Seroepidemiologic Investigations of Human Hepatitis Caused by A, B, and a Possible Third Virus

Villarejos, Víctor M.; Provost, Philip J.; Ittensohn, Oswald L.; McLean, Arlene A.; Hilleman, Maurice R.

doi:10.3181/00379727-152-39432

Cited by 44 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…6 Improvements in public health programs and sanitary conditions have had an impact on the epidemiologic pattern of HAV infection 8,9 in developing economies. Thus, previous studies showing a virtual universal infection to HAV before the age of 10 in developing areas, 2,4,[10][11][12] may no longer be valid for Latin America. Furthermore, information on seroprevalence patterns of HAV infection stratified by age, socioeconomic conditions, and social patterns in different Latin American countries is scattered.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Hepatitis A in Latin America: a changing epidemiologic pattern.

Tapia-Conyer

Santos²,

Cavalcanti³

et al. 1999

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

145

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Abstract. In a multicenter study, hepatitis A virus (HAV) seroprevalence was surveyed in six countries in Latin America in which in 12,000 subjects were stratified for age. The highest rates of seroprevalence were recorded in the Dominican Republic (89.0%) and Mexico (81.0%), with lower rates in Brazil (64.7%), Chile (58.1%), Venezuela (55.7%), and Argentina (55.0%). The seroprevalence of HAV in children between 1 and 5 years of age was less than 50%, except in the Dominican Republic. In the 5-10-year-old age group, seroprevalence rates have also decreased compared with previous reports. This suggests that the epidemiology is shifting from high to intermediate endemicity, with the population susceptible to HAV infection shifting from children to adolescents and adults. Furthermore, data from Brazil, Argentina, and Mexico show that HAV seroprevalence is significantly lower in people living in medium and high socioeconomic conditions. This study suggests the need for appropriate vaccination programs to be implemented targeting children, adolescents, and adults, particularly in higher socioeconomic groups.Hepatitis A virus (HAV) has a worldwide distribution and is the most frequent etiologic agent in cases of viral hepatitis in Latin America.

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confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3][4][5] The major route of transmission is the fecal-oral route, with hygiene levels and living conditions being major influences on the incidence of the disease. Different patterns of the prevalence of antibody to HAV have been described, with variations reflecting the level of economic development.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis A in Latin America: a changing epidemiologic pattern.

Tapia-Conyer

Santos²,

Cavalcanti³

et al. 1999

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

145

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In Costa Rica (Villarejos et al 1976) as well as in five Pacific Islands (Gust, Lehmann & Dimitrakakis, 1979) the maximal cross-infection is already reached by the tenth year of life. In several European countries, including Greece, as well as in the Melbourne area (Australia) maximal cross-infection is reached only after the 39th year (Gust, Lewis & Lehmann, 1978;Fr6sner et al 1979), i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis A virus infections in Voyvodina

Vuković

Roncević

Borota

et al. 1981

J. Hyg.

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SUMMARYSera of 1000 persons in Voyvodina were tested with radioimmunoassay for antibodies against hepatitis A virus (HAV).The morbidity and age incidence of positive findings have been analysed and compared with relevant findings in other countries. Below the age of 19 years the morbidity rates are higher (0.138 to 0 595 per mill) and the prevalences of seropositives are lower (17.1-64-0%) than the respective frequencies above that age (0.011 to 0-052 per mill and 85-7-98-7 % respectively). Below the first year of life seropositivity is more frequent than in 1-to 14-year old children. After the first year until the age of 30-39 years the frequency of seropositives increases with increasing age up to a maximum of about 90 %.

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“…19. Its relationship to the general socio-economic status of the population is better shown through the distribution of prevalence rates of hepatitis B virus markers according to the social classes within a country 15,17,18.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of antibody to hepatitis B virus in an urban population of northeast Brazil

Lyra

Damasceno

Cotrim

et al. 1986

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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SUMMARYA sample of 1,288 inhabitants of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, were submitted to the determination of anti-HBs using radioimmunoassay procedure, and analysed according to age, sex and income. Overall prevalence of anti-HBs was 11,8%. ranging from 6,7% among children aged less than three years old to 26,1% among those aged 30 years and older. Males presented prevalence of anti-HBs similar to female individuals, and those with a higher income showed frequencies of anti-HBs greater than those with a lower income level. The following conclusions were drawn: The high prevalence of anti-HBs observed among children suggests early contact with hepatitis B virus, possibly due to vertical transmission and intrafamiliar dissemination of the disease; the frequency of anti-HBs increases with age; the lower prevalence of anti-HBs among those with low income suggests that this group may present higher prevalence of carriers of the hepatitis B virus surface antigen.

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Seroepidemiologic Investigations of Human Hepatitis Caused by A, B, and a Possible Third Virus

Cited by 44 publications

References 2 publications

Hepatitis A in Latin America: a changing epidemiologic pattern.

Hepatitis A in Latin America: a changing epidemiologic pattern.

Hepatitis A virus infections in Voyvodina

Prevalence of antibody to hepatitis B virus in an urban population of northeast Brazil

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