Seroprevalence of Free-Ranging Chicken Toxoplasmosis 
 in Sub-Urban Regions of Shiraz, Iran

Toxoplasma gondii causes toxoplasmosis with a global prevalence in the world. A large proportion of human illness is most frequently associated with consuming raw and undercooked meat or other animal products containing infective parasitic stages of T. gondii . This systematic review and meta-analysis study evaluated the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in cattle, sheep, camels, goats, and poultry worldwide. The search was performed in databases including PubMed, WoS, Scopus, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and ISC from 2000 to 2019 in Persian and English. The main inclusion criteria were the prevalence of toxoplasmosis among livestock and poultry and the prevalence indices by sample size. During these 20 years, the overall prevalence of toxoplasmosis in livestock and poultry was 28.3% (95% confidence interval (CI) 25–31.9%) using the random-effects meta-analysis model. The highest prevalence of T. gondii in livestock and poultry animals was found in Asia in 2014 with 89.8% (95% CI 78.5–95.5%). The lowest prevalence was found in Asia in 2013 with 1.26% (95% CI 0.4–3.8%). A quarter of livestock and poultry were infected with T. gondii . Since livestock products are globally important sources of people's diet, our findings are useful for policymakers to control T. gondii infection in livestock. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10393-022-01575-x.

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A Meta-Analysis of the Prevalence of Toxoplasmosis in Livestock and Poultry Worldwide

Hajimohammadi

Ahmadian

Firoozi

et al. 2022

EcoHealth

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Toxoplasma gondii: sexual transmission in mice

et al. 2013

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This study was performed to evaluate sexual transmission of Toxoplasma gondii in mice. RH strain tachyzoites were intraperitoneally inoculated into 10 Balb/C male mice and after 48 h, their semen were collected from epididymis and examined by giemsa staining and PCR. Twenty Balb/C female mice mated with four infected male mice four times and any mating time was 48 h whilst 20 female control mice mated with four uninfected male mice for 8 days. Female mate choice was assessed using a threechambered cage. Four female mice were placed in a central chamber and in one side of it, two infected male mice were kept and in other side, two naïve male mice were placed. Due each quarter, every of the female movement was reported and then the female was replaced to middle chamber. Besides on the detection of DNA and whole parasite in semen, no abortion and death was seen in female mice. Pregnancy was seen only 4 out of 20 female mice which mated with infected males while 17 pregnancies were seen from 20 control female mice (P value = 0.0001). No statistical significant was seen in female mate choice between naïve male (45 movement) and infected male (36 movement). This study showed that toxoplasmosis could not transmit to female mice and their offspring due to mating and the parasite had not effect on female mate choice. It seems that infected male mice cannot entirely mate with females due to reduction of male weapon and body size, physiological vigor and energy.

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Birds and poultries toxoplasmosis in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Shokri

Sharif

Teshnizi

et al. 2017

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine

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Seroprevalence of Free-Ranging Chicken Toxoplasmosis in Sub-Urban Regions of Shiraz, Iran

Cited by 14 publications

References 17 publications

A Meta-Analysis of the Prevalence of Toxoplasmosis in Livestock and Poultry Worldwide

A Meta-Analysis of the Prevalence of Toxoplasmosis in Livestock and Poultry Worldwide

Toxoplasma gondii: sexual transmission in mice

Birds and poultries toxoplasmosis in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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