Serological Evidence of Coxiella burnetii Infection in Wild Animals in Japan

Ejercito, Castor Leo A.; Liu, Cai; Htwe, Khin Khin; Taki, Michihiro; Inoshima, Yasuo; Kondo, Tadasuke; Kano, Chiaki; Abe, Satomi; Shirota, Kinya; Sugimoto, Tomoaki; Yamaguchi, Tsuyoshi; Fukushi, Hideto; Minamoto, Nobuyuki; Kinjo, Toshio; Isogai, Emiko; Hirai, Katsuya

doi:10.7589/0090-3558-29.3.481

Cited by 76 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In Japan, 16.5% of cats and 11.9% of dogs have been reported to be positive for C. burnetii antibody (6,15). Ejercito et al reported that 11 wild animal species in Japan had antibody to C. burnetii (3). Furthermore, we have found 26% of cattle having the antibody and have isolated C. burnetii from 37% of milk samples of the cattle (unpublished data).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Isolation of Coxiella burnetii from Children with Influenza‐Like Symptoms in Japan

Nagaoka

Akiyama

Sugieda

et al. 1996

Microbiology and Immunology

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The prevalence of Coxiella burnetii antibodies was investigated by indirect immunofluorescence (IF) test in 55 paired sera (acute and convalescent phases) of school children who had influenza-like symptoms. Of the convalescent serum samples examined, 18 (32.7%) sera reacted positively to phase II antigen of C. burnetii. Coxiella-like organism was isolated from the sera of 13 children after injection of the 18 acute phase sera into mice. The organism was identified as C. burnetii by Giemsa staining and the IF antigen test of mouse spleen smears, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, electron microscopic observations of the mouse spleen cells, and the IF antibody test of mouse sera. This is the first report of isolation of C. burnetii from serum specimens of children having influenza-like symptoms. The evidence that C. burnetii was isolated from people indigenous to Japan at a considerably high incidence suggested that C. burnetii may be widespread as a cause of influenza-like symptoms in Japan.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Isolation of Coxiella burnetii from Children with Influenza‐Like Symptoms in Japan

Nagaoka

Akiyama

Sugieda

et al. 1996

Microbiology and Immunology

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“…The only population surveyed in central Portugal could not be associated with any wild ungulate favorability index and was not considered for risk factor analyses. Red deer, roe deer, and wild boar have been found to be infected by C. burnetii previously (36,37,38). No favorability indices for any other potential wild host of C. burnetii are available for the study area.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host and Environmental Factors Modulate the Exposure of Free-Ranging and Farmed Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) to Coxiella burnetii

González‐Barrio

Ávila

Boadella³

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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fThe control of multihost pathogens, such as Coxiella burnetii, should rely on accurate information about the roles played by the main hosts. We aimed to determine the involvement of the red deer (Cervus elaphus) in the ecology of C. burnetii. We predicted that red deer populations from broad geographic areas within a European context would be exposed to C. burnetii, and therefore, we hypothesized that a series of factors would modulate the exposure of red deer to C. burnetii. To test this hypothesis, we designed a retrospective survey of 47 Iberian red deer populations from which 1,751 serum samples and 489 spleen samples were collected. Sera were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) in order to estimate exposure to C. burnetii, and spleen samples were analyzed by PCR in order to estimate the prevalence of systemic infections. Thereafter, we gathered 23 variables-within environmental, host, and management factors-potentially modulating the risk of exposure of deer to C. burnetii, and we performed multivariate statistical analyses to identify the main risk factors. Twenty-three populations were seropositive (48.9%), and C. burnetii DNA in the spleen was detected in 50% of the populations analyzed. The statistical analyses reflect the complexity of C. burnetii ecology and suggest that although red deer may maintain the circulation of C. burnetii without third species, the most frequent scenario probably includes other wild and domestic host species. These findings, taken together with previous evidence of C. burnetii shedding by naturally infected red deer, point at this wild ungulate as a true reservoir for C. burnetii and an important node in the life cycle of C. burnetii, at least in the Iberian Peninsula.C oxiella burnetii is a Gram-negative intracellular bacterium that causes Q fever, a disease that affects both humans and animals. Whereas the epidemiological status of C. burnetii in European domestic ruminants is well known (1), information for wildlife is mostly local and scattered (2, 3). Although the majority of human Q fever outbreaks are linked to the transmission of C. burnetii from domestic ruminants (4, 5), the ability of C. burnetii to infect wild hosts (3, 6) and its high environmental resistance (1) make wildlife species potential reservoirs of C. burnetii. Based on this hypothesis, wildlife could maintain C. burnetii and transmit it to wildlife (7), domestic animals (8), or humans (9). It is therefore of paramount relevance (i) to identify those potential wild reservoir species that could, through direct and indirect interactions, transmit C. burnetii to target species (domestic animals and humans) and (ii) to determine which environmental factors are the main drivers of C. burnetii within the most relevant wild reservoirs. Efficient prevention of C. burnetii transmission at the wildlifedomestic-animal-human interface can be approached only once the main reservoirs have been identified and the driving risk factors are known (10).Several wild ruminant species are present and wel...

