Seroprevalence of Capripoxvirus infection in sheep and goats among different agro-climatic zones of Odisha, India

Abstract

Aim:The study was undertaken to assess the prevalence of antibodies to Capripoxviruses among small ruminants of Odisha, India.Materials and Methods:A total of 500 random serum samples collected from 214 sheep and 286 goats across 10 agro-climatic zones of Odisha, were screened using whole virus antigen-based indirect ELISA for antibodies against Capripoxviruses. Results were analyzed by suitable statistical methods.Results:Screening of 500 serum samples showed seropositivity of 8.88% and 31.47% in sheep and goats, respectively, for Capripoxviruses. The prevalence rate according to agro-climatic zone ranged from 0% (North Eastern coastal plain zone) to 48.57% (North central plateau zone) for goat pox, and 0% (Western undulating zone and North central plateau) to 22.22% (South Eastern ghat zone) for sheep pox. The difference in prevalence rates among the various agro-climatic zones was statistically significant (p<0.05) for goats, but not for sheep. Antibody prevalence rates among various districts were recorded to be the highest in Jagatsinghpur (30%) for sheep pox and Dhenkanal (80%) for goat pox.Conclusions:The study revealed serological evidence of Capripoxvirus infection in sheep and goat populations in the study area, in the absence of vaccination. Systematic investigation, monitoring, and reporting of outbreaks are necessary to devise control strategies.

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) outbreaks in cattle in Odisha state, India in August 2019: Epidemiological features and molecular studies

“…There was no evidence of skin nodular disease among the in‐contact sheep and goats in the affected cattle holdings which correlates well with the previous report that LSDV does not infect and is not transmitted between sheep and goats (Ahmed & Kawther, 2008). Seroprevalence against capripoxvirus in sheep and goats has been reported in Odisha state during a survey conducted in 2015–2016 (Hota et al., 2018). However, there is a lack of information on capripoxvirus seroprevalence prior to and following the LSD outbreaks in the affected region.…”

“…No or low mortality rate during LSD outbreaks has also been observed in some other countries, such as 0.40% in Greece (Tasioudi et al, 2016), 0.51% in Iraq (Al-Salihi & Hassan, 2015) and <1% in Egypt (Abd El-Rahim, El-Ballal, & Hussein, 2002 (Ahmed & Kawther, 2008). Seroprevalence against capripoxvirus in sheep and goats has been reported in Odisha state during a survey conducted in 2015-2016 (Hota et al, 2018). However, there is a lack of information on capripoxvirus seroprevalence prior to and following the LSD outbreaks in the affected region.…”

Selection for Favorable Health Traits: A Potential Approach to Cope with Diseases in Farm Animals

“…Although live vaccines have been developed and are used worldwide, sheep pox still persists in regions where vaccination is routinely practiced, causing huge economic losses to the sheep industry [ 30 ]. Up to 22% [ 31 ] and 40% [ 32 ] of sheep in India and Ethiopia were infected by this disease, respectively. Annual economic losses from sheep pox disease in Maharashtra, India, were 2.4 million US dollars due to high mortality rates [ 33 ].…”

An association of Orf virus infection among sheep and goats with herd health programme in Terengganu state, eastern region of the peninsular Malaysia

“…Many outbreaks of contagious ecthyma disease in different part of the world including but not limited to Africa, Middle East, Europe, North America and most of the Asean countries including Malaysia [7, 22, 23] thus it has have become a major concern due to the huge economic losses. According to Onyango et al [24] the estimated national costs of orf disease in the British sheep industry based could reach up to a staggering ₤10 million.…”