525x18001395

Cited by 18 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…We next examined how response precision (σ) varied as a function of Δθ and found that responses were more precise around small trial-to-trial orientation changes (Figure 1F), again consistent with previous reports (Cicchini and Burr, 2018). We quantified this difference in precision by splitting trials into ‘close’ and ‘far’ bins (greater than or less than 30° separation) and confirmed that responses following ‘close’ stimuli were more precise ( t (46)=-3.72, p =0.0003, paired 1-tailed t-test, Figure 1G, see Response Precision).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

“…and the trial sequence was ordered so that a near oblique orientation was always followed by a near cardinal orientation (n=7). This was implemented to maximize our ability to observe serial dependencies in our binary response data as it is typically strongest around orientation changes of 20° and is more pronounced around oblique orientations (Cicchini and Burr, 2018). The remaining participants completed both blocks with uniform and blocks with binned stimuli (n=14).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sensory readout accounts for adaptation

Sheehan¹,

Jt²

2021

Preprint

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Sensory responses and behavior are strongly shaped by stimulus history. For instance, perceptual reports are sometimes biased towards previously viewed stimuli (serial dependence). Previous behavioral studies suggest that serial dependence is implemented via modulations in visual cortex, but neural evidence is lacking. We recorded fMRI responses while human participants performed a delayed orientation discrimination task. While behavioral reports were attracted to the previous stimulus, response patterns in sensory areas were repelled. We reconciled these opposing biases using a model where both sensory encoding and readout are shaped by stimulus history. Neural adaptation reduces redundancy at encoding and leads to the repulsive biases that we observed in visual cortex. Serial dependence is not implemented in visual cortex but rather by readout mechanisms that account for adaptation during encoding. The model suggests the visual system improves efficiency via adaptation while still optimizing behavioral readout based on the temporal structure of natural stimuli.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensory readout accounts for adaptation

Sheehan¹,

Jt²

2021

Preprint

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“…The fact that these context effects were stronger in participants with no musical training is consistent with the hypothesis that influence of prior context increases as the uncertainty of the current representation increases ( Cicchini et al. 2018 ; Cicchini and Burr 2018 ). Nonmusicians, whose meter perception was overall less robust to input degradation, would rely more on the recent context to make better sense of the degraded input (see Cicchini et al.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Neural and Behavioral Evidence for Frequency-Selective Context Effects in Rhythm Processing in Humans

Lenc

Keller

Varlet

et al. 2020

Cerebral Cortex Communications

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When listening to music, people often perceive and move along with a periodic meter. However, the dynamics of mapping between meter perception and the acoustic cues to meter periodicities in the sensory input remain largely unknown. To capture these dynamics, we recorded the EEG while non-musician and musician participants listened to nonrepeating rhythmic sequences where acoustic cues to meter frequencies either gradually decreased (from regular to degraded) or increased (from degraded to regular). The results revealed greater neural activity selectively elicited at meter frequencies when the sequence gradually changed from regular to degraded compared to the opposite. Importantly, this effect was unlikely to arise from overall gain, or low-level auditory processing, as revealed by physiological modeling. Moreover, the context effect was more pronounced in non-musicians, who also demonstrated facilitated sensory-motor synchronization with the meter for sequences that started as regular. In contrast, musicians showed weaker effects of recent context in their neural responses and robust ability to move along with the meter irrespective of stimulus degradation. Together, our results demonstrate that brain activity elicited by rhythm does not only reflect passive tracking of stimulus features, but represents continuous integration of sensory input with recent context.

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“…However, although a logarithmic transformation is a static nonlinearity, the Bayesian account suggests that the effects should be dynamic because the prior may be recalculated on every trial. Previous work has shown that the effects are indeed dynamic (Cicchini et al, 2014), following the pattern of results of serial dependence (attraction to the previous stimulus) observed for many perceptual phenomena, such as orientation and face perception (Cicchini & Burr, 2018; Liberman et al, 2014; Taubert et al, 2016). Serial effects were strongest for higher numbers and predicted a compressive behavior in the number-line task, without evoking the idea of intrinsic logarithmic coding.…”

supporting

confidence: 54%

Uncertainty and Prior Assumptions, Rather Than Innate Logarithmic Encoding, Explain Nonlinear Number-to-Space Mapping

et al. 2021

Self Cite

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Mapping number to space is natural and spontaneous but often nonveridical, showing a clear compressive nonlinearity that is thought to reflect intrinsic logarithmic encoding of numerical values. We asked 78 adult participants to map dot arrays onto a number line across nine trials. Combining participant data, we confirmed that on the first trial, mapping was heavily compressed along the number line, but it became more linear across trials. Responses were well described by logarithmic compression but also by a parameter-free Bayesian model of central tendency, which quantitatively predicted the relationship between nonlinearity and number acuity. To experimentally test the Bayesian hypothesis, we asked 90 new participants to complete a color-line task in which they mapped noise-perturbed color patches to a “color line.” When there was more noise at the high end of the color line, the mapping was logarithmic, but it became exponential with noise at the low end. We conclude that the nonlinearity of both number and color mapping reflects contextual Bayesian inference processes rather than intrinsic logarithmic encoding.

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Serial effects are optimal

Cited by 18 publications

References 30 publications

Sensory readout accounts for adaptation

Sensory readout accounts for adaptation

Neural and Behavioral Evidence for Frequency-Selective Context Effects in Rhythm Processing in Humans

Uncertainty and Prior Assumptions, Rather Than Innate Logarithmic Encoding, Explain Nonlinear Number-to-Space Mapping

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