Seroepidemiology of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis infection in unvaccinated cattle

Abstract

Aim:The present study aimed to investigate the seroepidemiology of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) infection in the non-vaccinated cattle population in northern part of Tamil Nadu, India.Materials and Methods:A total of 255 sera samples were collected from cattle having the history of respiratory and reproductive disorder from cattle of different age, breeds, and sex. All the sera samples were subjected to indirect ELISA for the diagnosis of IBR antibodies.Results:Results revealed that the seroprevalence of IBR infection among non-vaccinated cattle population was of 65.88%. No significant difference was noticed in the prevalence of IBR infection between cattle showing respiratory (63.64%) and reproductive form (70.89%) (p≥0.05). A higher prevalence was noticed in animals above 3 years of age (59.60%) and in crossbred animals (71.26%) than young and non-descript animals. This study showed the higher prevalence of IBR infection in female (67.92%) than in male (33.33%).Conclusion:Cattle population in this part can better be protected with vaccination than leaving them unvaccinated and sero-monitoring shall have to be stressed with regular attempts to isolate and characterize the causative agent for IBR.

Serological and Molecular Identification of Infectious Bovine Rhinotrachetitis Virus Isolation and Adaptation in Embryonated Chicken Eggs

“…Found lower percentages than the present study with results of 53.84% and the same percentage with the present study for nasal swabs (44%) were recorded [35]. However, BHV-1 infected monolayer was had CPE which includes rounding, aggregation, syncytia formation as in Figures 2A-2C with infectivity titers was 10 6.4 and result is in agreement with [32,33]. Isolation of BHV-1 from serologically positive apparently healthy cattle and buffaloes are important where they provide useful and reliable methods for indication of prevalence of infection [34].…”

“…BHV-1 isolated from nasal and ocular swabs samples and produce small and large pock lesions showed higher infectivity titer 10 6.4 /ml. Isolation BHV-1 from samples collected from dairy herds showed genital form of infection by inoculation on CAM of ECE, from nasal ocular discharge from cattle and buffaloes as in Tables 1 and 2 may be explain that infection of these animals by high doses of virulent BHV-1 and this explanation is agree with [33]. Who said that although sensory neurons in the trigeminal ganglia are the primary site of BHV-1, latency, viral genomes are detected in the tonsils of the latently infected calves and stress factors resulted in activation from site of latency [34].…”

Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with bovine herpesvirus 1 in Northeast of Algiers

“…However, the present BoHV-1 seroprevalence levels are lower than the 90% reported in humid tropics of Mexico [24]. Seroprevalences of BoHV-1 in the literature are in the range of 7.5–70.89% [4,25,26] These high figures indicate a wide geographical distribution of the disease and its level of presence on European beef farms. The present BoHV-1 seroprevalence indicates the wide distribution of the infection in the northeast of Algeria.…”

“…Jain et al [39] also reported in Uttarakhand greater prevalence of BoHV-1 antibodies in females (12.35%) than males (5.80%), which was evident even at the species level for both cattle and buffaloes. Saravanajayam et al [25] also observed higher prevalence of IBR antibodies in female (67.92%) than in male (33.33%). Vipul et al .…”

Seroprevalence and risk factor associated with respiratory viral pathogens in dual-purpose cattle of Aguachica, Rio de Oro, and La Gloria municipalities in Cesar department, Colombia

“…For this reason, the seroprevalence of BHV-1 in cows may reflect the proportion of BHV-1 carriers because, after a primary infection, the virus stays latent in neural ganglions that innervate genital or respiratory mucosae and maybe re-excreted on immuno-suppressive stimuli, such stress after shipment and calving [36]. With respect, the sex, the high prevalence in female might be attributed to the use of infected bulls for natural service and infected semen for artificial insemination [39]. The fact that animals were not vaccinated and that all age-groups had high seroprevalence indicates that the viral pathogens respiratory are naturally circulating in this population.…”