Seroprevalence and risk assessment of Toxoplasma gondii infection in sheep and goats in North and Beqaa governorates of Lebanon

Khalife, Sara; Moubayed, Sara; Mitri, Rosy; Geitani, Régina; Safadi, Dima El

doi:10.14202/vetworld.2022.2180-2185

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 38 publications

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“…In our study, females had seropositivity of 14.6% against 5.9% in males, a finding similar to the one from the Eastern Cape [ 13 ]. The difference in seropositivity observed between females and males could be due to hormonal fluctuations, immunosuppression associated with pregnancy, lactation stress, and physiological changes which makes females more susceptible to T. gondii infections than males [ 30 ]. A significant association between T. gondii seropositivity and breed was observed with mixed breed having the highest seropositivity (18.2%) when compared to other breeds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence and risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii in sheep and goats of North West Province, South Africa

Masombuka,

Mphuthi,

Ngoshe

et al. 2024

BMC Vet Res

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Background The protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii causes toxoplasmosis, one of the most prevalent parasitic zoonotic diseases with significant economic and public health implications worldwide. Infection with the parasite has a significant adverse effect on sheep and goat production and can frequently go undetected in the herd, resulting in abortions and weak or dead offspring. Although there are few studies on seroprevalence and risk factors associated with T. gondii infections in livestock in other provinces of South Africa, there is no data in the North West province. Therefore, a cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the seroprevalence of T. gondii and risk factors associated with exposure in sheep and goats of the North West province of South Africa. Sera from 439 livestock (164 sheep and 285 goats) were collected and analysed for the presence of T. gondii IgG antibodies using indirect ELISA (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). An assessment of potential risk factors in farms associated with seropositivity was also conducted using a structured questionnaire. Results Out of the 439 tested sheep and goats, 13.9% (61/439) were positive for IgG antibodies against T. gondii. Sheep and goats had seroprevalences of 19.5% (32/164) and 10.5% (29/275) respectively. In the multivariable logistic regression model, the risk of acquiring T. gondii was significantly higher in the mixed breed [Odds ratio (OR) = 71.07; 95% confidence interval (CI): 266.8-1893.1; p < 0.011)] animals than white dorper sheep and in farms that burn or bury aborted material (OR = 42.04; CI: 179.9-982.5; p = 0.020) compared to those that only burn aborted material. The risk was lower for the farms in Kagisano-Molopo (OR = 0.00; CI: 0.0-25.4; p = 0.015) and Mahikeng (OR = 0.00; CI: 0.0-4.9; p < 0.001) local municipalities than Greater Taung local municipality, and for the animals that drink water from dams (OR = 0.03; CI: 0.2–58.8; p = 0.021) than those that drink from boreholes. Conclusion The seroprevalence and risk factors associated with transmission observed show that T. gondii infection is widespread in sheep and goats of the North West province.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence and risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii in sheep and goats of North West Province, South Africa

Masombuka,

Mphuthi,

Ngoshe

et al. 2024

BMC Vet Res

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Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in sheep and cattle in Shanxi Province, North China

Jia

Zhang

et al. 2023

Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports

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Seroprevalence and associated risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii infection of goats and sheep in the Khomas region of Namibia

Samkange,

Chitanga,

Tjipura-Zaire

et al. 2023

Journal of the South African Veterinary Association

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This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence levels of T. gondii in small ruminants (goats and sheep) and the associated risk factors in the Khomas region of Namibia. A total of 299 and 345 sheep and goat sera, respectively, were collected from 22 farming establishments. An IDEXX Toxotest Ab®, a commercial ELISA kit, was used to test for IgG antibodies to T.gondii. Overall, 3.68% (11/299) of the sheep sera were positive, and 61.54% (8/13) of the sheep ocks tested had at least one positive animal. Only 0.29% (1/345) of the goat sera were positive, and only one of the 19 goat ocks had at least one positive animal giving a herd-level prevalence of 5.26%. Sheep ocks had signi cantly greater animallevel and ock-level prevalences than goats (p < 0.05) and were 13.14 times more likely to be seropositive (OR = 13.14; CI 95%: 1.686-102.382) than goat ocks. A questionnaire was also administered to identify any putative risk factors associated with seropositive cases. Eight risk factors were evaluated, including the total number of goats, total number of sheep, farm size, average rainfall, level of Feliformia, history of abortions and the presence of domesticated cats and strays. Seropositivity to T. gondii was positively associated with the total number of sheep at the farming establishment, history of abortions and farm size (p < 0.05), but not goats. The study concluded that sheep were probably more susceptible to toxoplasmosis than goats and that the T. gondii seroprevalence level in the Khomas region was very low compared to other countries.

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Seroprevalence and risk assessment of Toxoplasma gondii infection in sheep and goats in North and Beqaa governorates of Lebanon

Cited by 3 publications

References 38 publications

Seroprevalence and risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii in sheep and goats of North West Province, South Africa

Seroprevalence and risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii in sheep and goats of North West Province, South Africa

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in sheep and cattle in Shanxi Province, North China

Seroprevalence and associated risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii infection of goats and sheep in the Khomas region of Namibia

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