Serological, intradermal and live flea challenge tests in the assessment of hypersensitivity to flea antigens in cats (Felis domesticus)

Bond, R.; Hutchinson, M. J.; Loeffler, Anette

doi:10.1007/s00436-006-0163-6

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Historically, several methods have been proposed for confirming the diagnosis of FAD, including intradermal injection with either whole-body flea extract or extract of flea salivary antigens; serological testing to identify IgE specific for either fleas or flea saliva; evaluation of basophil activation after challenge with flea extracts; and live flea challenge exposures. [74][75][76][77] Of these, live flea challenge most closely mimics the clinical scenario and thus would be expected to be the most "specific" method of supporting a diagnosis of FAD. However, this method requires some skill and infrastructure to be performed successfully, and a live flea challenge would not be practical or ethical in clinical practice.…”

Section: Flea Allergy Dermatitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical signs and diagnosis of feline atopic syndrome: detailed guidelines for a correct diagnosis

Santoro

Pucheu‐Haston

Prost

et al. 2021

Veterinary Dermatology

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Background-Feline atopic syndrome (FAS) describes a spectrum of hypersensitivity disorders characterised by highly diverse clinical presentations including skin, gastrointestinal and respiratory systems. Among these disorders is feline atopic skin syndrome (FASS), in which hypersensitivity is typically associated with environmental allergens, although food allergy may coexist. Involvement of other organ systems (e.g. asthma) also may occur. Because of its highly heterogeneous clinical presentation, diagnosis of FASS can be challenging. Objectives-A subgroup of the International Committee on Allergic Diseases of Animals was tasked to summarise the most current information on the clinical presentations of FASS and to develop diagnostic guidelines. Methods and materials-Online citation databases and abstracts from international meetings were searched for publications related to feline allergic conditions. These were combined with expert opinion where necessary. Results-A total of 107 publications relevant to this review were identified. Compilation of these data enabled development of a detailed description of the clinical features of FASS and development of guidelines focusing on systematic elimination of other skin conditions with similar clinical characteristics. As allergen tests are frequently used by dermatologists to support a clinical diagnosis of FASS, a brief review of these methodologies was also performed. Conclusions and clinical importance-In a similar way to atopic dermatitis in dogs, FASS is a clinical diagnosis based on the presence of compatible clinical signs and exclusion of other diseases with similar clinical features. Elimination or exclusion of fleas/flea allergy, other parasites, infections and food allergy is mandatory before reaching a diagnosis of FASS.

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Section: Flea Allergy Dermatitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical signs and diagnosis of feline atopic syndrome: detailed guidelines for a correct diagnosis

Santoro

Pucheu‐Haston

Prost

et al. 2021

Veterinary Dermatology

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“…Flea allergy is the most common allergy in the cat. In one study, the majority of cats reacting to a live flea challenge also showed an immediate hypersensitivity on intradermal testing with flea extracts from three manufacturers (55), although only a few reacted to the extracts of all manufacturers. Delayed-type reactions after 24 and 48 h were observed in fewer cats, again not often uniformly reacting to the extracts of all manufacturers (55).…”

Section: Allergens In Feline Medicinementioning

confidence: 99%

Allergens in veterinary medicine

Mueller

Janda

Jensen‐Jarolim

et al. 2015

Allergy

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Allergic diseases in animals are increasingly gaining importance in veterinary practice and as research models. For intradermal testing and allergen immunotherapy, a good knowledge of relevant allergens for the individual species is of great importance. Currently, the knowledge about relevant veterinary allergens is based on sensitization rates identified by intradermal testing or serum testing for allergen‐specific IgE; crude extracts are the basis for most evaluations. Only a few studies provide evidence about the molecular structure of (particularly) dust mite, insect and mould allergens in dogs and horses, respectively. In those species, some major allergens differ from those in humans. This position paper summarizes the current knowledge about relevant allergens in dogs, cats and horses.

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“…Laffort et al [ 9 ] suggested that skin tests with pure flea saliva provided the best correlation between the clinical approach to FAD diagnosis and intradermal reactivity. In cats, Bond et al [ 13 ] compared the results of a serological test and intradermal reactivity with different commercially available C. felis antigens. A challenge with living fleas was used to assess the presence or absence of sensitization to C. felis .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A challenge with living fleas was used to assess the presence or absence of sensitization to C. felis . Considering this “gold standard”, Bond et al [ 13 ] were able to calculate the sensitivity of the serological test (0.88) and that of the intradermal tests (0–0.33).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Usefulness of a topical combination of dinotefuran and pyriproxyfen for long-term control of clinical signs of allergic dermatitis in privately-owned cats in Ile-de-France region

Crosaz

Bonati²,

Briand

et al. 2017

Parasites Vectors

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BackgroundThe present study assessed the activity of a combination of dinotefuran and pyriproxyfen (Vectra® Felis) for long-term control (3 months) of allergic dermatitis (AD) in privately-owned cats under common household conditions in Ile-de-France region.MethodsThis was an open pre-treatment vs post-treatment study. Twenty-eight client-owned cats with clinical signs of AD were enrolled in the study. They received topical application of the combination of dinotefuran and pyriproxyfen on days 0, 28, 56 and 84. Two parameters (clinical signs and pruritus severity) were used to assess the animals’ condition on days 0, 28 and 84. Fleas were counted if they were observed.ResultsOf the 28 cats initially enrolled, 26 were presented on day 28 and 20 for the final evaluation on day 84. A significant improvement in clinical signs and pruritus was observed in cats for which fleas and/or flea feces were detected on day 0. Globally, the post-treatment AD clinical scores on days 28 and 84 were different from that of the pre-treatment on day 0, with a reduction of 30% and 71%, respectively. For cats with fleas and/or flea feces, the reduction on days 28 and 84 was 33% and 85%, respectively. The improvement of clinical signs and pruritus was not significant in cats with no visible fleas and no flea feces at the beginning of the trial (n = 8).ConclusionsThe present study indicated that the treatment with a combination of dinotefuran and pyriproxyfen should be considered as useful in controlling fleas on cats without additional environmental treatment and useful for long-term control of clinical signs and pruritus in allergic cats.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2335-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Serological, intradermal and live flea challenge tests in the assessment of hypersensitivity to flea antigens in cats (Felis domesticus)

Cited by 16 publications

References 12 publications

Clinical signs and diagnosis of feline atopic syndrome: detailed guidelines for a correct diagnosis

Clinical signs and diagnosis of feline atopic syndrome: detailed guidelines for a correct diagnosis

Allergens in veterinary medicine

Usefulness of a topical combination of dinotefuran and pyriproxyfen for long-term control of clinical signs of allergic dermatitis in privately-owned cats in Ile-de-France region

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