Serologic Prevalence of Q Fever in the State of Punjab, India

Randhawa, A. S.; Dhillon, S. S.; Jolley, Weldon B.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a121490

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…One report from India found no evidence (using a PCR IS 1111 assay) of C. burnetii in goat and chicken meat in a study assessing the risk of C. burnetii transmission to humans from animal origin food sources (Malik et al., 2013). Australia has highly accessible annual Q fever notification rates (NNDSS‐Australian Government, 2015), while in India Q fever is not notifiable, disease is reported infrequently and seroprevalence studies are not current (Joshi, Padbidri, Rodrigues, & Gupta, 1979;Randhawa, Dhillon, & Jolley, 1973). Due to the technical difficulties, expenses and high risks associated with the culturing requirements of C. burnetii , the current molecular study focused on determining whether C. burnetii DNA could be detected in raw meat of mainly kangaroo origin produced only for pet consumption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular detection of Coxiella burnetii in raw meat intended for pet consumption

Shapiro

Bosward

Mathews

et al. 2020

Zoonoses and Public Health

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The discovery of antibodies against Coxiella burnetii in cattery-confined breeding cats indicating prior or current exposure (Shapiro et al., 2015) prompted an investigation into possible sources of infection. One hypothesis was that raw meat diets containing reservoir species may provide a source of C. burnetii transmission. The aim of this pilot study was to determine whether C. burnetii DNA was present in raw meat sold exclusively for companion animal consumption. The sample population consisted of raw meat packages (n = 58) of primarily kangaroo origin, with three to four aliquots (50-120 mg) randomly selected from each package. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole tissue in each of these aliquots using a modified protocol.Three quantitative PCR assays were used for the detection of C. burnetii targeting the IS1111 gene, the heat shock operon htpAB and the C. burnetii outer membrane protein-coding gene, com1. Coxiella burnetii DNA was detected in 25/58 samples (43%) using the IS1111, htpAB and/or com1 PCR assays and confirmed by DNA sequencing.All samples amplifying a product in the com1 assay also amplified a product in the htpAB and IS1111 assays. A total of 17/58 (29%) packets were positive with all three genes, 4/58 (7%) were positive with two genes (IS1111 and htpAB) and 4/58 (7%) were positive with the IS1111 gene only. Coxiella burnetii DNA was five times more likely to be found in offal than skeletal muscle meat samples. All meat samples in which C. burnetii DNA was found were from kangaroo tissues, while samples labelled as non-kangaroo meat (n = 4) were negative. Multi-locus variable number of tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) identified three different genotypes of C. burnetii that have all been identified previously from Australian human clinical Q fever cases. Further investigations are required to determine the potential role of certain raw meats in the transmission of C. burnetii to cats and humans. K E Y W O R D Scats and dogs, Coxiella burnetii, kangaroo, pet food, Q fever, quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR), raw meat

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular detection of Coxiella burnetii in raw meat intended for pet consumption

Shapiro

Bosward

Mathews

et al. 2020

Zoonoses and Public Health

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“…Human cases of Q fever were reported as early as 1979 in Rajasthan using a complement fixation test [ 28 ]. Reports of Q fever in humans and animals have been received from various states of India including Haryana, Punjab, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Orissa and Delhi [ 5 , 29 ]. More recently, human cases have been reported from Puducherry, India, using qPCR methods [ 30 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Molecular Detection of Bacterial Infections of Public Health Importance in Hard Tick (Ixodidae) Nymphs Collected from the Forest Fringes of Western Ghats in the Goa, Karnataka and Maharashtra States of India

Ragini,

Raju,

Krishnamoorthi

et al. 2023

Microorganisms

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A survey was conducted to determine the human tick-borne bacterial infections in the nymphs which were collected from Western Ghats’ fringe forest areas. Tick nymphs were collected using the flagging method from the villages where cases Kyasanur Forest Disease (KFD) were previously reported in the states of Goa, Karnataka and Maharashtra. A total of 200 tick pools consisting of 4587 nymphs were tested by PCR for the detection of bacteria of public health importance, such as Coxiella burnetii and Rickettsia spp. Of these, four pools (4.8%) in Karnataka and three pools (4.4%) in Maharashtra were positive for Coxiella burnetii, while none of the samples from Goa state were positive. Rickettsia spp. were positively obtained from Maharashtra (51.5%), Goa (35.42%) and Karnataka (26.19%). The sequence results of Rickettsia spp. showed similarity to the spotted fever group Candidatus Rickettsia shennongii, Rickettsia conorii subsp. heilongjiangensis and Rickettsia spp. strain koreansis. Individuals are entering into the forest areas for various reasons are more likely to infect with Coxiella burnetii. and Rickettsia spp.

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“…Since then, the disease has been reported in several studies in India and an increasing trend in prevalence is reported, outlining C . burnetii as a potential threat to public health [ 16 , 20 – 25 ]. Reported prevalence estimates from studies in India, conducted in a frequentist framework, assume that the applied diagnostic tests have perfect DSe and DSp or imperfect, but known, measures of test accuracy [ 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the sensitivity and specificity of three diagnostic tests for Coxiella burnetii infection in cattle and buffaloes in Punjab (India) using Bayesian latent class analysis

et al. 2022

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Q Fever is a zoonotic disease of significant animal and public health concern, caused by Coxiella burnetii (C. burnetii), an obligate intracellular bacterium. This study was done to evaluate the diagnostic sensitivity (DSe) and diagnostic specificity (DSp) of three diagnostic methods to diagnose C. burnetii infection in cattle and buffaloes in Punjab, India: an indirect ELISA method applied in serum samples and a trans-Polymerase Chain Reaction (trans-PCR) technique applied in milk samples and genital swabs, using a Bayesian latent class analysis. Conditional independence was assumed between the tests, given (i) the different biological principle of ELISA and trans-PCR and (ii) the fact that the trans-PCR was performed on different tissues. The ELISA method in the serum samples showed the highest DSe of 0.97 (95% Probability Intervals (PIs): 0.93; 0.99) compared to the trans-PCR method applied in milk samples 0.76 (0.63; 0.87) and genital swabs 0.73 (0.58; 0.85). The DSps of all tests were high, with trans-PCR in genital swabs recording the highest DSp of 0.99 (0.98; 1), while the DSp of trans-PCR in milk samples and ELISA in serum samples were 0.97 (0.95; 0.99) and 0.95 (0.93; 0.97) respectively. The study results show that none of the applied tests are perfect, therefore, a testing regimen based on the diagnostic characteristic of the tests may be considered for diagnosis of C. burnetii.

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Serologic Prevalence of Q Fever in the State of Punjab, India

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Molecular detection of Coxiella burnetii in raw meat intended for pet consumption

Molecular detection of Coxiella burnetii in raw meat intended for pet consumption

The Molecular Detection of Bacterial Infections of Public Health Importance in Hard Tick (Ixodidae) Nymphs Collected from the Forest Fringes of Western Ghats in the Goa, Karnataka and Maharashtra States of India

Evaluation of the sensitivity and specificity of three diagnostic tests for Coxiella burnetii infection in cattle and buffaloes in Punjab (India) using Bayesian latent class analysis

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