Serial Nitrogen‐Doped Metal/Carbon Composites Derived from Organic Salts for Superior Electromagnetic Wave Absorption and Supercapacitor Electrode

Abstract

The present study provides a facile one‐pot pyrolysis strategy to prepare serial nitrogen‐doped (N‐doped) metal/carbon composites derived from six types of metal ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA‐M, M = Co, Cu, Mn, Fe, Mg, and Ca). N‐doped Co/C composite integrated carbonaceous with magnetic components to attain dielectric‐magnetic double loss mechanisms. The minimum reflection loss and effective absorption bandwidth reached −57.6 dB at 1.75 mm and 4.64 GHz at 1.52 mm, respectively. The electromagnetic simulation further confirms that the dissipation ability increases with the improvement of carbonization temperature. Results show that altering the metal species of precursors can significantly improve the electrochemical performance of the composites using the identical strategy. N‐doped Cu/C composite performed a maximum specific capacitance of 2383.3 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1−1, and maintained 86.3% cycling stability at 20 A g−1 after 5000 cycles. The energy density of a symmetrical two‐electrode configuration achieved 350.13 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 4000.04 W kg−1. Density functional theory calculations indicate that nitrogen dopants cause faster ion transport and stronger adsorption capacity. Moreover, the bifunctionality of other composites types are also systematically characterized.