Serological Survey of Encephalitozoon cuniculi Infection in Japanese Dogs

Sasaki, Mizuki; Yamazaki, A.; Haraguchi, Asako; Tatsumi, Masashi; Ishida, Kai; Ikadai, Hiromi

doi:10.1645/ge-2540.1

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Similar to studies in Japan (Sasaki et al. ) and Poland (Piekarska et al. ), a low prevalence of E. cuniculi (2.1%) within the investigated population of dogs was observed in our study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Prevalence and Genotyping of Microsporidian Parasites in Dogs in Turkey: Zoonotic Concerns

Düzlü

Yıldırım

Önder

et al. 2019

J Eukaryotic Microbiology

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Microsporidia are opportunistic pathogens that infect a wide range of invertebrates and vertebrates. To assess the potential role of dogs in the transmission of these zoonotic pathogens, a total of 282 fecal samples from dogs in the Central Anatolia Region of Turkey were analyzed by utilizing species specific polymerase chain reaction for the four most frequent human microsporidia. Two microsporidia species were recognized in 41 samples (14.5%). Encephalitozoon intestinalis was detected in 35 samples (12.4%) and it was the most common microsporidium. The second microsporidium, E. cuniculi, was identified in six (2.1%) of the samples. Sequence analysis of the intergenic spacer of the ribosomal ribonucleic acid (RNA) internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene revealed the presence of three E. intestinalis haplotypes closely associated with each other. No polymorphic region was found among the ITS sequences of E. cuniculi isolates and they were characterized as genotype III. This study provides the first data on the zoonotic microsporidia species from dogs in Turkey.

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“…Similar to studies in Japan (Sasaki et al. ) and Poland (Piekarska et al. ), a low prevalence of E. cuniculi (2.1%) within the investigated population of dogs was observed in our study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Prevalence and Genotyping of Microsporidian Parasites in Dogs in Turkey: Zoonotic Concerns

Düzlü

Yıldırım

Önder

et al. 2019

J Eukaryotic Microbiology

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“…E. cuniculi infections of pet rabbits and laboratory rabbits are best described (for review see (Künzel and Joachim, 2010)). However this species can also infect several other mammals (Wasson and Peper, 2000, Levkutová et al., 2004, Mathis et al., 2005, Goodwin et al., 2006, Lindsay et al., 2009, Sasaki et al., 2011, Wagnerová et al., 2012, Cray and Rivas, 2013, Meng et al., 2014). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

More than a rabbit's tale – Encephalitozoon spp. in wild mammals and birds

Hinney

Sak

Joachim

et al. 2016

International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife

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Within the microsporidian genus Encephalitozoon, three species, Encephalitozoon cuniculi, Encephalitozoon hellem and Encephalitozoon intestinalis have been described. Several orders of the Class Aves (Passeriformes, Psittaciformes, Apodiformes, Ciconiiformis, Gruiformes, Columbiformes, Suliformes, Podicipediformes, Anseriformes, Struthioniformes, Falconiformes) and of the Class Mammalia (Rodentia, Lagomorpha, Primates, Artyodactyla, Soricomorpha, Chiroptera, Carnivora) can become infected. Especially E. cuniculi has a very broad host range while E. hellem is mainly distributed amongst birds. E. intestinalis has so far been detected only sporadically in wild animals. Although genotyping allows the identification of strains with a certain host preference, recent studies have demonstrated that they have no strict host specificity. Accordingly, humans can become infected with any of the four strains of E. cuniculi as well as with E. hellem or E. intestinalis, the latter being the most common. Especially, but not exclusively, immunocompromised people are at risk. Environmental contamination with as well as direct transmission of Encephalitozoon is therefore highly relevant for public health. Moreover, endangered species might be threatened by the spread of pathogens into their habitats. In captivity, clinically overt and often fatal disease seems to occur frequently. In conclusion, Encephalitozoon appears to be common in wild warm-blooded animals and these hosts may present important reservoirs for environmental contamination and maintenance of the pathogens. Similar to domestic animals, asymptomatic infections seem to occur frequently but in captive wild animals severe disease has also been reported. Detailed investigations into the epidemiology and clinical relevance of these microsporidia will permit a full appraisal of their role as pathogens.

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“…One author reported that the potential role of cats in the transmission of the infectious agent cannot be excluded [14]. In Japan, a seroepidemiological survey of E. cuniculi infection in domesticated dogs and domesticated rabbits has been performed [7,16], but the prevalence of E. cuniculi infections in cats has not been reported. E. cuniculi in subclinically infected cats may represent a reservoir and potential risk for immunocompromised patients [11,12].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Testing for antibodies against E. cuniculi was performed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with glutathione S-transferase fusion polar tube protein 2 as the antigen [16]. Individual cat serum samples diluted to 1:400 and horseradish peroxidase-conjugated goat anti-feline immunoglobulin G antibody (MP Biomedicals, Santa Ana, CA, U.S.A.) diluted to 1:10,000 were used as the first and second antibodies, respectively.…”

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confidence: 99%

Serological survey of <i>Encephalitozoon cuniculi</i> infection in cats in Japan

Tsukada

Osaka

Takano

et al. 2016

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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Antibodies to Encephalitozoon cuniculi (E. cuniculi) were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using E. cuniculi PTP2 recombinant protein from serum samples that had been collected from a total of 295 cats in Japan. Of these samples, 6.1% (18/295) had antibodies against E. cuniculi, which included 6.3% (6/96) of the male cats and 6.0% (12/199) of the female cats. The incidence was slightly higher in feral cats (8.3%, 11/132) compared to domesticated cats (4.3%, 7/163). This suggests the possibility that the cats of our country have become a reservoir of E. cuniculi. This study is the first to demonstrate the prevalence of E. cuniculi infection in cats in Japan.

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Serological Survey of Encephalitozoon cuniculi Infection in Japanese Dogs

Cited by 18 publications

References 22 publications

Prevalence and Genotyping of Microsporidian Parasites in Dogs in Turkey: Zoonotic Concerns

Prevalence and Genotyping of Microsporidian Parasites in Dogs in Turkey: Zoonotic Concerns

More than a rabbit's tale – Encephalitozoon spp. in wild mammals and birds

Serological survey of <i>Encephalitozoon cuniculi</i> infection in cats in Japan

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