Serological Responses to Microbial Antigens in Celiac Disease Patients During a Gluten-Free Diet

Ashorn, Sara; Välineva, Tuuli; Kaukinen, Katri; Ashorn, Merja; Braun, Jonathan; Raukola, Hanna; Rantala, Immo; Collin, Pekka; Mäki, Markku; Luukkaala, Tiina; Iltanen, Sari

doi:10.1007/s10875-008-9255-7

Cited by 42 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The presence of anti-I2 serum antibodies in Crohn's disease patients was subsequently shown to be positively associated with the prognosis (19). Anti-I2 antibodies have also been associated with the diagnosis of celiac disease, including a decrease in titer after a gluten-free diet is initiated (204,205), of ankylosing spondylitis (206), and of chronic granulomatous disease (207). Whether P. fluorescens directly contributes to these chronic inflammatory conditions or whether anti-I2 antibodies are only indirect biomarkers of disease is undetermined.…”

Section: P Fluorescens and Inflammatory Bowel Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiology, Genomics, and Clinical Significance of the Pseudomonas fluorescens Species Complex, an Unappreciated Colonizer of Humans

et al. 2014

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SUMMARY Pseudomonas fluorescens is not generally considered a bacterial pathogen in humans; however, multiple culture-based and culture-independent studies have identified it at low levels in the indigenous microbiota of various body sites. With recent advances in comparative genomics, many isolates originally identified as the “species” P. fluorescens are now being reclassified as novel Pseudomonas species within the P. fluorescens “species complex.” Although most widely studied for its role in the soil and the rhizosphere, P. fluorescens possesses a number of functional traits that provide it with the capability to grow and thrive in mammalian hosts. While significantly less virulent than P. aeruginosa , P. fluorescens can cause bacteremia in humans, with most reported cases being attributable either to transfusion of contaminated blood products or to use of contaminated equipment associated with intravenous infusions. Although not suspected of being an etiologic agent of pulmonary disease, there are a number of reports identifying it in respiratory samples. There is also an intriguing association between P. fluorescens and human disease, in that approximately 50% of Crohn's disease patients develop serum antibodies to P. fluorescens . Altogether, these reports are beginning to highlight a far more common, intriguing, and potentially complex association between humans and P. fluorescens during health and disease.

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Section: P Fluorescens and Inflammatory Bowel Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiology, Genomics, and Clinical Significance of the Pseudomonas fluorescens Species Complex, an Unappreciated Colonizer of Humans

et al. 2014

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“…Anti-microbial antibody formation has also been reported in CD. ASCAs remain the most widely investigated antibodies [22][23][24][25][26] in this patient group but increasing experimental data are available on newly discovered antibodies such as anti-I2 or anti-OmpW (Bacteroides caccae TonBlinked outer membrane protein) [27,28] . The frequency of ASCA varied from 27% to 59% in various studies, owing to the differences in the number and the age of the patients as well as the commercial assays used for antibody detection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-microbial antibodies in celiac disease: Trick or treat?

Papp¹,

Földi²,

Altorjay³

et al. 2009

WJG

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AIM:To determine the prevalence of a new set of anti-glycan and anti-outer membrane protein (anti-OMP) antibodies in a Hungarian cohort of adult Celiac disease (CD) patients. METHODS:190 consecutive CD patients [M/F: 71/119, age:39.9 (SD:14.1) years], 100 healthy, and 48 gastrointestinal controls were tested for glycan antiSaccharomyces cerevisiae (gASCA), anti-laminaribioside (ALCA), anti-chitobioside, anti-mannobioside, anti-OMP antibodies and major NOD2/CARD15 mutations. Thirty out of 82 CD patients enrolled at the time of diagnosis were re-evaluated for the same antibodies after longstanding gluten-free diet (GFD). RESULTS:65.9% of the CD patients were positive for at least one of the tested antibodies at the time of the diagnosis. Except anti-OMP and ALCA, antimicrobial antibodies were exclusively seen in untreated CD; however, the overall sensitivity was low. Any glycan positivity (LR+: 3.13; 95% CI: 2.08-4.73) was associated with an increased likelihood ratio for diagnosing CD. Significant correlation was found between the levels of anti-glycan and anti-endomysial or anti-transglutaminase antibodies. Anti-glycan positivity was lost after longstanding GFD. Anti-glycan antibody titers were associated with symptoms at presentation, but not the presence of NOD2/CARD15 mutations. Patients with severe malabsorption more frequently had multiple antibodies at diagnosis (P = 0.019). CONCLUSION:The presence of anti-glycan antibodies in CD seems to be secondary to the impaired small bowel mucosa which can lead to increased antigen presentation. Furthermore, anti-glycan positivity may be considered an additional marker of CD and dietary adherence.

