Seroepidemiology of chronic hepatitis B and C in the French Caribbean Island of Guadeloupe

Gelu-Siméon, Moana; Pillas, Valérie; Deloumeaux, Jacqueline; Delacroix-Maillard, Hélène; Saint-Georges, G; Amaral, Léonardo; Borel, Marius; Laurent, M.; Gordien, Emmanuel; Saillard, Eric

doi:10.1186/1756-0500-7-55

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The estimated prevalence of HCV in the Caribbean was 1.5% with genotype 1 being the most dominant genotype (83%). Similar prevalence (1.5%-3.5%) has been seen in other regions considered to have moderate prevalence of HCV, including East, South and Southeast Asia, West and East Africa, North Africa, the Middle East, Southern and Tropical Latin America, Australasia, and Eastern Europe (4,(29)(30)(31)(32). In consideration of these data, the Caribbean region should therefore be considered an area of moderate HCV prevalence.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…Lesser Antilles In Guadeloupe, among a general clinic-based population, a low prevalence of HCV of 0.55% was found, this is in comparison to a prevalence of 0.8% found previously among blood donors; risk factors for HCV acquisition included gynecological surgery, endoscopy, tattoo, shaving, intravenous drug use (IVDU) and familial exposure (31).…”

Section: Prevalence Of Hcv In Special Populationscontrasting

confidence: 54%

“…A search of the literature revealed that across the Caribbean, published data on HCV were available from Cuba, Jamaica, Haiti, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico (Greater Antilles), Guadeloupe, and Martinique (From Lesser Antilles). The overall prevalence of 1.5% (with a viraemic rate of 70%) in the general population has been reported for HCV in the Caribbean with a range between 0.55% and 6.3% (29)(30)(31). Overall, genotype 1 was found to be the most predominant genotype (83%) in circulation in the Caribbean, followed by genotypes 2 (7.2%), 3 (2.1%), 4 (0.6%), 6 (0.1%), 5 (nil) respectively (4, 10-14, 24, 32, 33) (Table1).…”

Section: Regional Prevalence Of Hcvmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seroprevalence and Genotype Diversity of Hepatitis C Virus in the Caribbean - A Review

Brown¹,

Lindo²,

Nelson³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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INTRODUCTION There have been several advances in the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection which have resulted in major reductions in the morbidity and mortality from liver-associated disease. These are not widely available in the Caribbean, due in part, to lack of knowledge of the epidemiology of infections with HCV. As efforts are made to eliminate HCV from the region, these and other existing barriers such as lack of an established database on HCV must be addressed. This review seeks to identify gaps in the knowledge of HCV in the Caribbean with respect to seroprevalence, genotype distribution and general epidemiologic characteristics. MATERIALS AND METHODS The literature for the period January 1, 2005, to October 2022, was reviewed to gather country specific data on HCV across the Caribbean. References were identified through indexed journals accessed through established databases. The usage pattern of HCV drugs was determined from data obtained from Pharmacists and Infectious Diseases Specialists across the region. RESULTS The prevalence of HCV in the Caribbean was 1.5%; the region should therefore be considered an area of moderate prevalence. Notably, data from specific countries were limited. The prevalence of HCV among intravenous drug users (21.9-58.8%); persons living with HIV/AIDS (0.8 to 58.5%); prisoners (32.8-64%) and men who have sex with men (MSM) (0.8-6.9%) was generally higher than in the general population (0.8-2.3%). Genotype 1 (83% was most prevalent followed by genotypes 2 (7.2%) and 3(2.1%), respectively. Drugs currently being used for treatment of HCV infections across the Caribbean include Epclusa (Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir), and Harvoni (Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir). Some of these drugs, are only available in the private sector and are sourced externally whenever needed. CONCLUSION There is a paucity of current data on the seroprevalence of HCV in the Caribbean and well-designed prospective studies are indicated to drive the implementation of treatment and control programs for HCV in the region. Barriers which need to be first overcome include unavailability and high cost of drugs used to treat HCV infections, injecting drug use and limited access to medical care and laboratory testing.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Prevalence Of Hcv In Special Populationscontrasting

confidence: 54%

Section: Regional Prevalence Of Hcvmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seroprevalence and Genotype Diversity of Hepatitis C Virus in the Caribbean - A Review

Brown¹,

Lindo²,

Nelson³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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show abstract

“…This prevalence was calculated from the sum of data reported from the region divided by the number of countries within the region. Prevalence of HCV rates ranging between 0.55% and 6.3% have also been reported in the literature [ 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Seroprevalence and Genotype Diversity of Hepatitis C Virus in the Caribbean—A Review

et al. 2023

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Hepatitis C (HCV) continues to present a global public health challenge, with no vaccine available for prevention. Despite the availability of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) to cure HCV, it remains prevalent in many regions including the Caribbean. As efforts are made to eliminate HCV from the region, existing barriers, such as the high cost of DAAs and lack of an established database of HCV cases within the Caribbean, must be addressed. This review seeks to assess epidemiologic trends (seroprevalence and genotypic diversity) of HCV in the Caribbean and identify gaps in surveillance of the disease. The literature for the period 1 January 2005 to October 2022 was reviewed to gather country-specific data on HCV across the Caribbean. References were identified through indexed journals accessed through established databases using the following keywords: Caribbean, genotype distribution, and general epidemiologic characteristics. The usage pattern of HCV drugs was determined from information obtained from pharmacists across the Caribbean including Jamaica. The prevalence of HCV in the Caribbean was 1.5%; the region should therefore be considered an area of moderate HCV prevalence. The prevalence of HCV among intravenous drug users (21.9–58.8%), persons living with HIV/AIDS (0.8 to 58.5%), prisoners (32.8–64%), and men who have sex with men (MSM) (0.8–6.9%) was generally higher than in the general population (0.8–2.3%). Genotype 1 (83%) was most prevalent followed by genotypes 2 (7.2%) and 3 (2.1%), respectively. Less than 50% of countries in the Caribbean have reliable or well-curated surveillance data on HCV. Drugs currently being used for treatment of HCV infections across the Caribbean include Epclusa (sofosbuvir/velpatasvir) and Harvoni (ledipasvir/sofosbuvir). Some of these drugs are only available in the private sector and are sourced externally whenever needed. While trends point to a potentially higher prevalence of HCV, it will require well-designed random surveys to obtain better estimates of the infection seroprevalence, supported by strong public health laboratory systems. DAAs that are pan-genotypic should translate into treatments that are affordable, accessible, and available to improve cure rates and reduce the HCV burden in the population.

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“…The last past ten years, HBV prevalence has decreased from 3% to 1.5% [3], due to the effectiveness of anti-HBV vaccination campaigns and to systematic screening of HBV status of the women during pregnancy and thus, preventing mother to child transmission [4]. However, HBV remains the first cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Guadeloupe, with a standardized incidence of 3.6 and 2.0 per 100,000 persons per year in men and women, respectively [5 personal communication,6].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma is still a matter of concern in the French Caribbean Island of Guadeloupe

Benard

Lafrance

Gordien

et al. 2021

Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology

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Seroepidemiology of chronic hepatitis B and C in the French Caribbean Island of Guadeloupe

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

Seroprevalence and Genotype Diversity of Hepatitis C Virus in the Caribbean - A Review

Seroprevalence and Genotype Diversity of Hepatitis C Virus in the Caribbean - A Review

Seroprevalence and Genotype Diversity of Hepatitis C Virus in the Caribbean—A Review

Hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma is still a matter of concern in the French Caribbean Island of Guadeloupe

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