Sero-prevalence and Correlates of Hepatitis B and C Co-infection Among HIV-infected Individuals in Two Regional Hospitals in Cameroon

Luma, Henry Namme; Eloumou, Servais Albert Fiacre Bagnaka; Ekaney, Domin Sone Majunda; Lekpa, Fernando Kemta; Donfack-Sontsa, Olivier; Ngahane, Bertrand Hugo Mbatchou; Mapoure, Yacouba Njankouo

doi:10.2174/1874613601610010199

“…The finding of the present study (5.2%) was in agreement with HIV-HCV coinfection rates of HIV-positive individuals documented in previous studies of Northwestern Ethiopia, 5.0% in Gondar [ 19 ] and 5.4% in Burkina Faso [ 20 ]. However, the HCV/HIV coinfection rate was higher than the findings of studies conducted in Cameroon, 2.8%, [ 21 ] and Debretabor Hospital, Ethiopia, 1.3%, [ 13 ]. The presence of shared modes of transmission of both viruses in the study patients [ 22 , 23 ] as well as limited access of health information about the transmission and prevention of HCV infection in the study area might be possible reasons for the discrepancies seen in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Hepatitis C Virus Infection among HIV-Infected Patients Attending Dessie Referral Hospital, Northeastern Ethiopia

Gedefie

¹

,

Adamu

²

,

Alemayehu

³

et al. 2021

International Journal of Microbiology

5

1

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective. Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) coinfection increases the incidence of end-stage liver disease which is more severe in immune-compromised HIV-infected patients than HCV infection alone. The aim of this study was to assess HCV infection and the associated risk factors among HIV/AIDS patients attending Dessie Referral Hospital, Northeastern Ethiopia. Methods. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 249 HIV-infected adults selected by a systematic random sampling technique from January to March 2018. A structured questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic and risk factor data. Moreover, the blood specimen was collected and tested for CD4 count and anti-HCV antibody detection according to standard operating procedures. The data obtained were entered into SPSS version 20, and descriptive statistics, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. A P value ≤0.05 with a corresponding 95% confidence interval was considered as statistically significant. Result. Of a total of 249 HIV-infected study subjects, 120 (48.2%) were male and 129 (51.8%) were females, while the mean (±SD) age and CD4+ cells/mm3 were 39.10 (±11.507) years and 316.08 + 290.607 cells/mm3, respectively. Anti-HCV antibody was detected in 13 (5.2%) patients with higher prevalence rate found in males P = 0.078 and elders >50 years of age P = 0.013 than their counterparts. Age group of >50 years of age (AOR = 9.070, 95% CI: 1.578, 52.117, P = 0.013 ), longer duration of HIV treatment (AOR = 5.490, 95% CI: 1.341, 34.458, P = 0.041 ), WHO clinical stage III/IV (AOR = 12.768, 95% CI: 2.293, 71.106, P = 0.004 ), previous history of hospitalization (AOR = 10.234, 95% CI: 2.049, 51.118, P = 0.005 ), tooth extraction (AOR = 6.016, 95% CI: 1.137, 36.837, P = 0.048 ), and liver disease (AOR = 11.398, 95% CI: 1.275, 101.930, P = 0.029 ) were statistically significant predictors of HCV infection. Conclusion. The prevalence of HCV infection is still higher and causes concern. Therefore, screening of these high-risk groups should be critical to reduce mortality and to improve clinical outcomes.

show abstract

“…Uninfected host cells (U) were infected by extracellular virus (V extra ) via a second-order process with the infection rate constant (k infect ). Replication of uninfected host cells was accounted for in the HFIM via a logistic growth model (24,25). As the HFIM provides a continuous flow of nutrients via fresh medium, the maximum number of host cells (HOST max ) was allowed to differ between the HFIM and the plate assay.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Regimens of Favipiravir Inhibit Zika Virus Replication in the Hollow-Fiber Infection Model