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“…This is also supported by the antimicrobial antibody formation reported in CeD. ASCAs remain the most widely investigated antibodies [22] in this patient group but increasing experimental data are available on newly discovered antibodies such as anti-I2 or anti-OmpW ( Bacteroides caccae TonB-linked outer membrane protein) [23,24]. Recently, our group has demonstrated that the presence of different antiglycan antibodies (gASCA, ACCA, and AMCA) are associated with CeD at the time of diagnosis.…”

Section: Gastrointestinal Diseases Where Nutritional Factors Are Causalmentioning

confidence: 72%

Nutritional Influences in Selected Gastrointestinal Diseases

Lakatos

Kiss

Miheller

2011

Dig Dis

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Nutritional factors, as sources of luminal antigens, have been thought to be important factors in the immunopathogenesis of numerous gastrointestinal diseases. In some diseases, the role of the nutritional component is causal in the susceptible host. Such diseases include celiac disease, a common heritable chronic inflammatory condition of the small intestine induced by dietary wheat, rye and barley, in susceptible individuals. Specific HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8 risk alleles are necessary, but not sufficient, for disease development. The well-defined role of HLA-DQ heterodimers encoded by these alleles is to present cereal peptides to CD4+ T cells, activating an inflammatory immune response in the intestine. Genome-wide association studies have been performed which identified the IL2-IL21 risk locus and other genes with immune functions and key roles in thymic T-cell selection. Another example for this group is Wilson’s disease, an autosomal recessive disorder of copper metabolism caused by mutation of the ATP7B gene, resulting in a defect of biliary copper excretion and toxic accumulation in the body, especially in the liver, brain and cornea, resulting in hepatic and/or neurological symptoms. In other diseases, however, the association is less well established. In such endeavor, epidemiological observations may become a valuable part of the overall investigations aimed at identifying dietary factors, which are involved in the initiation and perpetuation of the specific disease. As an example, relationships between nutrition and colorectal cancer have been hypothesized early on (e.g. folate, calcium, vitamin D, red meat). Similarly, intake of certain diet constituents like fat, refined sugar, fruits, vegetables and fiber was reported to be associated with the expression of inflammatory bowel diseases. In addition, in children with active Crohn’s disease, enteral nutrition was found to be equally effective as corticosteroids in induction of remission, with mucosal healing induced by downregulation of mucosal pro-inflammatory cytokine profiles in both the ileum and the colon after enteral nutrition. However, the particular effect of the consumption of each type of food remains questionable in most cases, at least in part because of insufficient data and serious methodological limitations (e.g. recall bias, heterogeneity between collected data, lack of correction for covariates, difficulties in double blinding).

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Serological Responses to Microbial Antigens in Celiac Disease Patients During a Gluten-Free Diet

Cited by 42 publications

References 31 publications

Microbiology, Genomics, and Clinical Significance of the Pseudomonas fluorescens Species Complex, an Unappreciated Colonizer of Humans

Microbiology, Genomics, and Clinical Significance of the Pseudomonas fluorescens Species Complex, an Unappreciated Colonizer of Humans

Anti-microbial antibodies in celiac disease: Trick or treat?

Nutritional Influences in Selected Gastrointestinal Diseases

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