Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of important pig viral diseases in Bhutan

Monger, V. R.; Stegeman, J.A.; Koop, Gerrit; Dukpa, Kinzang; Tenzin, Tenzin; Loeffen, W.L.A.

doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2014.07.005

Cited by 18 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, CSF‐associated pig mortality has already been reported in India, Nepal and Bhutan (Jha et al . ; Monger ; Khatoon et al . ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…), and in Nepal (Jha et al . ) and Bhutan (Monger ), which have also reported sporadic CSF outbreaks in their countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…India has CSF prevention and control measures in place including available locally produced CSF vaccines (Bett et al . ), Bhutan has CSF vaccination programs for government breeding farms only (Monger ) and Nepal has planned to implement the national classical swine fever control program (Animal Health, Kathmandu, Nepal). In Bangladesh, there is an absence of official CSF control measures, including CSF vaccination (Department of Livestock Service, Bangladesh).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CSF is a notifiable disease in India, Nepal and Bhutan (Monger ) and Bangladesh (Department of Livestock Services, Bangladesh).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

An outbreak of classical swine fever in pigs in Bangladesh, 2015

Sarkar

Hossain

Gurley

et al. 2017

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In a group of 22 healthy pigs aged between 4 and 6 months, 2 pigs became ill with high fever, complete anorexia, cough and abnormal swaying movements on 22 June 2015. One of them died on June 24 and the second died on July 3. Shortly after, the remaining pigs also fell ill and died from the same illness by 10 August 2015. We investigated the aetiology, epidemiological and clinical features of the outbreak. We recorded the clinical signs and symptoms for each pig with the date of onset of illness. Veterinarians conducted post‐mortem examinations on the 12 dead pigs, they collected tissue samples from the dead pigs and placed them in a tube containing 1 mL of nucleic acid extraction buffer (lysis buffer). We tested all the tissue samples by real‐time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT‐PCR) to detect classical swine fever virus (CSFV) because the animals’ symptoms matched those of this disease. We also conducted a phylogentic analysis of the nucleotide sequence of the E2 gene segment of CSFV detected in a lung tissue sample. The attack rate (22/22) and the case fatality were 100%. The predominant symptoms of the disease included high fever, cough, diarrhoea and swaying movements of the hind legs prior to death. Of the 12 pigs tissue samples tested, all had evidence of the presence of CSFV RNA by rRT‐PCR. The phylogenetic analysis indicated that the virus belongs to genotype 2.2, which is closely related to CSFV genotype 2.2 reported in India. Our investigation suggests that CSF is circulating in pigs, posing a risk for communities in Bangladesh that rely on pigs for economic income and dietary protein. Future research could focus on estimating the disease and economic burden of CSFV in pig rearing areas to determine if interventions might be warranted or cost‐effective.

show abstract

“…However, CSF‐associated pig mortality has already been reported in India, Nepal and Bhutan (Jha et al . ; Monger ; Khatoon et al . ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…), and in Nepal (Jha et al . ) and Bhutan (Monger ), which have also reported sporadic CSF outbreaks in their countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CSF is a notifiable disease in India, Nepal and Bhutan (Monger ) and Bangladesh (Department of Livestock Services, Bangladesh).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

An outbreak of classical swine fever in pigs in Bangladesh, 2015

Sarkar

Hossain

Gurley

et al. 2017

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Recently, outbreaks re-emerged in South Africa, which had been free of CSF since 1918 [5]. CSF is highly endemic in adjoining countries like China [6], and there are recent reports of the disease from Nepal [7] and Bhutan [8]. As with other OIE listed diseases, many countries have insufficient resources to undertake adequate surveillance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of classical swine fever in Karnataka, India

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aim:The present study was conducted to know the current scenario of classical swine fever (CSF) in Bengaluru Urban, Bengaluru Rural, Chikkaballapur, Madikeri, Mandya, Bagalkot, Gadag, Yadgir, Koppal, and Bidar districts of Karnataka with the using of both antigen and antibody ELISA.Materials and Methods:We collected 218 sera and 121 blood samples from pigs from 10 different districts of Karnataka. Screening of sera for CSF IgG antibody and whole blood for CSF virus antigen were carried out using the CSF virus (CSFV) antibody and antigen ELISA kits, respectively.Results:The mean seroprevalence was 41% (89/218) and prevalence of CSFV antigen in blood samples was 32% (39/121) for the 10 districts of Karnataka. Seroprevalence of 61%, 29%, 20%, and 21%; and antigen prevalence of 40%, 50%, 13%, and 12% were recorded for Bangalore, Mysore, Belgaum, and Gulbarga divisions of Karnataka, respectively.Conclusions:The study revealed an alarmingly high prevalence of CSF, both for the antigen (32%) and antibody (41%) in Karnataka. Southern Karnataka has the highest seroprevalence (61% in Bangalore and 29% in Mysore divisions), which confirms the endemicity of the disease in that region. This could be attributed to the intensive pig farming practices in the region as compared to Northern Karnataka (Seroprevalence of 20% in Belgaum and 21% in Gulbarga divisions), where the commercial pig farming is still in infantile stages.

show abstract