Seroprevalence of and risk factors for infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in beef cattle herds of Yucatan, Mexico

Solis-Calderon, J.J.; Segura-Correa, Victor M.; Segura-Correa, José C.; Alvarado-Islas, Arcelia

doi:10.1016/s0167-5877(02)00230-1

Cited by 56 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Some of them are well characterized such as the following: age, sex (males are more frequently positive than females) and herd size [10,189]. Direct animal contact, such as purchase of cattle and participation in cattle shows were also found to be important risk factors for the introduction of BoHV-1 [209][210][211].…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Bovine herpesvirus 1 infection and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis

et al. 2007

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-Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1), classified as an alphaherpesvirus, is a major pathogen of cattle. Primary infection is accompanied by various clinical manifestations such as infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, abortion, infectious pustular vulvovaginitis, and systemic infection in neonates. When animals survive, a life-long latent infection is established in nervous sensory ganglia. Several reactivation stimuli can lead to viral re-excretion, which is responsible for the maintenance of BoHV-1 within a cattle herd. This paper focuses on an updated pathogenesis based on a molecular characterization of BoHV-1 and the description of the virus cycle. Special emphasis is accorded to the impact of the latency and reactivation cycle on the epidemiology and the control of BoHV-1. Several European countries have initiated BoHV-1 eradication schemes because of the significant losses incurred by disease and trading restrictions. The vaccines used against BoHV-1 are described in this context where the differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals is of critical importance to achieve BoHV-1 eradication.

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Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Bovine herpesvirus 1 infection and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis

et al. 2007

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“…Finally, most researchers agree with the result than bigger herd size is an important risk factor for infection with BHV1 (Mazzucchelli, 1995;McGowan and Murray, 1998;Nardelli et al, 1999;Solis-Calderon et al, 2003;Boelaert et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV1) infection in non-vaccinated cattle herds in Andalusia (South of Spain)

González-García

Maldonado

Gómez-Pacheco

et al. 2009

Span. j. agric. res.

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An epidemiological and serological survey of bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV1) infection was conducted in Andalusia from January to April of 2000. A total of 4,035 blood samples were collected from 164 herds. A questionnaire, which included variables potentially associated with infection, was filled out for each herd. Serum samples were obtained to identify specific BHV1 antibodies and were tested using a blocking ELISA test. The observed crude odds ratio (OR) (estimate of the chance of a particular event occurring in an exposed group in relation to its rate of occurrence in a nonexposed group) for vaccination is 9.8 (95 % confidence interval: 8.3-11.7). The vaccinated group comprised large dairy farms. This study can only be considered as representative of unvaccinated, small to medium size dairy farms and beef farms in Andalusia. True seroprevalence of the BHV1 virus in nonvaccinated bovine populations in Andalusia reached 45.7% of individuals and 70.4% of herds. Risk factors for BHV1 infection in bovine Andalusian nonvaccinated herds are nonexistence of specific cattle infrastructure (OR: 3.07), beef crossbreeding (OR: 7.90), affiliation with Livestock Health Defence Associations (OR: 2.57), a history of reproductive disorders (OR: 8.39), external replacement (OR: 2.74), proximity to an urban area (OR: 6.11) and herd size (41.98). To control for confounding effects, a binomial logistic regression model was developed. From this regression, BHV1 infections are concentrated in large herds, with external replacement, located close to urban areas. This is the first published report on BHV1 prevalence in the South of Spain.Additional key words: dispersion, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, logistic regression, multivariate model. Resumen Seroprevalencia y factores de riesgo asociados a la infección por el Herpesvirus Bovino tipo 1 (BHV1) en rebaños bovinos no vacunados de AndalucíaDesde enero a abril de 2000 se ha realizado un estudio epidemiológico y serológico sobre la infección por el herpesvirus bovino tipo 1 (HVB1) en Andalucía, donde se tomaron un total de 4035 muestras de sangre procedentes de 164 rebaños, donde además se cumplimentó un cuestionario que incluye variables potencialmente asociadas a la infección. Mediante un kit ELISA de bloqueo se evaluó la presencia de anticuerpos frente al HVB1. El valor de odds ratio (OR) (probabilidad que tiene un suceso de ocurrir en un grupo expuesto a un factor en relación a la probabilidad en un grupo no expuesto) cruda para la vacunación frente al HVB1 es de 9,8 (IC 95%: 8,[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]7). Al haberse vacunado las granjas grandes, que fueron eliminadas, el estudio es representativo sólo de granjas de pequeño y mediano tamaño. La prevalencia real en animales no vacunados es del 45,7%, mientras que la dispersión es del 70,4%. Los factores de riesgo detectados son: inexistencia de infraestructuras específicas (OR: 3,07), animales de razas no puras (OR: 7,90), pertenencia a asociaciones de defensa sanitaria (OR: 2,57), historial de trastornos reproducti...

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“…The central zone and western zone comprises of many districts and has large sized dairy farms resulting in maximum sales and purchase of animals in these zones of the state. The stock density and mixing of animals in closed farms allow virus to spread (Solis-Calderon et al, 2003) which might be cause of higher prevalence of animals in central plain zone and western zone. This heterogeneity of seroprevalence may be related to regional density of dairy establishments as well as relatedness between individual herds.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%