Sero-Prevalence Of Brucellosis In Goats And Community Awareness In Liban District Of Guji Zone, Oromia Regional State, Southern Ethiopia

Zewdie, Wubishet

doi:10.19080/jojph.2017.02.555587

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The seroprevalence of brucellosis in small ruminants with a history of abortion or retained fetal membranes was found to be higher (p < 0.05) than in those without these problems. Similar findings were reported by Wedajo et al (18) and Wubishet et al (49) in the Afar and Guji zones of the Oromia region, respectively. It is known that abortion in livestock represents the major complaint attributed to Brucella infections (50)(51)(52).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Herd and animal level seroprevalence and associated risk factors of small ruminant brucellosis in the Korahey zone, Somali regional state, eastern Ethiopia

Hussen,

Alemu,

Hasan Hussen

et al. 2023

Front. Vet. Sci.

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IntroductionBrucellosis is a zoonosis of major public health and economic importance that is endemic in livestock in Ethiopia with varying levels of seroprevalence.MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the individual and herd-level seroprevalence of brucellosis in small ruminants in the Korahey zone of the Ethiopian Somali Region. A total of 324 sera from 63 herds of small ruminants were collected randomly using a multistage sampling technique and the sera were tested using the Rose Bengal Plate Test, and seropositive reactors were confirmed by the Complement Fixation Test.Results and discussionThe seroprevalence of brucellosis at the herds and the individual level was 6.35% (95% CI: 0.0–13%) and 1.23% (95% CI: 0.0–2%), respectively; with 1.4% in goats and 0.9% in sheep. Moreover, predicted variables like age group, parity, history of abortion, fetal membranes, herd size, ownership of other livestock species, contact with wild animals in the past year, the introduction of new animals in the past year, and lending of breeding males in the past year were not significantly associated (p > 0.05) with Brucella seropositivity at individual and herd level seroprevalence during multivariable logistic regression analysis. Pastoral community awareness regarding the public health impact of brucellosis and the promotion of an intersectoral One Health approach for the effective control of brucellosis is recommended.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Herd and animal level seroprevalence and associated risk factors of small ruminant brucellosis in the Korahey zone, Somali regional state, eastern Ethiopia

Hussen,

Alemu,

Hasan Hussen

et al. 2023

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…According to the current serosurveillance findings of the disease in the country, low infection rate was recorded at Bahir Dar Town of Amhara Regional State [52]. and the highest was reported at Tellalak District of Afar Regional State [53] (Table 2).…”

Section: Prevalence Status Of Small Ruminant Brucellosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Sero-Prevalence, Epidemiology, and Public Health Significance of Small Ruminant Brucellosis

Adere

2023

JBRR

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Brucellosis is a widespread zoonosis mainly transmitted from cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, and camels through direct contact with blood, placenta fetuses, or uterine secretion or through consumption of the contaminated raw animal product (especially unpasteurized milk and soft cheeses) in endemic areas. Therefore, the objective of this paper are to explain the Current Epidemiological Aspects of Brucellosis and the Importance of Small ruminant Brucellosis for Public Health and briefly illustrate the Economic Importance of Small ruminant Brucellosis. Sources of infection include aborted fetuses, fetal membranes, vaginal discharges and milk from infected sheep and goat. Brucellosis is caused by facultative, intracellular and Gram- negative bacteria called Brucella. Small ruminant brucellosis is caused by B. ovis (for sheep) and B. melitensis (mainly for goats), the latter one is the most virulent species of the Brucella genus. The disease in naturally infected sheep and goats is characterized by abortion in the last trimester of pregnancy, stillbirth and birth of weak offspring in females, and acute orchitis and epididymitis in males. Brucellosis occurs worldwide in domestic animals such as cattle, sheep, goats, camels and pigs and creates a high economic problem for both the intensive and extensive livestock production system in the tropics and a threat to public health. Diagnostic tests fall into two categories: those that demonstrate the presence of the organisms and those that detect an immune response to its antigens. As a general rule, treatment of infected livestock is not attempted because of the high treatment failure rate, cost, and potential problems related to maintaining infected animals in the face of ongoing eradication programs. To control the disease in human, prevention of the disease in reservoir host is important, so test and slaughter followed by proper disposal of seropositive animals to decrease the incidence of infection and effective vaccination and hygienic practices would reduce the disease spreading in/from endemic regions and to lessen the economic and zoonotic effects of brucellosis, the government, public health officials, and veterinarians must collaborate.

