Serology, Density, and Morphology of Staphylococcal Phages

Rosenblum, E. D.; Tyrone, Sue

doi:10.1128/jb.88.6.1737-1742.1964

Cited by 49 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…All the polyvalent staphylococcal phages mentioned above are of morphotype A1 and serotype D (Ackermann and DuBow, 1987) and were classified with the phage species Twort, which is a member of the family Myoviridae (Murphy et al, 1995). In the same species, the following polyvalent staphylococcal phages were classified: phage K Fry, 1981, 1983); P1 (Black and Brown, 1986); P14, S3K, Muscae (Rosenblum and Tyrone, 1964); Gratia (Smith and Mudd, 1970); A, EW, J10, J11, K1, K2 (Brandis and Lenz, 1984); S b -1 (Chanishvili et al, 1980;Andriashvili et al, 1983); 06, 40, 58 (Meekins and Blouse, 1969); A/3, A/5, 200, X, PK (Pillich et al, 1976);and RG, 119, 130, P2, P3, P4, P8, P9, and 1623 (Ackermann and DuBow, 1987). The polyvalent and virulent phage designated SK311 isolated by Go Ètz et al (1984) from Staphylococcus carnosus also belongs to this phage species (Ackermann and DuBow, 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Polyvalent Staphylococcal Phage φ812:Its Host-Range Mutants and Related Phages

et al. 1998

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Ninety-five percent of 782 culture collection strains, as well as hospital strains of Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus of different provenance and 43% of 89 culture collection strains of different coagulase-negative species of the genus Staphylococcus, were found to be sensitive to the polyvalent phage phi 812 or to at least one of its host-range mutants or to the polyvalent phages SK311, phi 131, and U16. Thus sensitivity to the polyvalent staphylococcal phages seems to be one of the common features of S. aureus subsp. aureus strains. The adsorption kinetics and one-step growth characteristics of the phages phi 812 and SK311 were estimated. Restriction genomic maps of the phages phi 812 (146.5 kb) and SK311 (141.1 kb) were constructed by use of the restriction endonucleases AvaII, PstI, KpnI, SacI, SmaI, and XhoI. The host-range mutations of the phage phi 812 were localized on this map. Comparison of restriction patterns of the phages phi 812 and SK311 with those of the polyvalent phages U16 and phi 131 suggests that all these phages are closely related. Their genomes differ from each other mostly by some deletions, insertions (1-3 kb), or inversions. Evidence was given that the phage phi 812 together with SK311, phi 131, and U16 belongs in the phage species Twort, the description of which is substantially supplemented with the data on the phage phi 812 reported in this paper.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Polyvalent Staphylococcal Phage φ812:Its Host-Range Mutants and Related Phages

et al. 1998

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“…In addition, comparing the reported head and tail length measurements of IPS phages (ACKERMANN, 1975;BRADLEY, 1967;BRANDIS and LENZ, 1984) with means of measured lengths for D20, this phage is most closely related to serogroup B than to serogroups F and L (BRADLEY, 1963;ROSENBLUM and TYRONE, 1964). Several phages of serogroup B have been found to have hexagonally-shaped heads, 50-60 nm in diameter, and a tail structure 150nm in length, and terminated by a ball-like appendage (ROSENBLUM and TYRONE, 1964). It was therefore not unexpected that both phages D20 and IPS 52, a serogroup B member, had a protein with similar molecular size.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…It was evident that phage D 20 could only belong to serogroups B, F and L because of its isometric head and short tail (BRADLEY, 1967;ROSENBLUM and TYRONE, 1964). In addition, comparing the reported head and tail length measurements of IPS phages (ACKERMANN, 1975;BRADLEY, 1967;BRANDIS and LENZ, 1984) with means of measured lengths for D20, this phage is most closely related to serogroup B than to serogroups F and L (BRADLEY, 1963;ROSENBLUM and TYRONE, 1964). Several phages of serogroup B have been found to have hexagonally-shaped heads, 50-60 nm in diameter, and a tail structure 150nm in length, and terminated by a ball-like appendage (ROSENBLUM and TYRONE, 1964).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lytic Activities, Protein Profiles and Morphologic Characteristics of New Bacteriophages Isolated from Canine and Human Staphylococcus aureus Strains

