Seroprevalence of anti-<i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>and anti-<i>Borrelia</i>species antibodies in patients with schizophrenia: a case–control study from western Turkey

Cevızcı, Sibel; Çelik, Merve; Akçalı, Alper; Öyekçin, Demet Güleç; Şahin, Özlem Öztürk; Bakar, Çoşkun

doi:10.3109/15622975.2015.1012224

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…There are several reports of higher T. gondii serological prevalence in patients with schizophrenia (Cetinkaya et al ., 2007; Tamer et al ., 2008; Dogruman et al ., 2009; Tanyüksel et al ., 2010; Çelik et al ., 2015; Cevizci et al ., 2015; Karabulut et al ., 2015; Yuksel et al . 2010) and patients with chronic renal failure (Yazar et al ., 2003; Ocak et al ., 2005), neoplastic disorders (Yazar et al ., 2004), cirrhosis (Ustun et al ., 2004; Atilla et al ., 2015), chronic heart failure (Yazar et al ., 2006), reactive arthritis (Sert et al ., 2007), idiopathic Parkinson's disease (Celik et al ., 2010), Alzheimer's disease (Kusbeci et al ., 2011) and Multiple Sclerosis (Koskderelioglu et al ., 2017); however, the sample size and appropriate controls were lacking for cause effect relationship.…”

Section: Toxoplasmosis In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of toxoplasmosis in humans and animals in Turkey

Kolören

Dubey

2019

Parasitology

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Infections by the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii are widely prevalent in humans and animals in Turkey but little is known of the burden of their clinical toxoplasmosis. Many early papers on toxoplasmosis in Turkey were published in Turkish and often not available widely. Here, we review prevalence, clinical spectrum, epidemiology and diagnosis of T. gondii in humans and animals in Turkey. This knowledge should be useful to biologists, public health workers, veterinarians and physicians. Although one-third of the human population in Turkey is seropositive, the rate of congenital toxoplasmosis is unknown and no information is available in children 12 years old or younger. One large outbreak of acute toxoplasmosis has been reported in 14–18-year old school children in Turkey. An alarming rate (36%) of T. gondii tissue cysts were reported in tissues of sheep and water buffalo meats destined for human consumption; these reports require verification. Genetically, T. gondii strains from domestic cats and wild birds in Turkey were generally classical type II and III, like those prevalent in Europe. A separate genotype, Type 1 Africa, was isolated from two congenitally infected children and a domestic cat in Turkey.

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Section: Toxoplasmosis In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of toxoplasmosis in humans and animals in Turkey

Kolören

Dubey

2019

Parasitology

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“…These variables are essential risk factors for T. gondii seroconversion. Direct contact with infected cats is the primary cause of T. gondii seroconversion; Consumption of unclean water could cause toxoplasmosis via T. gondii oocysts; Ingestion of contaminated raw meat may cause infection with T. gondii cysts [30][31][32]. In addition to the risk factors that could explain the possible association of toxoplasmosis and schizophrenia, physiological mechanisms could strengthen this correlation by the fact that the presence of Toxoplasma in the CNS that certainly causes adequate tropism and deregulation of neurotransmitter gene expression, promoting the development of psychoses, including schizophrenia [24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Toxoplasma gondii seropositivity and schizophrenia in the Lebanese population: potential implication of genetic polymorphism of MMP-9

Mouhawess¹,

Hammoud

Zoghbi

et al. 2020

BMC Psychiatry

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Background Toxoplasma multiplication and its persistence into the brain cause a local neuroinflammatory reaction, resulting synthesis of neurotransmitters involved in neurological disorders, especially schizophrenia. The Matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) protein can play a major role in this neuroinflammation. It can promote extravasation and migration of infected immune cells into the brain. The objectives of this study are to determine the possible association between schizophrenia and toxoplasmosis and highlight the existence of gene polymorphism encoding MMP-9 protein’s in patients presented both schizophrenia and toxoplasmosis. Methods A case-control study was conducted on 150 patients with schizophrenia (case group), and 150 healthy persons (control group). Groups were matched with age, gender, and place of residence. The survey was conducted using a questionnaire and a serological profile assay for specific IgG and IgM antibodies against T. gondii. Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) of gene polymorphism encoding MMP-9 was performed on 83 cases selected randomly. Results Data show a significant association between toxoplasmosis (IgM+/IgG+ serological profile) and schizophrenia. Significant effects of raw meat consumption and contact with cats have been associated with the occurrence of schizophrenia. PCR-RFLP shows the presence of muted allele of MMP-9 gene in selected cases whose present T. gondii serological profile IgM+/IgG+ and IgM-/IgG+ respectively. Conclusion Toxoplasmosis may be one of the etiological causes of schizophrenia, and MMP-9 gene polymorphism could be involved in the occurrence mechanism of this pathology following Toxoplasma infection.

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“…(2) Alcohol abuse generally impairs the immune response [12] thereby heightening the risk for severe infectious diseases such as tuberculosis [13] and community-acquired pneumonia [14]. (3) For schizophrenia and related disorders, viral infections were reported (e.g., Herpes simplex , Epstein-Barr , Arboviruses , Polio ) [15], as well as infections with Toxoplasma gondii and Borrelia [16]. For patients with Alzheimer’s disease, studies showed a heightened risk for bacterial infections with spirochetes and Chlamydophilia pneumoniae [17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial infections among patients with psychiatric disorders: Relation with hospital stay, age, and psychiatric diagnoses

et al. 2018

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The prevalence of infections is supposed to be higher in older patients and to extend the length of hospital stays. This study aimed, first, to test this supposition within a large psychiatric population which we divided into four clusters of psychiatric ICD-10 diagnoses: F00-F03 (dementias), F10 (substance disorders), F20-29 (schizophrenia, schizophreniform and other non-mood psychotic disorders), F32-F33 (major depressive disorders). Second, despite the increasing evidence for the role of infections in psychiatric disorders, it is, to the best of our knowledge, largely unknown whether the rates of infections with pathogens of the four most frequent germ families differ between psychiatric diseases. Thus, in a retrospective study, the results of clinical routine examinations (pap smear, analysis of midstream urine, stool) dependent on symptoms in 8545 patients of a German psychiatric clinic were analyzed in a 12-year dataset. Results show that a longer hospital stay was associated with an increased number of microbiological tests, but led to no significant difference between positive vs. negative findings. Consistent with previous studies, patients with infections were older than patients without infections. For the F10 diagnosis cluster we found a significantly reduced (F10: Staphylococcaceae) and for the F20-29 cluster a heightened risk of infections (Staphylococcaceae, Corynebacteriaceae). Furthermore, patients belonging to the F00-F03 cluster exhibited elevated rates of infections with all four germ families. The latter can be ascribed to patients’ age as we found higher age to be associated with these infections, independently of the presence of dementia. Our results suggest that different psychiatric diagnoses are associated with a heightened or lowered risk of bacterial infections and, furthermore, that clinical routine infection-screenings for elderly psychiatric patients seems to be reasonable.

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Seroprevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondiiand anti-Borreliaspecies antibodies in patients with schizophrenia: a case–control study from western Turkey

Cited by 8 publications

References 38 publications

A review of toxoplasmosis in humans and animals in Turkey

A review of toxoplasmosis in humans and animals in Turkey

Relationship between Toxoplasma gondii seropositivity and schizophrenia in the Lebanese population: potential implication of genetic polymorphism of MMP-9

Bacterial infections among patients with psychiatric disorders: Relation with hospital stay, age, and psychiatric diagnoses

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