Serological survey of Toxoplasma gondii in captive Neotropical felids from Southern Brazil

Ullmann, Leila Sabrina; Silva, Rodrigo da; Moraes, Wanderlei de; Cubas, Zalmir Silvino; Santos, Leonilda Correia dos; Hoffmann, Juliano Leônidas; Moreira, Nei; Guimarães, Ana M. S.; Montaño, Patrícia Yukiko; Langoni, Hélio; Biondo, Alexander Welker

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.04.013

“…Previous studies showed that felids from the same zoo areas were also exposed to T. gondii and Leptospira spp. (ULLMANN et al, 2010;ULLMANN et al, 2012). In these studies and ours, tested felids and deer were asymptomatic indicating that these animals could be playing roles as reservoirs of the mentioned pathogens.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…The prevalences found at BVBS may be related to the proximity between the deer's zoo areas and the other wild mammals' zoo areas, including canids and felids, which if infected by N. caninum and T. gondii, might be the source of infection for zoo herbivores. Previous serological studies showed that 66.6% (38/57) of the felids at BVBS were exposed to T. gondii (ULLMANN et al, 2010). In addition, the housekeeping staff observed sporadic presence of feral cats in the zoo area, which could be playing a role in the oocysts dissemination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Occurrence of antibodies anti -Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum and Leptospira interrogans in a captive deer herd in Southern Brazil

Zimpel

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Grazziotin

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Filho

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et al. 2015

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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A large number of Brazilian zoos keep many endangered species of deer, however, very few disease surveillance studies have been conducted among captive cervids. Blood samples from 32 Brazilian deer (Blastocerus dichotomus, Mazama nana and Mazama americana) kept in captivity at Bela Vista Biological Sanctuary (Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil) were investigated for 10 ruminant pathogens, with the aims of monitoring deer health status and evaluating any potential zoonotic risk. Deer serum samples were tested for Brucella abortus, Leptospira (23 serovars), Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum, bovine viral diarrhea virus, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus, foot-and-mouth disease virus, western equine encephalitis virus, eastern equine encephalitis virus and Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus. Antibodies against T. gondii (15.6%), N. caninum (6.2%) and L. interrogans serogroup Serjoe (3.1%) were detected. The serological results for all other infectious agents were negative. The deer were considered to be clinically healthy and asymptomatic regarding any disease. Compared with studies on free-ranging deer, the prevalences of the same agents tested among the captive deer kept at the Sanctuary were lower, thus indicating good sanitary conditions and high-quality management practices at the zoo.

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“…Only felids excrete T. gondii oocysts, and they can be the source for environmental contamination as well as sentinels for infection of other species. Moreover, these results are similar to those previously reported in different Brazilian zoos (SILVA et al, 2001;ULLMANN et al, 2010). Nonetheless, two domestic cats that were caught in the zoo were found to be negative.…”

Section: Speciessupporting

confidence: 91%

Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and related risk factors in mammals at Sorocaba zoo, São Paulo, BrazilToxoplasma gondii antibodies and related risk factors in mammals at Sorocaba zoo, São Paulo, Brazil

Marujo

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,

Langoni

²

,

Ullmann

³

et al. 2017

SCA

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Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic zoonosis with worldwide distribution and different wild species either are involved in maintenance of the pathogen in the environment as definitive or intermediate hosts serving as font of feeding or prey to definitive hosts. The present study aimed to investigate Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and the risk factors relating to infection in mammals at Sorocaba Zoo, state of São Paulo, Brazil. Serum samples collected from 153 animals were analyzed using the modified agglutination test (MAT; cutoff ≥ 25). Seropositivity was found in 62 animals (40.5%; 95% CI: 33.1-48.5%), with different titers. Significant differences were observed in relation to the ages of the animals, origin, presence of free-ranging animals in the enclosure and feeding habits, through univariate analysis (p ≤ 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that only age (p = 0.03) had significance for the study. Adult animals were 3.5 more likely to become infected than were young ones. In relation to feeding habits, herbivores (80%) and carnivores (46.5%) were the animals most affected. These results highlight the presence of T. gondii in animals at Brazilian zoos, and suggest that continuous transmission is occurring at zoos. Key words: Epidemiology. Toxoplasmosis. Wild animals. Zoo. ResumoToxoplasmose é uma zoonose parasitária com distribuição mundial e diversas espécies silvestres estão envolvidas na manutenção do patógeno no ambiente, seja como hospedeiro definitivo ou intermediário. O objetivo do estudo foi pesquisar anticorpos de Toxoplasma gondii e os fatores de risco relacionados com a infecção de mamíferos do Zoológico de Sorocaba, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Foram coletadas 153 amostras de soro dos animais e realizado teste de aglutinação modificada (MAD, ponto de corte 16). Sessenta e dois (40,5%; IC95% 33,1-48,5%) animais foram soropositivos, com diferentes títulos. Diferenças significativas foram observadas com relação a idade dos animais, origem, presença de animais de vida livre dentro dos recintos e hábitos alimentares, utilizando análise univariada (p ≤ 0,05).

