Serological Evidence of Bluetongue in Iran: A Meta-Analysis Study

Hassani, Masoud; Madadgar, Omid

doi:10.17582/journal.vsrr/2021/7.1.1.13

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Clinical and gross pathological findings observed in this study were similar to other studies (Constable et al., 2016; Hassani & Madadgar, 2020). The incubation period of BT is 4–20 days (Azimi et al., 2009).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…BTV infects a wide range of wild and domestic ruminants. Sheep is the most sensitive ruminant, and infection with BTV causes a variety of clinical signs in this species (Hassani & Madadgar, 2020; Maclachlan et al., 2015). A century ago, BT was regarded as a disease of sheep in Southern Africa.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Common clinical signs of BT include depression, anorexia, fever, tachypnea, excessive salivation, hyperaemia of the lips and nostrils, nasal discharge, oedema of the tongue and lips, submandibular oedema, necrotic ulcers on the tongue, cyanotic tongue that may protrude from the mouth, lameness and recumbency due to foot lesions (laminitis and coronitis) (Hassani & Madadgar, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…BT is a notifiable disease of the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) as ‘A’ list of diseases, because of considerable morbidity and mortality rates (Hassani & Madadgar, 2020; Saminathan et al., 2020). This report describes the first documented clinical presentation of BT in sheep from Iran.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bluetongue outbreak in a sheep flock from Iran

Jahanroshan,

Dalir‐Naghadeh,

Lotfollahzadeh

et al. 2023

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Bluetongue virus (BTV) is an arthropodborne Orbivirus that belongs to the Reoviridae family. Bluetongue is one of the most important diseases of sheep. A flock of 300 Lacon sheep just arrived from France, located in the countryside of Qazvin city, Iran, was examined, in August 2022. In history taking and clinical examination, submandibular oedema (216/300, 72%), fever (216/300, 72%), inappetence (216/300, 72%), stomatitis (216/300, 72%), nasal discharge (90/300, 30%) and lameness (30/300, 10%) were recorded. Foot‐and‐mouth disease, bluetongue (BT), contagious ecthyma and peste des petits ruminants were the most important differential diagnosis with reference to clinical signs. Tongue scraping samples from four clinically affected sheep were sent to the laboratory for PCR tests and, in all of them, BTV was detected. The affected flock had a history of vaccination with an attenuated live vaccine in the previous 4 months. The morbidity rate, mortality rate and case fatality rate were 72% (216/300), 7% (21/300) and 9.7% (21/216), respectively. This report is the first documented clinical form of BT in sheep from Iran.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Bluetongue outbreak in a sheep flock from Iran

Jahanroshan,

Dalir‐Naghadeh,

Lotfollahzadeh

et al. 2023

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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“…Bluetongue (BT), an emerging and re-emerging vector-borne disease (VBD) transmitted by insect vector species of the genus Culicoides, is caused by different serotypes of non-enveloped double-stranded RNA viruses in the Orbivirus genus of the Reoviridae family. Infection with Bluetongue virus (BTV) is reported in wild and domestic ruminants and can generate serious economic consequences ( Talavera et al ., 2015 ; Ben Hassine et al ., 2017 ; Hassani et al ., 2020 ). In addition to the 24 well-known serotypes of BTV, other atypical novels BTV serotypes have been described and reported throughout the world (Schulz et al ., 2008; Rupner et al ., 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Eco-Climatic Factors in the Distribution of Bluetongue in Endemic Areas in Tunisia

Hassine¹,

Sghaier²,

Sarah³

et al. 2022

Open Vet J

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Background: Bluetongue (BT) is an important infectious, non-contagious, OIE-listed viral disease of domestic and wild ruminants. The disease is transmitted among susceptible animals by a few species of an insect vector in the genus Culicoides . Recently, during the fall of 2020 (September and October), a Bluetongue virus-4 epizootic marked the epidemiological situation in several delegations of Tunisia with clinical cases recorded in sheep and cattle. Aim: Determine the eco-climatic variables most likely associated with delegations reporting BT cases. Methods: A logistic regression model (LRM) was used to examine which eco-climatic variables were most likely associated with delegations reporting BT cases. Results: Based on the LRM, our findings demonstrated that the key factors contributing significantly to BT cases’ distribution among delegations in Tunisia included day land surface temperatures (DLST), night land surface temperatures (NLST) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). A positive correlation between sheep distribution and rainfall amounts was demonstrated. Statistical analysis focusing on the most affected delegations during the BT epidemic (the Sahel and the Centre of Tunisia) demonstrated that the epidemic situation seems to be a consequence of the combination of the following environmental parameters: NDVI with values ranging between 0.16 and 0.2, moderate rainfall 2–4-fold above the normal (10–50 mm) and DLST values between 32°C and 34°C in September. Conclusion: These findings suggest and develop a robust and efficient early warning surveillance program in risk areas based on eco-climatic risk factors.

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