Adesiyun

Viebahn

Sahl

et al. 1992

Journal of Veterinary Medicine, Series B

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Summary The lytic activity, protein profile and morphology of five newly isolated phages from canine Staphylococcus aureus strains and one from a human S. aureus strain were compared with those of selected phages in the international phage sets (IPS). Five canine phages lysed 57 (76.0 %) of 75 canine isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from Nigeria at routine test dilution (RTD) while 34 (IPS) phages typed only 31 (41.3 %) strains at RTD or/and 100‐RTD. The new human phage lysed 11 (14.7%) of 75 strains isolated from human diarrhoea. The new phages were readily propagated, specific in activity and stable during storage at 4°C. Prominent proteins detected by SDS‐PAGE indicated similarities between some of the phages but one canine phage was distinctly different, as was its morphology which was an isometric head with a short tail compared to oval heads and long tails which characterized others. IPS phages in the same serologic group had similar protein profiles but no correlation was observed with lytic groups. The use of protein profile and electron micrographs allowed classification of the phages into serogroups. It is concluded that the newly isolated canine phages could be very useful in typing Nigerian canine strains of S. aureus.

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“…Briefly, the 500 bp up-and downstream regions of ypdA, brxA and brxB were amplified using gene-specific primers (Table S3), fused by overlap extension PCR and ligated into the BglII and SalI sites of plasmid pMAD. The pMAD constructs were electroporated into S. aureus RN4220 and further transduced into S. aureus COL using phage 81 (Rosenblum and Tyrone, 1964). The clean deletions of ypdA, brxA or brxB were selected after plasmid excision as described .…”

Section: Materi Als and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylococcus aureususes the bacilliredoxin (BrxAB)/ bacillithiol disulfide reductase (YpdA) redox pathway to defend against oxidative stress under infections

Linzner

Loi

Fritsch

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen and has to cope with reactive oxygen and chlorine species (ROS, RCS) during infections. The low molecular weight thiol bacillithiol (BSH) is an important defense mechanism of S. aureus for detoxification of ROS and HOCl stress to maintain the reduced state of the cytoplasm. Under HOCl stress, BSH forms mixed disulfides with proteins, termed as S-bacillithiolations, which are reduced by bacilliredoxins (BrxA and BrxB). The NADPH-dependent flavin disulfide reductase YpdA is phylogenetically associated with the BSH synthesis and BrxA/B enzymes and was proposed to function as BSSB reductase. Here, we investigated the role of the bacilliredoxin BrxAB/BSH/YpdA pathway in S. aureus COL under oxidative stress and macrophage infection conditions in vivo and in biochemical assays in vitro. Using HPLC thiol metabolomics, a strongly enhanced BSSB level and a decreased BSH/BSSB ratio were measured in the S. aureus COL ypdA deletion mutant under control and NaOCl stress. Monitoring the BSH redox potential (E BSH) using the Brx-roGFP2 biosensor revealed that YpdA is required for regeneration of the reduced EBSH upon recovery from oxidative stress. In addition, the ypdA mutant was impaired in H2O2 detoxification as measured with the novel H2O2-specific Tpx-roGFP2 biosensor. Phenotype analyses further showed that BrxA and YpdA are required for survival under NaOCl and H2O2 stress in vitro and inside murine J-774A.1 macrophages in infection assays in vivo. Finally, NADPH-coupled electron transfer assays provide evidence for the function of YpdA in BSSB reduction, which depends on the conserved Cys14 residue. YpdA acts together with BrxA and BSH in de-bacillithiolation of S-bacilithiolated GapDH. In conclusion, our results point to a major role of the BrxA/BSH/YpdA pathway in BSH redox homeostasis in S. aureus during recovery from oxidative stress and under infections. * *

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Serology, Density, and Morphology of Staphylococcal Phages

Cited by 49 publications

References 9 publications

The Polyvalent Staphylococcal Phage φ812:Its Host-Range Mutants and Related Phages

The Polyvalent Staphylococcal Phage φ812:Its Host-Range Mutants and Related Phages

Lytic Activities, Protein Profiles and Morphologic Characteristics of New Bacteriophages Isolated from Canine and Human Staphylococcus aureus Strains

Staphylococcus aureususes the bacilliredoxin (BrxAB)/ bacillithiol disulfide reductase (YpdA) redox pathway to defend against oxidative stress under infections

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