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“…Zoo-born animals (32/58; 55.2%; 95% CI: 42.4-67.3%) were 2.1 times more likely to present T. gondii antibodies than were wild-caught animals (30/91; 33%; 95% CI: 24.2-43.2%) in the same place. In a study conducted on felids, wildcaught animals were more likely to be positive than were zoo-born animals (ULLMANN et al, 2010). However, another study did not find any association relating to animal origin among animals in 20 Brazilian states (SILVA et al, 2007).…”

Section: Speciesmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Many serological surveys have been conducted to evaluate the prevalence of toxoplasmosis among wild animals. However, there is scarce information about the role of different wild species and related risk factors in Brazilian zoos (FERREIRA et al, 1997;SILVA et al, 2001;GENNARI et al, 2004;GARCIA et al, 2005;SILVA et al, 2006;MINERVINO et al, 2010;ULLMANN et al, 2010). Accordingly, the aim of this study was to evaluate T. gondii infection in wild mammals at Sorocaba Zoo, SP, Brazil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and related risk factors in mammals at Sorocaba zoo, São Paulo, BrazilToxoplasma gondii antibodies and related risk factors in mammals at Sorocaba zoo, São Paulo, Brazil

Marujo

¹

,

Langoni

²

,

Ullmann

³

et al. 2017

SCA

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Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic zoonosis with worldwide distribution and different wild species either are involved in maintenance of the pathogen in the environment as definitive or intermediate hosts serving as font of feeding or prey to definitive hosts. The present study aimed to investigate Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and the risk factors relating to infection in mammals at Sorocaba Zoo, state of São Paulo, Brazil. Serum samples collected from 153 animals were analyzed using the modified agglutination test (MAT; cutoff ≥ 25). Seropositivity was found in 62 animals (40.5%; 95% CI: 33.1-48.5%), with different titers. Significant differences were observed in relation to the ages of the animals, origin, presence of free-ranging animals in the enclosure and feeding habits, through univariate analysis (p ≤ 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that only age (p = 0.03) had significance for the study. Adult animals were 3.5 more likely to become infected than were young ones. In relation to feeding habits, herbivores (80%) and carnivores (46.5%) were the animals most affected. These results highlight the presence of T. gondii in animals at Brazilian zoos, and suggest that continuous transmission is occurring at zoos. Key words: Epidemiology. Toxoplasmosis. Wild animals. Zoo. ResumoToxoplasmose é uma zoonose parasitária com distribuição mundial e diversas espécies silvestres estão envolvidas na manutenção do patógeno no ambiente, seja como hospedeiro definitivo ou intermediário. O objetivo do estudo foi pesquisar anticorpos de Toxoplasma gondii e os fatores de risco relacionados com a infecção de mamíferos do Zoológico de Sorocaba, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Foram coletadas 153 amostras de soro dos animais e realizado teste de aglutinação modificada (MAD, ponto de corte 16). Sessenta e dois (40,5%; IC95% 33,1-48,5%) animais foram soropositivos, com diferentes títulos. Diferenças significativas foram observadas com relação a idade dos animais, origem, presença de animais de vida livre dentro dos recintos e hábitos alimentares, utilizando análise univariada (p ≤ 0,05).

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Serological survey of Toxoplasma gondii in captive Neotropical felids from Southern Brazil

Cited by 19 publications

References 11 publications

Occurrence of antibodies anti -Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum and Leptospira interrogans in a captive deer herd in Southern Brazil

Occurrence of antibodies anti -Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum and Leptospira interrogans in a captive deer herd in Southern Brazil

Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and related risk factors in mammals at Sorocaba zoo, São Paulo, BrazilToxoplasma gondii antibodies and related risk factors in mammals at Sorocaba zoo, São Paulo, Brazil

Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and related risk factors in mammals at Sorocaba zoo, São Paulo, BrazilToxoplasma gondii antibodies and related risk factors in mammals at Sorocaba zoo, São Paulo, Brazil

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