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“…Em cativeiro estes animais recebem como alimentação uma ração diária semelhante ao dos gatos domésticos e furões. Eles possuem hábitos noturnos, podendo às vezes, ser ativo durante o dia (Labate et al 2001, Rodrigues et al 2007, Bellatine et al 2010, tornando-se veiculadores de zoonoses tais como o vírus da CDV canina (cinomose) (Machida 1993) e Coxiella burnetii (Ejercito et al 1993).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Estudo morfológico dos órgãos genitais masculinos do guaxinim (Procyon cancrivorus)

et al. 2011

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Foram utilizados três animais, sendo um proveniente da Universidade de São Paulo e dois encaminhados pelo IBAMA (Proc. 02027.000.286/2004-92), excedente populacional de zoológico. Os aparelhos reprodutores masculinos "ex situ" foram fixados por imersão e dissecados. Foram retirados fragmentos de cada órgão e glândula anexa do aparelho reprodutor, os quais foram processados e incluídos pelas técnicas de inclusão em paraplast. Cada bloco foi cortado e os cortes foram corados por HE, picrosírius, reação de PAS com fundo de hematoxilina e tricromo de masson para a observação das estruturas ao microscópio óptico. Macroscopicamente, a região inguinal era composta pela uretra, músculo isquiocavernoso, músculos bulboesponjoso e bulbo cavernoso, músculo retrator do pênis, um par de testículos e o osso peniano ou báculo e ânus. A glande do pênis apresentou uma dilatação proximal (bulbo da glande) constituída pela parte dilatada do báculo. A posição dos testículos, dentro do escroto, era horizontal. A próstata apresentou-se com formato globoso, circundando a uretra. Microscopicamente, os testículos eram envoltos por uma cápsula de tecido conjuntivo denso, a túnica albugínea testicular. O ducto epididimário era provido de um epitélio pseudoestratificado com estereocílios. A uretra peniana apresentou-se circundada pelo corpo esponjoso e no restante do pênis apresentou o corpo cavernoso (tecido erétil). Os resultados macro e microscópicos encontrados até o momento são semelhantes aos achados no Canis familiaris (cão doméstico).

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Serological Evidence of Coxiella burnetii Infection in Wild Animals in Japan

Cited by 76 publications

References 6 publications

Isolation of Coxiella burnetii from Children with Influenza‐Like Symptoms in Japan

Isolation of Coxiella burnetii from Children with Influenza‐Like Symptoms in Japan

Host and Environmental Factors Modulate the Exposure of Free-Ranging and Farmed Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) to Coxiella burnetii

Estudo morfológico dos órgãos genitais masculinos do guaxinim (Procyon cancrivorus)

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