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“…The study sample size was determined according to (Thrusfield, 2018) formula for a large population with 95% confidence level, 5% desired absolute precision by considering an expected prevalence of 8.1% (Wubishet et al, 2018) in Yabello districts of Borena Zone and 6.2% (Wubishet et al, 2017) in Liban District of Guji Zone. Therefore, taking an average prevalence of two areas as an expected prevalence, calculated sample size was 107.…”

Section: Sampling Procedures and Sample Size Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small Ruminant Brucella Sero-prevalence and potential risk factor at Dallo-Manna and HarannaBulluk Districts of Bale Zone, Oromia regional state, Ethiopia

Adem¹,

Hiko²,

Waktole³

et al. 2021

Ethiop. Vet. J.

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A cross-sectional study was carried out on randomly sampled 384 animals to assess the occurrence of small ruminant brucellosis and risk factors contributing for the zoonotic potential of the disease at Dallo-Manna and HarannaBulluk districts of Bale Zone. Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT) and complement fixation test (CFT) were used serially. All collected serum samples were subjected to RBPT first and then positive sera with RBPT were further tested for confirmation using CFT. Animal level prevalence of 6.5% and 2.9%, and flock level prevalence of 50% and 22% were recorded by RBPT and CFT respectively. Flock level prevalence at Dallo-Manna is 3.8-fold (95% OR CI = 1.17-12.19) than at Haranna-Bulluk (95% OR CI = 0.32-3.31) but no statistical significant difference (p>0.05). The Chi-square (χ2) statistical analysis indicated that age (χ2=6.18; p<0.05), parity (χ2=0.57; p<0.05), retained fetal membrane (χ2=35.5; p<0.001) and abortion history (χ2=45.1; p<0.001) were associated with Brucella sero-reactors in study areas. Small ruminant with history of retainedfetal membrane (OR=3, CI: 3.52- 27) and small ruminant with abortion history (OR=32, CI: 2.26-462.8) were also found significantly associated with seropostiveity. Questioner survey revealed only 30% of the respondents were aware of the small ruminant brucellosis. Most of them (84%) handle aborted materials with bare hand, 94% of the respondents mix sheep and goat at grazing field and watering point. Traditionally the habit of raw milk consumption is com- mon (100%). In conclusion, the result of this study demonstrated the presence of Brucella sero-reactors at moderate level in small ruminants and identified certain predictors of the infection. Therefore, based on the findings, authors suggest the need for further investigation on the disease-causing agent to take proactive control intervention measures. Meanwhile, actors need to work on raising public awareness to prevent the risk of public health hazard due toBrucella infection. Key words:- Brucellosis; CFT; RBPT; Small ruminant; Zoonosis

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Sero-Prevalence Of Brucellosis In Goats And Community Awareness In Liban District Of Guji Zone, Oromia Regional State, Southern Ethiopia

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

Herd and animal level seroprevalence and associated risk factors of small ruminant brucellosis in the Korahey zone, Somali regional state, eastern Ethiopia

Herd and animal level seroprevalence and associated risk factors of small ruminant brucellosis in the Korahey zone, Somali regional state, eastern Ethiopia

Sero-Prevalence, Epidemiology, and Public Health Significance of Small Ruminant Brucellosis

Small Ruminant Brucella Sero-prevalence and potential risk factor at Dallo-Manna and HarannaBulluk Districts of Bale Zone, Oromia regional state, Ethiopia

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