Seroprevalence of anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 IgG antibodies in children with household exposure to adults with COVID‐19: Preliminary findings

Buonsenso, Danilo; Valentini, Piero; Pata, Davide; Sinatti, Dario; Speziale, Domenico; Ricci, Rosalba; Carfì, Angelo; Landi, Francesco; Ferrari, Vittoria; Maio, Flavio De; Palucci, Ivana; Sanguinetti, Maurizio; Sali, Michela

doi:10.1002/ppul.25280

Cited by 33 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As expected, having an infected cohabitant strongly correlates with IgG positivity, confirming an intrafamilial model of transmission, which is helpful in detecting asymptomatic cases or suspecting late manifestations of the infection such as multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) or the hypothesized persistence of COVID-19 symptoms, the so-called “Long COVID” [ 10 ]. Moreover, our observation that 10/20 (50%) children reporting an infected household resulted IgG positive is in accordance with previous studies on the topic [ 11 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Italian pediatric population: a regional seroepidemiological study

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Data on the effective burden of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in pediatric population are very limited, mostly because of the higher rate of asymptomatic or paucisymptomatic cases among children. Updated data on COVID-19 prevalence are needed for their relevance in public health and for infection control policies. In this single-centre cross-sectional study we aimed to assess prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection through IgG antibodies detection in an Italian pediatric cohort. Methods The study was conducted in January 2021 among both inpatients and outpatients referring to Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health “Burlo Garofolo” in Trieste, Friuli Venezia-Giulia, Italy, who needed for blood test for any reason. Collected samples were sent to Italian National Institute of Health for analysis through chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA). Results One hundred sixty-nine patients were included in the study, with a median age of 10.5 ± 4.1 years, an equal distribution for sex (49.7% female patients), and a 55.6% prevalence of comorbidities. Prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 trimeric Spike protein IgG antibodies was 9.5% (n = 16), with a medium titre of 482.3 ± 387.1 BAU/mL. Having an infected cohabitant strongly correlated with IgG positivity (OR 23.83, 95% CI 7.19–78.98, p < 0.0001), while a cohabitant healthcare worker wasn’t associated with a higher risk (OR 1.53, 95% CI 0.4–5.86, p 0.46). All of the 5 patients who had previously tested positive to a nasopharyngeal swab belonged to the IgG positive group, with a 3-month interval from the infection at most. Conclusion We assessed a 9.5% SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in a pediatric cohort from Friuli Venezia-Giulia region in January 2021, showing a substantial increase after the second peak of the pandemic occurred starting from October 2020, compared to 1% prevalence observed by National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT) in July 2020.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Italian pediatric population: a regional seroepidemiological study

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The predictive performance of the exposure-based models was generally better than that of the symptom-based models. In line with other studies (27,28), our results indicate that information on SARS-CoV-2 situation in the household can be valuable for identifying SARS-CoV-2 infections in children. In particular, RT-PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases in household members proved to be consistent predictors for seropositivity in children, with similar effect sizes in T1 and T2, and also in comparison with other studies (13,29).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Prediction of Past SARS-CoV-2 Infections: A Prospective Cohort Study Among Swiss Schoolchildren

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: To assess the predictive value of symptoms, sociodemographic characteristics, and SARS-CoV-2 exposure in household, school, and community setting for SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity in Swiss schoolchildren at two time points in 2020.Design: Serological testing of children in primary and secondary schools (aged 6–13 and 12–16 years, respectively) took place in June–July (T1) and October–November (T2) 2020, as part of the longitudinal, school-based study Ciao Corona in the canton of Zurich, Switzerland. Information on sociodemographic characteristics and clinical history was collected with questionnaires to parents; information on school-level SARS-CoV-2 infections was collected with questionnaires to school principals. Community-level cumulative incidence was obtained from official statistics. We used logistic regression to identify individual predictors of seropositivity and assessed the predictive performance of symptom- and exposure-based prediction models.Results: A total of 2,496 children (74 seropositive) at T1 and 2,152 children (109 seropositive) at T2 were included. Except for anosmia (odds ratio 15.4, 95% confidence interval [3.4–70.7]) and headache (2.0 [1.03–3.9]) at T2, none of the individual symptoms were significantly predictive of seropositivity at either time point. Of all the exposure variables, a reported SARS-CoV-2 case in the household was the strongest predictor for seropositivity at T1 (12.4 [5.8–26.7]) and T2 (10.8 [4.5–25.8]). At both time points, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was greater for exposure-based (T1, 0.69; T2, 0.64) than symptom-based prediction models (T1, 0.59; T2, 0.57).Conclusions: In children, retrospective identification of past SARS-CoV-2 infections based on symptoms is imprecise. SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity is better predicted by factors of SARS-CoV-2 exposure, especially reported SARS-CoV-2 cases in the household. Predicting SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity in children in general is challenging, as few reliable predictors could be identified. For an accurate retrospective identification of SARS-CoV-2 infections in children, serological tests are likely indispensable.Trial registration number: NCT04448717.

show abstract

“…For example, one cross-sectional study found that the SARS-CoV-2 IgG rate was double in the children population compared to the adult population [52]. Conversely, another study found similar antibody rates across all age groups [53].…”

Section: Long-term Symptoms and Effects On Physical Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long Term Physical, Mental and Social Health Effects of COVID-19 in the Pediatric Population: A Scoping Review

Borel

Xie

Mihalcea

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background. The majority of COVID-19 symptom presentations in adults and children appear to run their course within a couple of weeks. However, a subgroup of adults has started to emerge with effects lasting several months or more after initial infection. However, little is known about long term physical, mental and social health effects of COVID-19 in the pediatric population. The purpose of this review was to determine these impacts well into the second year of the pandemic. Methods. A search was conducted using PUBMED, Web of Science, Science Direct, and COCHRANE between 11/1/2019 and 9/1/2021. Search inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) COVID-19 illness and symptoms in children; (2) SARS-COv2 in children; (3) English language; and (4) human studies only. Results. The few studies that have documented long-term physical symptoms in children show that fatigue, difficulty in concentrating (brain fog), sleep disturbances, and sensory problems are the most reported outcomes. Most studies examining the impact of COVID-19 in pediatric populations have focused on initial clinical presentation, and symptoms, which are similar to those in adult populations. Additionally, COVID-19 has had a moderate impact on children and adolescents social environment, which may exacerbate current and future physiological, psychological, behavioral, and academic outcomes. Conclusions. There are limited studies reporting long physical symptoms of COVID-19 in the pediatric population. However, pediatric COVID-19 cases are underreported due to low rates of testing and symptomatic infection, which calls for more longitudinal studies. Children who have experienced COVID-19 illness should be monitored for long physiological, psychological, behavioral, and academic outcomes.

show abstract

Seroprevalence of anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 IgG antibodies in children with household exposure to adults with COVID‐19: Preliminary findings

Cited by 33 publications

References 11 publications

Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Italian pediatric population: a regional seroepidemiological study

Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Italian pediatric population: a regional seroepidemiological study

Prediction of Past SARS-CoV-2 Infections: A Prospective Cohort Study Among Swiss Schoolchildren

Long Term Physical, Mental and Social Health Effects of COVID-19 in the Pediatric Population: A Scoping Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About