Sero-prevalence and epidemiology of peste des petits ruminants in Libya

Dayhum, Abdunaser; Sharif, Monier; Eldaghayes, Ibrahim; Kammon, Abdulwahab; Calistri, Paolo; Danzetta, Maria Luisa; Sabatino, Daria Di; Petrini, Antonio; Ferrari, Giancarlo; Grazioli, Santina; Pezzoni, Giulia; Brocchi, Emiliana

doi:10.1111/tbed.12670

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Interestingly, although the sampling included the Sabha province only, and therefore could not be representative of the entire south region, the highest ( P = 0.0003) prevalence values (75.6%; 95% CI: 51.1–87.1%) were observed in the Southern part of Libya where animal movements across the borders either transitional or illegal are recurrent and, thus, the risk of importing animals infected with different pathogens from the Southern borders is high (Dayhum et al . ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…), peste des petit ruminants (Dayhum et al . ), and Brucellosis (FAO, ), emerged and/or re‐emerged. BT is known to be present in Libya but apart from a report on a BTV‐1 strain isolated and identified in 2007 in the Green Mountain branch (Eastern Libya) (LIB2007/06) and a BTV‐9 Libyan strain (LIB2008/08) isolated in 2008 from sheep showing BT clinical signs (Nomikou et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploiting serological data to understand the epidemiology of bluetongue virus serotypes circulating in Libya

Mahmoud

Savini

Spedicato

et al. 2018

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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The epidemiological patterns of Bluetongue ( BT ) in North Africa and Mediterranean Basin ( MB ) dramatically changed by emergence of subsequent episodes of novel bluetongue virus ( BTV ) serotypes with highly pathogenic indexes and socio‐economic impacts. The objective of the study was to investigate the sero‐prevalence and serotype distribution of BTV in Libya. During 2015‐2016, a total of 826 serum samples were collected from domestic ruminants in Libya. All sera were assayed by competitive enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays (c‐ ELISA ). C‐Elisa‐positive samples (43.3%; 173/400) were further analyzed by virus neutralization assay to identify BTV serotypes and determine the antibody titre of positive samples. An overall BTV sero‐prevalence was 48.4% (95% CI : 45.0%‐51.8%). Neutralizing antibodies were detected against the following BTV serotypes namely: BTV ‐1, BTV ‐2, BTV ‐3, BTV ‐4, BTV ‐9 and BTV ‐26. While BTV ‐1, BTV ‐2, BTV ‐4 and BTV ‐9 circulation was unsurprising as they have been responsible of the last year outbreaks in Northern African Countries, the detection of BTV ‐3 and BTV ‐26 was definitely new and concerning for the animal health of the countries facing the Mediterranean Basin. It is crucial that European and Northern African authorities collaborate in organizing common surveillance programmes to early detect novel strains or emerging serotypes in order to set up proper preventive measures, and, in case, develop specific vaccines and plan coordinated vaccination campaigns.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploiting serological data to understand the epidemiology of bluetongue virus serotypes circulating in Libya

Mahmoud

Savini

Spedicato

et al. 2018

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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“…On screening of the 776 serum samples, the observed apparent and calculated true seroprevalence was 1.16% and -0.005 %, respectively (Table 1) et al, 2017;Acharya et al, 2018;Dayhum et al, 2018;Burns et al, 2019) including some studies from India with varying levels of seroprevalence (Singh et al, 2004a;Raghavendra et al, 2008;Balamurugan et al, 2014a;2020a;Devi et al, 2016). The present study defines the prevalence of SRMV antibodies in small ruminants in Sikkim and generated evidence of a very low apparent seroprevalence, which might be due to the collected random samples were from apparently healthy animals and not from PPR suspected animals.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Serosurvey of Peste des Petits Ruminants in Small Ruminants in the Hilly Terrain North-Eastern State of Sikkim in India

