Seroprevalence and risk factors for lumpy skin disease virus seropositivity in cattle in Uganda

Ochwo, Sylvester; VanderWaal, Kimberly; Munsey, Anna; Nkamwesiga, Joseph; Ndekezi, Christian; Auma, Elda; Mwiine, Frank Norbert

doi:10.1186/s12917-019-1983-9

Cited by 51 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…However, no statistical difference was found between males and females in several studies [ 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 ]. A higher seropositivity was reported in female animals in Uganda [ 57 ], but this could be due to fact that female animals are kept for longer by the farmer than males, which are quickly sold off. Therefore, the observed difference could be linked to the duration of exposure rather than an effect of the sex of the animal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Evaluation of Lumpy Skin Disease Virus-Based Live Attenuated Vaccines

et al. 2021

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Vaccines form the cornerstone of any control, eradication and preventative strategy and this is no different for lumpy skin disease. However, the usefulness of a vaccine is determined by a multiplicity of factors which include stability, efficiency, safety and ease of use, to name a few. Although the vaccination campaign in the Balkans against lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) was successful and has been implemented with success in the past in other countries, data of vaccine failure have also been reported. It was therefore the purpose of this study to compare five homologous live attenuated LSDV vaccines (LSDV LAV) in a standardized setting. All five LSDV LAVs studied were able to protect against a challenge with virulent LSDV. Aside from small differences in serological responses, important differences were seen in side effects such as a local reaction and a Neethling response upon vaccination between the analyzed vaccines. These observations can have important implications in the applicability in the field for some of these LSDV LAVs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Evaluation of Lumpy Skin Disease Virus-Based Live Attenuated Vaccines

et al. 2021

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“…LSD is characterized by skin nodules with enlarged inflamed lymph nodes accompanied by a high persistent fever, pneumonia, lacrimation, and nasal discharge (Al-Salihi and Hassan, 2015). The morbidity rate of LSD ranges from 3 to 85% in different epizootic situations while in the endemic areas, the morbidity rate is estimated at 10% and mortality rate of LSD varies between 1 and 3%, but percentage up to 40% have been reported in severe outbreak conditions (Ochwo et al, 2019).The World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) classifies LSD as a notifiable disease due to the considerable economic impact of an LSD outbreak that comes from:1. The disease is more serious in cows especially through the peak of lactation result in a sharp decline in milk research Article Abstract | Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an infectious viral disease with major economic impacts on the animal wealth in different countries and it became endemic in Egypt.…”

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confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Lumpy Skin Disease in Cattle and Buffalo under Subtropical Environmental Conditions

Faris¹,

El-Bayoumi²,

Kamel³

2021

AAVS

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L umpy skin disease (LSD) is a viral infectious disease caused by a virus (LSDV) in the family Poxviridae, genus Capripoxvirus which is closely related antigenically to poxvirus of sheep and goat. LSD is also referred to as Neethling virus disease, Pseudo-urticaria, and Exanthema Nodularis Bovis. The main species affected by LSD are cattle, though the infection has also been reported in water buffalo (Al-Salihi, 2014;Kiplagat et al., 2020). LSD is characterized by skin nodules with enlarged inflamed lymph nodes accompanied by a high persistent fever, pneumonia, lacrimation, and nasal discharge (Al-Salihi and Hassan, 2015). The morbidity rate of LSD ranges from 3 to 85% in different epizootic situations while in the endemic areas, the morbidity rate is estimated at 10% and mortality rate of LSD varies between 1 and 3%, but percentage up to 40% have been reported in severe outbreak conditions (Ochwo et al., 2019).The World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) classifies LSD as a notifiable disease due to the considerable economic impact of an LSD outbreak that comes from:1. The disease is more serious in cows especially through the peak of lactation result in a sharp decline in milk research Article Abstract | Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an infectious viral disease with major economic impacts on the animal wealth in different countries and it became endemic in Egypt. The present study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of LSD in El-Qalyubia governorate, Egypt, and the related risk factors. In total, 665 blood samples were collected from diseased and apparently healthy animals to detect positive cases. The prevalence of LSD was higher in cattle (36.7%) than in buffalo (15.2%). The animals of age 1-2 years and over 2 years showed a higher prevalence of LSD (42.2% and 34.9%, respectively) than young animals of age less than one year (26.3%). The prevalence was higher in summer and spring (37.7% and 34.1%, respectively) than in the winter season. Also, the highest prevalence of LSD was reported at a high THI level >80 (37.6%). Regarding the locality, Benha, Qaha, and El-Khanater El-Khayria showed the highest prevalence of LSD (45.6%, 44.4%, and 38.4% respectively). Also, the prevalence of LSD in non-vaccinated animals (50%) was higher than in vaccinated animals (34.3%). A univariate logistic regression model was applied to evaluate the risk factors of LSD, followed by forward stepwise multivariate logistic regression. The final multivariate model revealed that the seroprevalence of LSD was significantly associated with animal species and age. Cattle and animals of age 1-2 years have a higher likelihood to be infected with the LSD compared with their contemporaries (OR = 4.08 and 2.35; P = >0.001 and <0.001, respectively). Therefore, early detection of LSD seropositivity among cattle of age 1 -2 years and the application of control measures among localities are the methods of choice to minimize future LSD outbreaks in Egypt.

