Serological evidence of Japanese encephalitis virus infection in pigs in a low human incidence state, Goa, India

Abstract

The change in the total livestock population over past 3 livestock censuses is depicted below: CattleThe total cattle population is 9.59 million numbers in the state. There is a 14.50% decrease in number of cattle during the inter census period (2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012).The above graph shows that the total exotic/crossbreed cattle population has increased from 1.10 million in 2003 to 2.39millionin census-2012. The indigenous cattle population has decreased from 8.19 million in 2003 to 7.19 million in 2012.The exotic/crossbred and indigenous cattle population has shown percentage changes of 26.34% and -22.81% respectively during the inter censuses period (2007-2012).

Serum banks for serological survey of SARS-CoV-2 and emerging infectious diseases

“…Besides the SARS-CoV-2, the samples from the serum bank should be used for serological studies of other emerging infectious diseases in the future (Ayouba et al 2019;Barua et al 2021;Kumar et al 2020). The establishment of serum banks should consider the following three points.…”

Comment on: Rabies‐infected dogs at slaughterhouses: A potential risk of rabies transmission via dog trading and butchering activities in Vietnam

“…The establishment of serum banks should consider the following three points. First, the samples should be collected from people, animals and bats from different regions and times, especially the remaining serum samples from the previous serological surveys (Ayouba et al, 2019;Barua et al, 2021;Deng et al, 2020;Kumar et al, 2020). Second, the serum samples should be evaluated using formulated exclusion and inclusion criteria before being included in the serum bank.…”

“…To preserve the remaining serum samples and ensure the stability of anti-viral antibodies in storage serum samples, we strongly suggest that standard serum banks should be established. Besides rabies, the samples from the serum bank should be used for serological studies of other infectious diseases in the future (Ayouba et al, 2019;Barua et al, 2021;Kumar et al, 2020).…”

Spatio‐temporal epidemiology of Japanese encephalitis virus infection in pig populations of eastern Uttar Pradesh, India, 2013–2022

“…It would therefore be expected that unlike IgM seroprevalence, IgG seroprevalence in pig populations would increase with age. Sero‐surveillance of pig populations can therefore be an important component of JEV surveillance to estimate the risk of zoonotic transmission and guide prevention strategies including mosquito control, bite prevention, and human or pig vaccination programmes (Duong et al., 2011; Kumar et al., 2020; Ruget et al., 2018). Despite this, few JEV studies have investigated the use of sero‐surveillance of JEV in pigs.…”