Sero-Epidemiologic Studies of Meningococcal Infection with the Indirect Hemagglutination Test

Eickhoff, Theodore C.

doi:10.1093/infdis/123.5.519

Cited by 23 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…meningitidis [37]. A similar association has been identified among students at an Air Force base in the U.S. who had meningococcal serogroup C or Y disease [38]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 72%

Potential Impact of Co-Infections and Co-Morbidities Prevalent in Africa on Influenza Severity and Frequency: A Systematic Review

et al. 2015

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Infectious diseases and underlying medical conditions common to Africa may affect influenza frequency and severity. We conducted a systematic review of published studies on influenza and the following co-infections or co-morbidities that are prevalent in Africa: dengue, malaria, measles, meningococcus, Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP), hemoglobinopathies, and malnutrition. Articles were identified except for influenza and PCP. Very few studies were from Africa. Sickle cell disease, dengue, and measles co-infection were found to increase the severity of influenza disease, though this is based on few studies of dengue and measles and the measles study was of low quality. The frequency of influenza was increased among patients with sickle cell disease. Influenza infection increased the frequency of meningococcal disease. Studies on malaria and malnutrition found mixed results. Age-adjusted morbidity and mortality from influenza may be more common in Africa because infections and diseases common in the region lead to more severe outcomes and increase the influenza burden. However, gaps exist in our knowledge about these interactions.

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“…meningitidis [37]. A similar association has been identified among students at an Air Force base in the U.S. who had meningococcal serogroup C or Y disease [38]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 72%

Potential Impact of Co-Infections and Co-Morbidities Prevalent in Africa on Influenza Severity and Frequency: A Systematic Review

et al. 2015

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“…However, the observations of a number of investigators indicate specific, rather than nonspecific, interactions (1, 5, 15). There is also evidence indicating that virus infection may enhance the acquisition of bacterial pathogens (6,12,25). Staphylococcal infection accounted for 60 to 70% of the bacterial isolates from patients with pneumonia during the pandemic of 1957 (9, 4, 7, 18) when there were more than 88,000 related excess deaths in the United States.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adherence of staphylococcus aureus to influenza A virus-infected Madin-Darby canine kidney cell cultures

Davison¹,

Sanford²

1981

Infect Immun

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Madin-Darby canine kidney cells infected with influenza A virus (strains PR8, FM1, Jap 305, and Tex 1) were tested with nine strains of Staphylococcus aureus and group B Streptococcus type Ic to determine whether mammalian cells become susceptible to bacterial adherence as a result of virus infection. Bacterial adherence to virus-infected cells varied depending on the virus strain and on the strain of bacteria tested. A quantitative radioassay was developed to study the parameters of adherence. Attachment of 3H-labeled S. aureus grown in chemically defined or biologically complex medium to FM1 virus-infected cells was significantly increased (P < 0.0005) compared with attachment to control cells. Adherence coincided with the appearance of hemadsorption, which is a marker of the presence of virus-induced glycoproteins on the cell surface. Adherence was temperature dependent, increased with a decrease in hydrogen ion concentration, and was not affected by the presence of K+, Mg2", or Ca2". Adherence was blocked when 3H-labeled S. aureus was pretreated with trypsin but not when cells were pretreated with neuraminidase.

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“…cation of individuals susceptible to disease [9][10][11][12][13] and in which antibiotics and vaccines have been evaluated during meningococcal outbreaks [14][15][16] have involved military populations almost exclusively. However, an outbreak of disease caused by group C, sulfonamide-resistant N. meningitidis in two lower socioeconomic populations in Dade County, Fla. afforded the opportunity to study this disease in a civilian population.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroepidemiology and Chemoprophylaxis of Disease Due to Sulfonamide-Resistant Neisseria meningitidis in a Civilian Population

Kaiser¹,

Hennekens²,

Saslaw³

et al. 1974

Journal of Infectious Diseases

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An epidemic caused by group C sulfonamide-resistant Neisseria meningitidis occurred during an eight-month period in two lower socioeconomic communities in Dade County, Florida. Five of 85 close contacts of patients (5.9%) contracted meningococcal disease. Nasopharyngeal carriage and serologic evidence of meningococcal infection were significantly more frequent among close contacts than among controls in the neighborhood. The risk of meningococcal infection was found to be significantly greater for persons who shared five-person bedrooms than for those who slept in less crowded bedrooms. A trial was conducted with rifampin among close contacts of patients. Rifampin eradicated meningococcal carriage in 92% of the treated group, and rifampin-resistant strains did not emerge. The data indicate the need for chemoprophylaxis of all close contacts of persons with meningococcal disease without regard for the results of nasopharyngeal cultures. Casual acquaintances (such as schoolmates) were not found to need prophylactic therapy.Neisseria meningitidis possesses the ability to cause outbreaks of life-threatening illness in otherwise healthy individuals [1][2][3][4][5]. Because of the dramatic swiftness with which meningitis or meningococcemia due to N. meningitidis can develop, considerable effort has been expended in development of preventive measures. Recently, the problem of prophylaxis has been complicated by the increase in prevalence of sulfonamide-resistant strains of N. meningitidis [6][7][8]. Studies in which serologic techniques have been used for identifi-

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Sero-Epidemiologic Studies of Meningococcal Infection with the Indirect Hemagglutination Test

Cited by 23 publications

References 34 publications

Potential Impact of Co-Infections and Co-Morbidities Prevalent in Africa on Influenza Severity and Frequency: A Systematic Review

Potential Impact of Co-Infections and Co-Morbidities Prevalent in Africa on Influenza Severity and Frequency: A Systematic Review

Adherence of staphylococcus aureus to influenza A virus-infected Madin-Darby canine kidney cell cultures

Seroepidemiology and Chemoprophylaxis of Disease Due to Sulfonamide-Resistant Neisseria meningitidis in a Civilian Population

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