Seroprevalence and risk factors for lumpy skin disease in cattle in Northern Egypt

Selim, Abdelfattah; Manaa, Eman; Khater, Hanem F.

doi:10.1007/s11250-021-02786-0

Cited by 38 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…These disparities could be explained by differences in sampling techniques, serological tests, ecological factors and encroachment on urban areas [2,6,12,[28][29][30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Canine Leishmaniasis in Egypt

Selim

Shoulah

Abdelhady³

et al. 2021

Veterinary Sciences

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Background: Canine leishmaniasis (CanL) is caused by Leishmania infantum (L. infantum) that is transmitted by sand fly vectors with dogs acting as the main reservoir. Methods: The present study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of CanL in dogs from Egypt and assessed the associated risk factors. The study was conducted from 2019 to 2020 in five governorates situated in Northern Egypt. Serum samples from 450 asymptomatic dogs were serologically examined by use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Overall, the seroprevalence rate of CanL was 21.3% and the highest rates were observed in Cairo and Giza governorates. The univariable analysis revealed that the seropositivity of CanL was strongly related to the dogs′ ages, length of hair, absence of veterinary care or application of insecticides, and the type of floor of their shelters. The risk factors that were found to be associated with CanL in exposed dogs were: age group 2–4 years old (OR = 12, 95% CI: 1.6–92.3); short hair (OR = 2.07, 95% CI: 1.2–3.6); absence of veterinary care (OR = 2.7, 95% CI: 1.3–5.8); no application of insecticides (OR = 3.09, 95% CI: 1.5–6.5) and their residence in a shelter with an earthen floor (OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 0.7–2.9). Conclusions: Based on the present results, CanL is present in Egyptian dogs and this increases the possibility of transmission by sand fly to humans with whom they have contact. Consequently, an efficient monitoring programme and effective control measures are important to reduce the risk of infection.

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“…These disparities could be explained by differences in sampling techniques, serological tests, ecological factors and encroachment on urban areas [2,6,12,[28][29][30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Canine Leishmaniasis in Egypt

Selim

Shoulah

Abdelhady³

et al. 2021

Veterinary Sciences

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“…In Bangladesh, LSD attack risk was significantly higher in small herds than in large herds, and the disease was observed in semi-intensive management systems than intensive management systems [33]. Communal grazing, communal water points, the introduction of a new animal, and contact with other animals were identified as significant risk factors for LSDV infection in cattle in Egypt [34]. Kiplagat et al [35] pointed to raising exotic breeds, outside sources of stock replacement, and large herd size as the main factors associated with LSD outbreaks in Kenya.…”

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Lumpy Skin Disease: An Economically Significant Emerging Disease

Khalafalla¹

2023

Veterinary Medicine and Science

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Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a severe viral disease of cattle caused by the lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV), a member of the Capripoxvirus genus of the poxviridae family. Fever and flat disk-like skin nodules on the skin characterize the disease. It can also lead to death and significant economic losses, especially in herds, that have never been exposed to the virus. Blood-feeding insects, such as specific types of flies, mosquitoes, and ticks, are thought to be the primary vectors of LSDV transmission. Most African and middle eastern countries have a high prevalence of lumpy skin disease. The disease extended to southeast Europe, the Balkans, and the Caucasus in 2015 and 2016 and is still spreading throughout Asia. The World Organization for Animal Health [WOAH] has designated LSD as a notifiable illness due to the likelihood of fast transmission. The rapid spread of disease in formerly disease-free areas emphasizes the need to know the disease epidemiology and the virus’s interaction with its host. This chapter aims to provide the latest developments in the etiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, and control of LSD.

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“…Mosquitoes are dangerous pests to human and animal health because they are vectors for diseases like malaria, filarial nematodes, encephalitis, and the West Nile virus [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. Consequently, mosquito control is a critical requirement worldwide, mainly where freshwater sources predominate [ 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLC) for Biologically Active Green Tea and Fennel Natural Oils Delivery: Larvicidal and Adulticidal Activities against Culex pipiens

et al. 2022

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(1) Background: The control of mosquitoes with essential oils is a growing demand. (2) Methods: This study evaluated the novel larvicidal and adulticidal activity of fennel and green tea oils and their nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) against Culex pipiens (C. pipiens) in the laboratory, field conditions and evaluated their effect against non-target organisms. SLN type II nanoformulations were synthesized and characterized using dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential and transmission electron microscope. (3) Results: The synthesized NLCs showed spherical shaped, homogenous, narrow, and monomodal particle size distribution. The mortality percent (MO%) post-treatment (PT) with 2000 ppm for 24 h with fennel oil and NLC fennel (NLC-F) reached 85% (LC50 = 643.81 ppm) and 100% (LC50 = 251.71), whereas MO% for green tea oil and NLC green tea (NLC-GT) were 80% (LC50 = 746.52 ppm) and 100% (LC50 = 278.63 ppm), respectively. Field trial data showed that the larval reduction percent of fennel oil and NLC-F reached 89.8% and 97.4%, 24 h PT and the reduction percent of green tea oil and NLC-GT reached 89% and 93%, 24 h PT with persistence reached 8 and 7 days, for NLC-F and NLC-GT, respectively. The adulticidal effects showed that NLC-F and NLC-GT (100% mortality) were more effective than fennel and green tea oils (90.0% and 83.33%), with 24 h PT, respectively. Moreover, their reduction of adult density after spraying with LC95 X2 for 15 min, with fennel oil, NLC-F, and green tea oil, NLC-GT were 83.6%, 100%, 79.1%, and 100%, respectively, with persistence (>50%) lasting for three days. The predation rate of the mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis, and the bug, Sphaerodema urinator, was not affected in both oil and its NLC, while the predation rate of the beetle, Cybister tripunctatus increased (66% and 68.3%) by green tea oil and NLC-GT, respectively. (4) Conclusions: NLCs nanoformulation encapsulated essential oils was prepared successfully with unique properties of size, morphology, and stability. In vitro larvicidal and adulticidal effects against C. pipiens supported with field evaluations have been performed using essential oils and their nanoformulations. The biological evaluation of nanoformulations manifested potential results toward both larvicidal and adulticidal compared to the essential oils themselves, especially NLC encapsulated fennel oil which had promising larvicidal and adulticidal activity.

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Seroprevalence and risk factors for lumpy skin disease in cattle in Northern Egypt

Cited by 38 publications

References 30 publications

Seroprevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Canine Leishmaniasis in Egypt

Seroprevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Canine Leishmaniasis in Egypt

Lumpy Skin Disease: An Economically Significant Emerging Disease

Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLC) for Biologically Active Green Tea and Fennel Natural Oils Delivery: Larvicidal and Adulticidal Activities against Culex pipiens

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