Balamurugan¹,

Varghese²,

Muthuchelvan³

et al. 2020

AAVS

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This cross-sectional serosurvey outlines the seroprevalence of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in small ruminants in the hilly terrain northeastern state of Sikkim in India. A total of 776 small ruminants' (sheep [n = 99] and goats [n = 677]) serum samples were collected from 62 epidemiological units (epi-units) of the state using a two-stage sampling method from September 2017 to February 2018. The collected sera were screened for the small ruminant morbillivirus (SRMV) antibodies using a PPR-competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA). The results showed 1.16% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.61-2.19%) apparent prevalence with almost zero calculated true prevalence, which implies the insignificant prevalence of SRMV antibodies in the small ruminants population. Further, only a few samples from <5 % epi-units have shown positive for SRMV antibodies with an overall seropositive of <30% in the surveyed epi-units in Sikkim. This report is first of its kind on the seroprevalence of PPR in a unique niche of hilly terrain settings and it implies that SRMV has not yet become established in the small ruminants in Sikkim, despite the enzootic nature of the disease in the rest of India. This necessitates the imposing of strict quarantine measures and restrictions in the small ruminants trade along with the implementation of the intensive active surveillance programme to make a PPR free state.

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“…State-wise details of sera screened, and their percent positivity with seroprevalence are presented in Table -1 [1]. Information on the seroprevalence of PPR in different domestic and wildlife ruminant species has been reported from different enzootic countries in Africa, the middle east, and Asia [4,9,11,13,15,[23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. The prevalence of PPRV antibodies in sheep and goats indicates either the subclinical or in-apparent suspected infection or naturally infected and recovered animals and has specific implications in epidemiological perspectives since it highlights the prevalence under natural non-vaccination situation or it may indicate animal's immune response to the vaccine [29], as the prevalence of antibodies in adult animals is not always indicative of infection, as there is always a high probability of these animals receiving vaccination once during a lifetime.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence study of peste des petits ruminants in sheep and goats in the northern region of India

et al. 2020

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Background and Aim: Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a contagious, World Organization for Animal Health notifiable, economically important, transboundary morbilliviral disease of sheep and goats. Studying seroprevalence of PPR from different geographical areas under varying agro-climatic conditions may help in formulating effective and appropriate disease control strategies under the ongoing national PPR control program. The present cross-sectional study describes the prevalence of PPR virus antibodies in sheep and goats in the various epidemiological units in different states (Haryana, Himachal Pradesh [HP], Jammu and Kashmir [J&K], Punjab, Uttarakhand [UK], and Uttar Pradesh [UP]) of the northern region of India. Materials and Methods: A total of 5843 serum samples (sheep [n=2463] and goats [n=3380]) were collected by stratified random sampling method from 322 epidemiological units in the studied region during 2017-2018 and tested for PPR virus (PPRV) antibodies by competitive ELISA. Results: The results revealed that an overall seroprevalence of 44.05% (2574/5843) with 57.32%, 55.22%, 65.69%, 37.09%, 32.73%, and 29.35% prevalence of PPRV antibodies in small ruminants in Haryana, Punjab, UP, HP, J&K, and UK states, respectively. Further, Chi-squared test revealed an association of PPRV antibodies in goats (χ2=252.28, p<0.01) and sheep (χ2=192.12, p<0.01) across different states in the region. Conclusion: The seroprevalence in majority of the epidemiological units (n=130) in sheep and goats in the studied region had <30%. This necessitates comprehensive, rigorous, continuous vaccination and active surveillance programs for few more years to achieve the desired 70% seroprevalence level of PPRV antibodies in population and to make the northern region of India, as PPR free zone.

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Sero-prevalence and epidemiology of peste des petits ruminants in Libya

Cited by 10 publications

References 24 publications

Exploiting serological data to understand the epidemiology of bluetongue virus serotypes circulating in Libya

Exploiting serological data to understand the epidemiology of bluetongue virus serotypes circulating in Libya

Serosurvey of Peste des Petits Ruminants in Small Ruminants in the Hilly Terrain North-Eastern State of Sikkim in India

Seroprevalence study of peste des petits ruminants in sheep and goats in the northern region of India

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