Serological Screening of the Schistosoma mansoni Adult Worm Proteome

Ludolf, Fernanda; Patrocínio, Paola R.; Corrêa-Oliveira, Rodrigo; Gazzinelli, Andréa; Falcone, Franco H.; Teixeira-Ferreira, André; Perales, Jonás; Oliveira, Guilherme; Silva-Pereira, Rosiane Aparecida da

doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002745

Cited by 38 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…In addition, aquaporin, which was shown by proteomic studies to be the most abundant transmembrane protein of the S. mansoni tegument (278), could also be a possible diagnostic target. Furthermore, recent mass spectrophotometry-based studies detected multiple antigenic proteins of S. mansoni, including annexin, major egg antigen, and troponin T, and highlighted the possibility of using these components in improved diagnostic tests for schistosomiasis (279). In addition, cathepsin B (Sm31) from S. mansoni adult worms has shown promise as a useful serum diagnostic marker (280,281).…”

Section: Other Antigens and Proteins As Diagnostic Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the Diagnosis of Human Schistosomiasis

et al. 2015

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SUMMARY Schistosomiasis is a major neglected tropical disease that afflicts more than 240 million people, including many children and young adults, in the tropics and subtropics. The disease is characterized by chronic infections with significant residual morbidity and is of considerable public health importance, with substantial socioeconomic impacts on impoverished communities. Morbidity reduction and eventual elimination through integrated intervention measures are the focuses of current schistosomiasis control programs. Precise diagnosis of schistosome infections, in both mammalian and snail intermediate hosts, will play a pivotal role in achieving these goals. Nevertheless, despite extensive efforts over several decades, the search for sensitive and specific diagnostics for schistosomiasis is ongoing. Here we review the area, paying attention to earlier approaches but emphasizing recent developments in the search for new diagnostics for schistosomiasis with practical applications in the research laboratory, the clinic, and the field. Careful and rigorous validation of these assays and their cost-effectiveness will be needed, however, prior to their adoption in support of policy decisions for national public health programs aimed at the control and elimination of schistosomiasis.

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Section: Other Antigens and Proteins As Diagnostic Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the Diagnosis of Human Schistosomiasis

et al. 2015

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“…MEA was previously suggested as a diagnostic by Nene et al (1986), since it was immuno-precipitated in human serum [73]. Ludolf et al (2014) demonstrated the immunoreactivity of recombinant MEA antigen against samples from chronic individuals using western blotting [52]. In this study, rMEA was produced and recognized by sera from infected endemic individuals and was not recognized by sera from negative non-endemic individuals in WB analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…Ludolf et al (2014) identified 47 different immunoreactive proteins from worm antigens using sera from positive and negative endemic individuals. One of them, the eukaryotic translation elongation factor, uniquely reacted with naturally resistant residents from endemic areas and was considered a potential vaccine candidate [52].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there is a limited number of serological-proteomic studies involving Schistosoma spp. and most of them are related to searching for vaccine candidates using animal models [47-52]. Only one immunoproteomic analysis related to S. mansoni and human samples has been performed to date, but it also focuses on the search for vaccines candidates [52].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serological proteomic screening and evaluation of a recombinant egg antigen for the diagnosis of low-intensity infections in endemic area in Brazil Antigen target in schistosomiasis diagnosis

Moraes¹,

Shollenberger

Castro-Borges

et al. 2018

Preprint

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52Background: Despite decades of employment of control programs, schistosomiasis 53 remains a global public health problem. To further reduce prevalence and intensity of 54 infection, or to achieve the goal of elimination in low-endemic areas, there need to be 55 better diagnostic tools to detect low intensity infections in low-endemic areas as Brazil. 56The rationale for development of new diagnostic tools is because in low-endemic 57 settings, the standard Kato-Katz diagnostic method loses its sensitivity and misses low 58 intensity infections. To develop new diagnostic tools, we employed a proteomics 59 approach search for biomarkers associated with schistosome-specific immune responses 60 to develop sensitive and specific new methods for immunodiagnosis. 61 62 Methods and findings: Immunoproteomic analysis was performed on an egg extract of 63 Schistosoma mansoni using pooled sera from infected or non-infected individuals from 64 a low-endemic area of Brazil. Cross reactivity with other helminth parasites was 65 determined using pooled sera from individuals infected with different parasitic 66helminths. Using this approach we identified 23 spots recognized by schistosome acute 67 and chronic sera samples. To identify immunoreactive spots that are likely glycan 68 epitopes, we compared immunoreactivity of spots treated by sodium metaperiodate 69 oxidation of egg extract. This treatment yielded 12/23 spots maintaining 70 immunoreactivity, suggesting they are protein epitopes. From these 12 spots, 11 spots 71 cross-reacted with sera from infection with other helminths and 10 spots cross-reacted 72 with the negative control group. Spot number 5 was exclusively immunoreactive with 73 sera from schistosome-infected groups in native and deglycosylated conditions and 74 corresponds to a Major Egg Antigen. We expressed the Major egg antigen as a 75 recombinant protein and showed by western blot a similar recognition pattern of that of 4 76 the native protein. IgG-ELISA gave a sensitivity of 87.10% and specificity of 89.09% 77 represented by area under ROC curve of 0.95. IgG-ELISA performed better than the 78 conventional K-K (2 slides) identifying 56/64 cases harboring 1-10 egg per gram of 79 feces that were undiagnosed by K-K parasitological technique.80 81 Conclusions: The serological proteome approach was able to identify a new diagnostic 82 candidate. The recombinant egg antigen provided good performance in IgG-ELISA to 83 detect individuals with extreme low-intensity infections (1 egg per gram of feces). 84 Therefore, the IgG-ELISA using this newly identified recombinant major egg antigen 85 can be a useful tool to be combined with other techniques in low-endemic areas to 86 determine the true prevalence of schistosome infection that is underestimated by Kato-87 Katz method. Further, to overcome the complexity of ELISA in the field, a second-88 generation of antibody-based rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) can be developed. 89 90 Recombinant Protein, Endemic Areas. 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 5 100 Author Summary 101 102 ...

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“…Proteomic vaccine candidate studies try to identify antigens that normally stimulate a protective immune response (Mutapi, 2012). A recent focus of research is the potential use of a combination of antigens as vaccine candidates, which may be more effective than a single recombinant antigen vaccine (Ludolf et al, 2014).…”

Section: Diagnostics Drugs and Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%