Serological Studies of Patients with Cutaneous and Oral-Oropharyngeal Anthrax from Northern Thailand

Sirisanthana, Thira; Nelson, Kereann; Ezzell, John W.; Abshire, Teresa G.

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1988.39.575

Cited by 56 publications

(36 citation statements)

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“…In practice, data of previous studies [10,12,16] indicate that anti-PA antibodies are the most diagnostically reliable; occasional anti-PA-positive/anti-LF-negative sera were encountered but not vice versa. In this study, the single exception was the anti-PA-negative/anti-LF-positive/anti-EF-positive springbok serum.…”

Section: Disciussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Included among the herbivore samples were sera from four elephants (numbers 118, 606, 609, 626) known to have received a dose of veterinary vaccine [12][13][14][15][16][17][18] months before collection of the serum that was tested. One of the rhinos (Suzi), which had originally been brought into the Etosha Ecological Institute in 1983 as a weanling orphaned by poachers and which had been subsequently released as a young adult into the Park, had been vaccinated at least three times, the last occasion in 1988.…”

Section: Sera From African Wildlifementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a retrospective analysis of sera from 19 of 76 human cases of anthrax that occurred in northern Thailand in 1982 [16], EITB detected antibodies to PA and LF in 13 of 18 (72%) of the patients while EIA detected anti-PA in 68% (6 of 9 with cutaneous anthrax and 7 of 10 with oral-oropharyngeal anthrax), anti-LF in 42% (8 patients) and anti-EF in 26% (5 patients).…”

Section: Disciussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Antibodies may have arisen from subclinical intestinal or cutaneous infection resulting from eating or handling these or other anthrax carcases. The authors of the report on the outbreak in Thailand [16] regarded 3 anti-PA titres found among 43 healthy unexposed Thai control villagers as 'apparent false positives'.…”

Section: Disciussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EIA for anti-PA antibodies was also used to confirm the retrospective diagnosis of anthrax in an epidemic in Switzerland [14]. An EIA for antibodies to the capsular polypeptide was used in a serological follow-up to an outbreak of cutaneous anthrax in Paraguay in 1986 [15] and retrospective confirmation of a large outbreak in humans in Thailand in 1982 was done by means of EJAs for all three toxin components and the capsular polypeptide [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serology and anthrax in humans, livestock and Etosha National Park wildlife

et al. 1992

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SUMMARYResults are presented from a number of epidemiological studies using enzyme immunoassays (EIA) based on the purified anthrax toxin antigens, protective antigen. lethal factor and oedema factor. Studies on sera from a group of 62 human anthrax patients in Turkey and from cattle in Britain following two unrelated outbreaks of anthrax show that EIA using protective antigen can be a useful diagnostic aid and will detect subelinical infections in appropriate circumstances. A serological survey on wildlife in the Etosha National Park, Namibia, where anthrax is endemic, showed that naturally acquired anthraxspecific antibodies are rare in herbivores but common in carnivores; in carnivores, titres appear to reflect the prevalence of anthrax in their ranges. Problems, as yet unresolved, were encountered in studies on sera from pigs following an outbreak of anthrax on a farm in Wales.Clinical details, including treatment, of the human and one of the bovine outbreaks are summarized and discussed in relation to the serological findings.

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Section: Disciussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Sera From African Wildlifementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Disciussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Disciussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serology and anthrax in humans, livestock and Etosha National Park wildlife

et al. 1992

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Anthrax as a Potential Biological Warfare Agent

Pile¹,

Malone²,

Eitzen³

et al. 1998

Arch Intern Med

197

156

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Anthrax is a zoonotic illness recognized since antiquity. Today, human anthrax has been all but eradicated from the industrialized world, with the vast majority of practitioners in the United States unlikely to have seen a case. Unfortunately, the disease remains endemic in many areas of the world, and anthrax poses a threat as a mass casualty-producing weapon if used in a biological warfare capacity.

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Gastrointestinal Anthrax

Beatty¹,

Ashford²,

Griffin³

et al. 2003

Arch Intern Med

113

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Recent events have drawn attention to cases of inhalational and cutaneous anthrax associated with contaminated mail. Gastrointestinal anthrax, the disease caused by ingestion of Bacillus anthracis organisms, has rarely been reported in the United States. This review provides background information on the gastrointestinal form of the disease. We describe the clinical course of gastrointestinal anthrax, outline current therapy, review the microbiology of B anthracis, examine the epidemiology of natural outbreaks, discuss considerations regarding deliberate contamination, and summarize existing literature on the inactivation of spores present in food and water.

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Serological Studies of Patients with Cutaneous and Oral-Oropharyngeal Anthrax from Northern Thailand

Cited by 56 publications

References 0 publications

Serology and anthrax in humans, livestock and Etosha National Park wildlife

Serology and anthrax in humans, livestock and Etosha National Park wildlife

Anthrax as a Potential Biological Warfare Agent

Gastrointestinal Anthrax

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