Seroepidemiology study of cytomegalovirus and rubella among pregnant women at St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Mamuye, Yeshwondm; Nigatu, Balkachew; Bekele, Delayehu; Getahun, Mekonen

doi:10.4314/ejhs.v26i5.4

Cited by 13 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…We accessed 11 full articles reporting the prevalence of CMV in pregnancy in Africa. Of the 11 studies, two were conducted in North Africa (both in Egypt [29,30]), four in West Africa (one in each of Gambia [31] and Ghana [32], two in Nigeria [33,34]), four in East Africa (one in each of the following countries; Ethiopia [35], Kenya [36], Sudan [37] and Tanzania [38]); and one in Southern Africa (Malawi) [39].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Four of the 11 studies investigated CMV seropositivity as a risk factor for history of recurrent spontaneous abortion [29,35,[37][38]. CMV seropositivity was reported to be significantly associated with history of spontaneous abortion in the Tanzanian study, both in univariate (OR = 5.6, 95% CI 1.3-24.2, p < 0.02) and multivariate analysis (OR = 5.2, 95% CI 1.1-24.4, p = 0.038) [38].…”

Section: Recurrent Spontaneous Abortionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiology of Cytomegalovirus among pregnant women in Africa

Mhandire

Rowland‐Jones

Mhandire

et al. 2019

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Vertical transmission of Cytomegalovirus (CMV), resulting in congenital CMV (cCMV) infection could have disabling and potentially fatal effects on the foetus or neonate. Although primary infection probably has a higher risk of leading to cCMV, in highly seropositive populations, a significant risk of vertical transmission is thought to be due to CMV reactivation and or reinfection during pregnancy. In this narrative review, we summarise the prevalence of CMV infection and associated risk factors among pregnant African women, in a setting where primary CMV infection usually occurs during infancy. Methodology: A systematic search of literature published between January 2000 and January 2019, retrieved on five bibliographic databases was performed. Search for relevant articles was performed using the following keywords: cytomegalovirus, CMV, infection, antenatal infections, pregnancy, pregnant women, gravidity, developing countries and Africa, with appropriate qualifiers such as OR, AND. Results: Systematic searching retrieved 11 relevant original research papers. Prevalence of anti-CMV IgG and IgM antibodies ranged from 60-100% and 0-15.5%, respectively. Prevalence of CMV DNA ranged from 0-29%, depending on the specimen used. However, there was no geographic trend for CMV seroprevalence or CMV DNA prevalence across the African continent. Overall, a substantial percentage of women of reproductive-age were CMV seronegative and at risk of primary infection. Associations of sociodemographic factors with CMV infection were inconsistent across all reviewed studies. Conclusions: The limited data and inconsistency of findings from the few studies carried out in Africa calls for prospective studies comparing prevalence and outcomes of cCMV in infants born to women with both primary and reactivated CMV in Africa.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Recurrent Spontaneous Abortionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Cytomegalovirus among pregnant women in Africa

Mhandire

Rowland‐Jones

Mhandire

et al. 2019

J Infect Dev Ctries

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“…[22][23][24] The seroprevalence of anti-CMV IgG was 94.70% in 2887 pregnant women in China. [25] Out of 200 pregnant women, 88.5% were CMV IgG positive in Ethiopia, [26] 46.8% in France, [27] 56.3% in Finland, [28] and 60% in the United States. [29] It seems that the prevalence of CMV infection observed in the present study was similar to that reported in other developing communities but higher than in the developed one.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella and Cytomegalovirus Among Pregnant Refugees and Turkish Women: A Retrospective Comparative Study

Altunal¹

2018

South Clin Ist Euras

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Objective:To evaluate the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii, rubella, and cytomegalovirus (CMV) among pregnant Turkish women as well as Syrian refugees in Istanbul. Methods:Among pregnant women who were admitted to the Esenler , antibodies against T. gondii, rubella, and CMV were measured using the micro-ELISA method. The test results were evaluated retrospectively. Results:Out of a total of 1066 pregnant women screened in the present study, 963 (90.3%) were Turkish, and 103 (9.7%) were Syrian refugees. IgM positivity rates of T. gondii, rubella, and CMV were determined as 0.2%, 0%, and 0.2% in Turkish women and 0.1%, 0%, and 0% in Syrian refugees, whereas IgG positivity rates were determined as 26.3%, 93.8%, and 99.5% in Turkish women and 58.3%, 87.4%, and 100% in Syrian refugees. The seroprevalence of T. gondii was lower, and rubella was higher among pregnant Turkish women and among pregnant Syrian refugees and statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion:Since immunity against T. gondii in pregnant Turkish women is lower than that in Syrian refugees who are in the reproductive age group, routine screening should be conducted. Immunization against rubella should be considered for Syrian refugees who are in the reproductive age group.

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“…They concluded that 15.5% of the studied pregnant women were positive for IgM and 88.5% were IgG positive. No significantly associated risk factors were identified [5]. Another study conducted in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia tested for species-specific CMV IgG among Ethiopian workers plying their trade and revealed 88.9% prevalence among 72 samples tested.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…A study on maternal CMV and Rubella infections in Addis Ababa concluded that 15.5% of pregnant women studied were IgM positive for CMV while 88.5% were IgG positive [5]. Testing for species-specific CMV IgG among Ethiopian workers in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia revealed an 88.9% prevalence among 72 samples tested [6].…”

Section: Introduction and Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%