Sero-prevalence and trends of transfusion-transmissible infections among blood donors at Bahir Dar district blood bank, northwest Ethiopia: A four year retrospective study

Abstract

Background Blood transfusion is an effective treatment for saving millions of lives even though transfusion- transmissible infections are the major problem. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the sero-prevalence and trend of transfusion-transmissible infections among blood donors. Methods A retrospective study was conducted form July 2014 to June 2018 at Bahir Dar district blood bank. Descriptive statistics was presented using percentages, medians and interquartile ranges. Logistic regression was used to explore risk factors associated with each transfusion transmissible infections. Result From a total of 35,435 blood donors 2130 (6.0%) of them had serological evidence for at least one infection and 50 (0.14%) of them were confirmed as having multiple infections. The overall sero-prevalence of HBV, HCV, HIV and syphilis was 230 (6.0%) with 3.9%, 0.6%, 0.5% and 1.2% respectively. From those who had co-infection majority of them 22 (44.0%) were attributed to HBV-Syphilis co-infection and 1 (2.0%) study participant was co-infected with HBV-HIV- Syphilis infection. There was an increment in the overall prevalence of transfusion-transmissible infection;183 in 2014/2015 to 624 in 2017/2018. The sero-prevalence of HBV show a significant increment tend with respect to year of donation. On the other hand HCV and HIV sero-prevalence show an increasing trend from 2014 and decrease in 2018. The sero-prevalence of syphilis was 67 (1.3%) in 2015 and duplicate in 2016, 138 (1.5) but subsequently decrease to 110 (1.1%) in 2017 and in 2018 it was 114 (1.0%). Conclusion and recommendations His finding showed growing evidence in the burden of transfusion-transmissible infection in blood donors despite which requires advanced and vigilance screening of donated blood prior to transfusion. More over there should be strategies for monitoring the implementation of post donation counseling for recruitment and retention of safe regular donors.

Sero-prevalence of transfusion transmittable infections: HIV, Hepatitis B, C and Treponema pallidum and associated factors among blood donors in Ethiopia: A retrospective study

“…Sex was also found to be associated with prevalence of TTIs, the prevalence was found to be higher in males. A study conducted in Bahir Dar had published similar finding [ 9 ].…”

“…Similarly, a study conducted in Harari, also documented that old age was associated with higher probability of having Treponema pallidum compared to younger age [ 14 ]. Another study done in Bahir Dar had also showed that old age was again associated with prevalence of HBV in blood donor [ 9 ]. Evidence from Eretria and Tanzania also support association of age and sero positivity of TTIs [ 6 , 18 ].…”

“…Some studies have also showed HCV donor prevalence of 1.6% in Gondar and 8.5% in Wolita Sodo [ 3 , 8 ]. Independent studies conducted in different parts of the country revealed that, Treponema pallidum prevalence among blood donors ranges from 1.2% in Bahir Dar, to 7.5% in Wolita Sodo [ 8 , 9 ]. A systematic review and meta-analysis study done in the country showed that the Sero-prevalence of HIV among blood donors was 2.69% (95% CI (1.79–3.58%)) [ 7 ].…”

First-Time Blood Donors are Double Edged Swords for Blood Transfusion Centers: a Retrospective Study in Southwest Iran

“…These data show that there is a direct correlation between the economic condition of countries and TTI incidence. Those countries with higher income can more easily provide preventive and vaccination programs for their people than countries with lower income [11,12]. Education is another important factor that can significantly decrease the rate of TTIs among blood donors, mostly by reducing risky behaviors [13].…”

Seroprevalence of markers of transfusion transmissible infections among blood donors at a tertiary care hospital blood bank: a 5 year retrospective study

“…5 The economic cost of failure to control the transmission of the infections includes increased requirements of medical care, high level of dependency and heavy burden on already overstretched health and social services on national economy. [6][7][8] Acquisition of infections during the window period from the blood donors can be a serious threat to the safety of collected blood which is transfused to the recipient. These TTIs can cause prolonged viremia also causes fatal chronic or life threatening disorders.…”