Seroprevalence and pathology of lung worm Angiostrongylus cantonensis in brown rats (Rattus novergicus) from Grenada, West Indies

Tiwari, Keshaw; Montanez, A. A.; Guerrero, A.; Piechowski, Brianna; Thille, Katelyn; Sharma, Rajni

doi:10.5958/0973-970x.2018.00006.8

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Radiographic and CT findings were supported by gross and microscopic examinations of the lungs post-mortem, which demonstrated that the extensive, multifocal coalescing areas of discolouration with multiple pale foci were composed of numerous small to large confluent egg granulomas and fibrotic nodules. The pathologic changes in the lung are consistent with those reported in the literature (Lee et al, 1996;Hsu et al, 2005;Tu and Lai, 2006;Garcia et al, 2014;Tiwari et al, 2018) and likely reflect the embolization of eggs to distal pulmonary arterioles, where L 1 subsequently hatch to penetrate the alveoli of the subserved lung parenchyma, inducing a florid inflammatory response which then becomes fibrotic. Sections of adult worms seen during histological examination of infected lungs indicate that not all worms were removed during our dissection; a technique such as macerating the lung to small pieces would be required to do this adequately.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…By 90 days post-infection, granulomas become fibrotic, leading to alveolar destruction and pulmonary fibrosis (Hsu et al, 2005;Tu and Lai, 2006). These lesions appear grossly as nodules (2-5 mm diameter) in the lung parenchyma (Lee et al, 1996;Tiwari et al, 2018). Adult worms remain in the pulmonary arteries (Garcia et al, 2014) causing intimal hyperplasia and thrombosis due to physical trauma to the vessel walls (Lee et al, 1996;Chikweto et al, 2009) and the increased vascular resistance likely induces pulmonary hypertension.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gross, microscopic, radiologic, echocardiographic and haematological findings in rats experimentally infected withAngiostrongylus cantonensis

Wun

Davies²,

Spielman

et al. 2020

Parasitology

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Although the gross and microscopic pathology in rats infected with Angiostrongylus cantonensis has been well described, corresponding changes detected using diagnostic imaging modalities have not been reported. This work describes the cardiopulmonary changes in mature Wistar rats chronically infected with moderate burdens of A. cantonensis using radiology, computed tomography (CT), CT angiography, echocardiography, necropsy and histological examinations. Haematology and coagulation studies were also performed. Thoracic radiography, CT and CT angiography showed moderately severe alveolar pulmonary patterns mainly affecting caudal portions of the caudal lung lobes and associated dilatation of the caudal lobar pulmonary arteries. Presumptive worm profiles could be detected using echocardiography, with worms seen in the right ventricular outflow tract or straddling either the pulmonary and/or the tricuspid valves. Extensive, multifocal, coalescing dark areas and multiple pale foci affecting the caudal lung lobes were observed at necropsy. Histologically, these were composed of numerous large, confluent granulomas and fibrotic nodules. Adult worms were found predominantly in the mid- to distal pulmonary arteries. An inflammatory leukogram, hyperproteinaemia and hyperfibrinogenaemia were found in most rats. These findings provide a comparative model for A. cantonensis in its accidental hosts, such as humans and dogs. In addition, the pathological and imaging changes are comparable to those seen in dogs infected with Angiostrongylus vasorum, suggesting rats infected with A. cantonensis could be a model for dogs with A. vasorum infection.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gross, microscopic, radiologic, echocardiographic and haematological findings in rats experimentally infected withAngiostrongylus cantonensis

Wun

Davies²,

Spielman

et al. 2020

Parasitology

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“…(2009) reported 23.4% microscopic lesions of Angiostrongylus spp. in lung of brown rats in Grenada, where as in a recent study Tiwari et al. (2018) reported 31.8% gross lesions and 39.1% microscopic lesions of Angiostrongylus spp .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Internal parasitic burdens in brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) from Grenada, West Indies

Coomansingh-Springer

Vishakha

Acuña

et al. 2019

Heliyon

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This study identified the endoparasites in Brown rat ( Rattus norvegicus) during May to July 2017 in Grenada, West Indies. A total of 162 rats, 76 females and 86 males were trapped from St. George and St. David parishes in Grenada. The collected fecal samples were examined for parasitic eggs and/or oocysts using simple fecal flotation technique. Adult parasites found in the intestinal tract were examined for identification. The overall prevalence of intestinal parasites among rats was 79 %. Ten helminth species were recovered, several of which were reported for the first time in rodents in Grenada. The internal parasites consist of seven nematodes ( Angiostrongylus spp., Nippostrongylus braziliensis , Heterakis spumosa , Strongyloides ratti , Aspiculuris tetraptera , Syphacia spp. and Protospirura spp.), one cestode ( Hymenolepsis diminuta ), one acanthocephalan ( Moniliformis moniliformis ) and one protozoa species ( Eimeria spp.). The most prevalent zoonotic species were Angiostrongylus spp. (35.2%), Hymenolepsis diminuta (7.4%) and Moniliformis moniliformis (3.1%). Several nonzoonotic endoparasites; which included Nippostrongylus braziliensis (50.6%), Heterakis spumosa (15.4%), Strongyloides ratti (43.2%), Aspiculuris tetraptera (2.5%), Syphacia spp . (1.9%), Protospirura spp. (1.2%) and Eimeria spp. (4.7%) were also identified. The most prevalent parasites were Nippostrongylus brasiliensis (50.6%), Strongyloides ratti (43.2%) and Angiostrongylus spp. (35.2%). Co-infections occurred with up to six species per rat showing different combinations of parasitic infections.

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Seroprevalence and pathology of lung worm Angiostrongylus cantonensis in brown rats (Rattus novergicus) from Grenada, West Indies

Cited by 2 publications

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Gross, microscopic, radiologic, echocardiographic and haematological findings in rats experimentally infected withAngiostrongylus cantonensis

Gross, microscopic, radiologic, echocardiographic and haematological findings in rats experimentally infected withAngiostrongylus cantonensis

Internal parasitic burdens in brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) from Grenada, West Indies

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