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“…The protein has the main structural features of the superfamily of G-protein-coupled chemokine receptors, such as seven hydrophobic areas and cysteine residues in the first and second extracellular loops. Even though previous studies have explored the epidemiology of LSDV in Uganda [30,31], there is no data on the molecular characterization of circulating LSDV viruses. These data are important for understanding molecular epidemiology and vaccine design for disease control.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular detection and phylogenetic analysis of lumpy skin disease virus from outbreaks in Uganda 2017–2018

et al. 2020

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Background: Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an infectious viral disease of cattle caused by a Capripoxvirus. LSD has substantial economic implications, with infection resulting in permanent damage to the skin of affected animals which lowers their commercial value. In Uganda, LSD is endemic and cases of the disease are frequently reported to government authorities. This study was undertaken to molecularly characterize lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) strains that have been circulating in Uganda between 2017 and 2018. Secondly, the study aimed to determine the phylogenetic relatedness of Ugandan LSDV sequences with published sequences, available in GenBank. Results: A total of 7 blood samples and 16 skin nodule biopsies were screened for LSDV using PCR to confirm presence of LSDV nucleic acids. PCR positive samples were then characterised by amplifying the GPCR gene. These amplified genes were sequenced and phylogenetic trees were constructed. Out of the 23 samples analysed, 15 were positive for LSDV by PCR (65.2%). The LSDV GPCR sequences analysed contained the unique signatures of LSDV (A11, T12, T34, S99, and P199) which further confirmed their identity. Sequence comparison with vaccine strains revealed a 12 bp deletion unique to Ugandan outbreak strains. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the LSDV sequences from this study clustered closely with sequences from neighboring East African countries and with LSDV strains from recent outbreaks in Europe. It was noted that the sequence diversity amongst LSDV strains from Africa was higher than diversity from Eurasia. Conclusion: The LSDV strains circulating in Uganda were closely related with sequences from neighboring African countries and from Eurasia. Comparison of the GPCR gene showed that outbreak strains differed from vaccine strains. This information is necessary to understand LSDV molecular epidemiology and to contribute knowledge towards the development of control strategies by the Government of Uganda.

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Seroprevalence and risk factors for lumpy skin disease virus seropositivity in cattle in Uganda

Cited by 51 publications

References 33 publications

Comparative Evaluation of Lumpy Skin Disease Virus-Based Live Attenuated Vaccines

Comparative Evaluation of Lumpy Skin Disease Virus-Based Live Attenuated Vaccines

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Lumpy Skin Disease in Cattle and Buffalo under Subtropical Environmental Conditions

Molecular detection and phylogenetic analysis of lumpy skin disease virus from outbreaks in Uganda 2017–2018

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