Seroconversion Rates with Hepatitis B Vaccine

Strickler, Albert; Kibsey, Pamela; Vellend, Hillar

doi:10.7326/0003-4819-101-4-564_1

Cited by 21 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The vaccine was made of subviral particles isolated from human plasma and inactivated by successive treatments with pepsin, urea, and formalin (5). However, subsequent applications of this hepatitis B vaccine, could not always reproduce the high efficacy of the original trial (6,7). In patients on maintenance hemodialysis, with depressed immune responses, the efficacy ran as low as 50% (8).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A synthetic peptide vaccine involving the product of the pre-S(2) region of hepatitis B virus DNA: protective efficacy in chimpanzees.

Itoh¹,

Takai²,

Ohnuma³

et al. 1986

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

210

105

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The S gene encoding the major surface polypeptide of hepatitis B virus is preceded by the region pre-S(2) with a capacity to code for 55 amino acid residues. In the product of region pre-S(2), the sequence of 19 amino acid residues (amino acids 14-32 from the N terminus) representing an area of high local hydrophilicity is shared by viral strains of subtypes adr, ayw, and ayr; residue 22, phenylalanine, is replaced by leucine in a strain of the other subtype, adw. A synthetic peptide vaccine involving these 19 amino acid residues, when given to two chimpanzees, raised antibodies that bound to viral particles and protected the animals from challenge with 106 chimpanzee infectious doses of hepatitis B virus.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

A synthetic peptide vaccine involving the product of the pre-S(2) region of hepatitis B virus DNA: protective efficacy in chimpanzees.

Itoh¹,

Takai²,

Ohnuma³

et al. 1986

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

210

105

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Therefore, hemodialysis patients are prime candidates for hepatitis B prophylaxis by active immunisation. Un fortunately the rate of anti-H Bs development after stan dard doses of vaccine is disappointing, in particular for the MSD-vaccine [2][3][4][5][6][7], Studies with other vaccines (lnstitut Pasteur, Central Laboratory of the Dutch Blood Transfusion Service) strongly suggest that increasing the frequency and dose of vaccine administration enhances the response rate [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune Response to Hepatitis B Vaccine in Hemodialysis Patients

Geelen¹,

Schalm²,

Visser³

et al. 1987

Nephron

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The impaired immune reactivity of hemodialysis patients has been reported to interfere with adequate antibody responses to standard doses of hepatitis B vaccine. In 22 hemodialysis patients, however, a 92% conversion rate could be obtained by administering multiple doses of plasma-derived MSD-vaccine. As the cost of such an amplified vaccination schedule is still lower than the cost of one dialysis treatment, this active vaccination policy for highly susceptible patients appears financially justified.

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“…Early studies on the response to hepatitis B vaccine have demonstrated a 96% seroconversion rate in the target population 28,29 . However, in 1984 reports appeared of a serological efficacy of only 63 to 68% among vaccinated health workers 22,26 . In 1985, a surveillance study by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 57 hospitals in the United States showed a significantly higher antibody response against the surface antigen of the hepatitis B virus (anti-HBs) in hospitals where the deltoid muscle was used as the injection site compared to the buttocks, 93% and 81% respectively 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B vaccine in infants: a randomized controlled trial comparing gluteal versus anterolateral thigh muscle administration

Alves

Nascimento

Granato

et al. 2001

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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A significantly diminished antibody response to hepatitis B vaccine has been demonstrated in adults when the buttock is used as the injection site. However, in Brazil, the buttock continues to be recommended as site of injection for intramuscular administration of vaccines in infants. In this age group, there are no controlled studies evaluating the immunogenicity of the hepatitis B vaccine when administered at this site. In the present study, 258 infants were randomized to receive the hepatitis B vaccine either in the buttock (n = 123) or in the anterolateral thigh muscle (n = 135). The immunization schedule consisted of three doses of hepatitis B vaccine (Engerix Bregister mark or target, 10 microg) at 2, 4 and 9 months of age. There were no significant differences in the proportion of seroconversion (99.3% x 99.2%), or in the geometric mean titer of ELISA anti-HBs (1,862.1 x 1,229.0 mIU/mL) between the two groups. This study demonstrates that a satisfactory serological response can be obtained when the hepatitis B vaccine is administered intramuscularly into the buttock.

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Seroconversion Rates with Hepatitis B Vaccine

Cited by 21 publications

References 1 publication

A synthetic peptide vaccine involving the product of the pre-S(2) region of hepatitis B virus DNA: protective efficacy in chimpanzees.

A synthetic peptide vaccine involving the product of the pre-S(2) region of hepatitis B virus DNA: protective efficacy in chimpanzees.

Immune Response to Hepatitis B Vaccine in Hemodialysis Patients

Hepatitis B vaccine in infants: a randomized controlled trial comparing gluteal versus anterolateral thigh muscle administration

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