Mello

¹

,

Tao

²

,

Kim

³

et al. 2018

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Zika virus (ZIKV) infection is associated with serious, long-term neurological manifestations. There are currently no approved therapies for the treatment or prevention of ZIKV infection. Favipiravir (FAV) is a viral polymerase inhibitor with broad-spectrum activity. Our prior studies used static FAV concentrations and demonstrated promising activity. However, the anti-ZIKV activity of dynamic FAV concentrations has never been evaluated in a human cell line. Here we employed the hollow-fiber infection model (HFIM) to simulate the human pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles associated with the clinically utilized FAV dosage regimens against influenza and Ebola viruses and assessed the viral burden profiles. Clinically achievable FAV concentrations inhibited ZIKV replication in HUH-7 cells in a dose-dependent fashion (50% effective concentration = 236.5 μM). The viral burden profiles under dynamic FAV concentrations were predicted by use of a mechanism-based mathematical model (MBM) and subsequently successfully validated in the HFIM. This validated, translational MBM can now be used to predict the anti-ZIKV activity of other FAV dosage regimens in the presence of between-patient variability in pharmacokinetics. This approach can be extended to rationally optimize FAV combination dosage regimens which hold promise to treat ZIKV infections in nonpregnant patients.

show abstract

“…Previous studies attempted to investigate the epidemiology of HCV infection either in sentinel surveillance conditions (e.g. pregnant women, maintenance haemodialysis, patients attending health facilities for care), or among first time blood donors (Halle et al, 2009;Noubiap et al, 2013;Noubiap et al, 2015;Luma et al, 2016a;Ankouane et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current status of human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus (HIV/HCV) co-infection in Cameroon: Sero-prevalence, risk factors and correlation with markers of liver function and CD4 cells rate in patients diagnosed in three hospital settings

Marceline¹,

Marlene²,

Cyriaque³

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study investigates the current status of HIV/HCV co-infection through viral sero-prevalence and correlation with liver markers and CD4 count in three hospital settings in Cameroon. Blood samples of 75 newly diagnosed HIV patients, and 546 people attending the target hospitals were screened for HCV(antigen-antibodies) using enzyme-immunoassay. Biochemical liver markers (ALT-AST--GTBilirubin) and CD4-cell count were also analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed using student's ttest, χ2-test and Pearson correlation. The statistical significance was set at the threshold p≤0.05. Out of 75 people with HIV, 10(13.33%) were diagnosed with HIV/HCV co-infection; 56(10.25%) individuals from the cohort of 546 participants were diagnosed with HCV infection and 5(8.93%) were confirmed HIV positive. Results showed that HCV infection rate is higher among HIV patients than among the general population. For the two populations, co-infection rate was higher in women: 7(9.3%) and 3(4%) respectively in HIV positive patients, 3(5.35%) and 2(3.57%) in HCV patients. Women comprised the majority of people with HIV (72%) while men were the majority in the HCV-infected population (78.57%). Mean age in co-infected individuals was higher, with 93.33% aged 50 years or above. A negative and significant correlation was associated with CD4 count, ALT activity and bilirubin concentration in people with HIV, whereas in HIV/HCV co-infected patients, positive and significant correlations were associated with ALT, AST and -GT. HIV/HCV co-infection is a concern in hospital settings in Cameroon. HCV screening should be compulsory for patients and integrated in the existing guidelines/policies in Cameroon.

show abstract

Sero-prevalence and Correlates of Hepatitis B and C Co-infection Among HIV-infected Individuals in Two Regional Hospitals in Cameroon

Cited by 13 publications

References 31 publications

Hepatitis C Virus Infection among HIV-Infected Patients Attending Dessie Referral Hospital, Northeastern Ethiopia

Hepatitis C Virus Infection among HIV-Infected Patients Attending Dessie Referral Hospital, Northeastern Ethiopia

Clinical Regimens of Favipiravir Inhibit Zika Virus Replication in the Hollow-Fiber Infection Model

Current status of human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus (HIV/HCV) co-infection in Cameroon: Sero-prevalence, risk factors and correlation with markers of liver function and CD4 cells rate in patients diagnosed in three hospital settings

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About