Small ruminants and camels are important livestock species in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), although
Brucella
infection can limit their productivity. This study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of
Brucella
infection and its associated risk factors in small ruminants and camels in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. Additionally, seropositive animals were tested for the DNA of
Brucella
. Multispecies competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA) and multispecies indirect (i-ELISA) were used to test 3,086 animals from 2022 to 2023.
Brucella
cell surface 31 kDa protein (bcsp31) gene-based real-time polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR) was used to detect
Brucella
DNA. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the association between seroprevalence and potential risk factors. The overall seroprevalences of
Brucella
infection were 1.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2%–2.2%) and 5.8% (95% CI, 5.0%–6.7%) based on serial and parallel testing, respectively. The DNA of
Brucella
was detected in 13 of the 51 seropositive animals. The overall seroprevalence of
Brucella
infection was associated with the region, type of animal holding, species, and age of the animals. In conclusion, this study documented
Brucella
infection in small ruminants and camels in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, warranting necessary intervention strategies to eliminate
Brucella
infections in livestock populations.