Seroprevalence and Risk Factors for Hepatitis B in an Adult Population: The First Report from Birjand, South Khorasan, Iran

Ziaee, Masood; Ebrahimzadeh, Azadeh; Azarkar, Zohreh; Namaei, Mohammad Hasan; Saburi, Amin; Fereidouni, Mohammad; Bijari, Bita; Karamian, Mehdi; Sharifzadeh, Gholamreza

doi:10.5812/hepatmon.36452

Cited by 40 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…There was no estimate of the national prevalence of HBV exposure, defined as positive HBV core antibody (antiHBc Ab), in Iran although several studies reported the prevalence at a city or province level (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10). The prevalence of HBV infection, defined as positive HBV surface antigen (HBs Ag) in Iran was estimated as 1.7% in 1991 and 1999 (11), and 2.1% during 2001 -06 (12).…”

Section: Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Exposure Among General Population in Iran

Hajarizadeh

Mesgarpour²,

Nasiri

et al. 2017

Hepat Mon

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Context: Accurate and updated data describing hepatitis B virus (HBV) epidemiology is crucial for development of national policies to control HBV infection in each country. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of HBV infection and exposure in Iran, using the available provincial data. Methods: MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Scientific Information Database were searched for studies assessing the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBs Ag) or hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc Ab) among the general population between 2006 and 2016 in at least one city of Iran. National prevalence was estimated by two methods. Method 1 used only prevalence estimates of provinces with available survey data. In method 2, all provinces were classified based on the risk of HBV infection among blood donors. HBV prevalence in provinces with missing data was extrapolated from the provinces with available data, and with comparable risk of HBV infection among blood donors. In both methods, national prevalence was estimated using pooled provincial prevalence estimates, weighted by the province population size. Results: Thirteen studies from 12 provinces were included. The prevalence of HBs Ag and anti-HBc Ab varied markedly across provinces. Provincial HBs Ag prevalence ranged from 0.76% to 5.10% (I-square = 91.7%) and provincial anti-HBc Ab prevalence ranged from 4.17% to 36.90% (I-square = 99.3%). Using method 1, the national prevalence of HBs Ag and anti-HBc Ab was estimated as 1.84% (95%CI: 1.61%, 2.09%), and 13.59% (95%CI: 12.92%, 14.29%), respectively. Using method 2, the national prevalence of HBs Ag was estimated as 1.79% (95% uncertainty range: 1.67%, 1.91%), equating to 1,347,000 (1,253,000 -1,434,000) individuals living with chronic HBV infection in Iran. The prevalence of HBs Ag and anti-HBc Ab was higher among men compared to women. Conclusions: HBV prevalence in Iran is low, and has decreased over past decades. However, the risk of HBV infection varies across provinces with some provinces having high HBV prevalence. More detailed data of the HBV epidemiology and transmission in provinces where HBV infection is endemic could support designing the appropriate interventions to control HBV epidemics.

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Section: Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Exposure Among General Population in Iran

Hajarizadeh

Mesgarpour²,

Nasiri

et al. 2017

Hepat Mon

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“…The estimated population of Birjand is about 178 000. The city does not have many industries and is surrounded by deserts (19). Based on Sofian et al (18), the minimum sample size was determined by using the statistical formula of Fisher for calculating sample size (z 2 pq/d 2 ) Where; N = Minimum sample size for a statistically significant survey, Z = Normal deviant at the portion of 95% confidence interval = 1.96, P = prevalence value of total anti-HAV of 61% (P = 0.61), q = 1-p (q = 0.39), and d = margin of error acceptable or measure of precision = 0.05 as n=65.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Seroepidemiologic Study of Hepatitis A in Seven to Eighteen-Year-Old School Children in Birjand: New Concerns and Opportunities

et al. 2018

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Background: Hepatitis A is globally spread and is an important public health problem. Objectives: This study aimed at investigating the seroepidemiology of hepatitis A in students aged seven to eighteen years in Birjand, during year 2016. Methods: This study was a descriptive-analytic research, in which 300 school children aged seven to eighteen years in Birjand city were selected through the cluster sampling method. Subsequently, participants and their parents were requested to fill the questionnaire and were referred to the laboratory for blood sampling in order to examine hepatitis A antibody titer. Data were analyzed using SPSS-21 software and the chi-square test. Results: Hepatitis A antibody test was positive for only 111 out of 300 participants (37%). Females (P = 0.009) and teenagers (P = 0.0001) had significantly higher levels of antibody against HAV. There was a significant difference between the presence of hepatitis A antibody, education level of the mothers of the studied individuals (P = 0.042), and the social level and size of the family (P = 0.041). However, no difference was seen regarding fathers' literacy level (P = 0.284). Conclusions:The findings of the study showed that immunity against HAV was reduced during the past years. The reduced level of immunity against HAV along with several major risk factors for HAV infection, such as neighboring with Afghanistan and health hazards of hepatitis A for Iranian pilgrims visiting Karbala-based shrines in Iraq suggest anti-HAV vaccination as an essential priority.

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“…The inclusion criteria were having the ability to respond to the interviewer, Iranian national identification card and age of 15 to 100 years. Further sampling details are presented by previous studies (12,13). After determination of the samples, study aims were explained and informed consent was obtained.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Cigarette Smoking and Related Factors in Birjand, Iran During Year 2014

et al. 2016

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Background: Smoking is amongst unhealthy behaviors that endangers public health and can impose significant costs on the society. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of cigarette smoking and related factors in Birjand city, Eastern Iran, during year 2014. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 5235 participants in Birjand city, east of Iran, during year 2014. We analyzed comprehensive data from Birjand study. Researchers asked participants to complete a check-list, which contained demographic questions and infectious disease risk factors. Binary logistic regression model was performed and P < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Prevalence of smoking was 7.0% (2.0% in females and 12.7% in males). No history of cigarette smoking (OR = 0.02, P < 0.001), no experience of IV drug abuse (OR = 0.08, P < 0.001) and non-IV drug abuse (OR = 0.08, P < 0.001) had protective effects on cigarette smoking, similar to high school education, but with different odd ratios. Other variables had no significant effect. Conclusions: The prevalence of cigarette smoking was lower than similar studies in Iran. This study showed that males smoked cigarettes more than females. The results showed that it is better to plan for the future to control cigarette smoking and its related factors.

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Seroprevalence and Risk Factors for Hepatitis B in an Adult Population: The First Report from Birjand, South Khorasan, Iran

Cited by 40 publications

References 16 publications

Estimating the Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Exposure Among General Population in Iran

Estimating the Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Exposure Among General Population in Iran

A Seroepidemiologic Study of Hepatitis A in Seven to Eighteen-Year-Old School Children in Birjand: New Concerns and Opportunities

Prevalence of Cigarette Smoking and Related Factors in Birjand, Iran During Year 2014

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