Seroprevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C: A community based study conducted in İzmir, Turkey

Köse, Şükran; Mandıracıoğlu, Aliye; Çavdar, Gülsün; Ulu, Yıldız; Türken, Melda; Gozaydin, Ayhan; Gürbüz, İlhan; Sarıavcı, Şenol; Nohutçu, Neşe

doi:10.5505/kjms.2014.21043

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Therefore, this needs prompt surveillance strategies for prevention and control, as well as screening for care and treatments. On the other hand, this study revealed much higher findings than previous studies conducted in more developed regions, eg, 1.6% in Europe, 54 2.5% in South Korea, 55 2.8% in Turkey, 56 and 1.4% in Brazil. 57 Compared with these countries, the magnitude of HBV is considerably high.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 92%

Burden and Transmission Risks of Viral Hepatitis in Southern Ethiopia: Evidence Needed for Prevention and Control Measures

Beykaso¹,

Mulu²,

Giday³

et al. 2021

RMHP

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Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are significant causes of liver-associated morbidity and mortality for millions of people globally. Ethiopia is one of the viral hepatitis-endemic countries with no national strategy for surveillance and limited data. As such, this study aimed to investigated the extent and associated risk factors of HBV and HCV among community members in southern Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2020 to August 2020. A structured questionnaire was used to collect behavioral and sociodemographic data. Serum samples were collected and assayed for seromarkers of HBV (HBsAg, anti-HBc, and anti-HBs) and HCV (anti-HCV) using ELISAs. In HBsAg-positive samples, HBV DNA was further quantified using RT-PCR. Data were entered into EpiData 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS 21.0. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis were employed. Results:The study included 693 participants. Seromarkers for HBsAg, anti-HCV, anti-HBc, and anti-HBs were found to be 9.5%, 1.4%, 31.1%, and 14.3%, respectively. In 66 HBsAg positives, 57 (86.4%) had quantifiable HBV DNA. Prevalence of current HBV infection (HBsAg + , anti-HBc + , anti-HBs -) and lifetime exposure (positive for either HBsAg or anti-HBc) to HBV were 8.7% and 31.9%, respectively, and 63.1% of participants were vulnerable or had no evidence of prior HBV infection (HBsAg -, anti-HBc -, anti-HBs -). On multivariate logistic regression analysis, multiple sexual contacts, family history of hepatitis infection, alcohol consumption, and khat chewing were significantly associated with HBV. The seroprevalence of HBV was relatively high in this study area. Conclusion:This study showed high prevalence of HBV infection, but low prevalence of HCV. This indicates that HBV is a major health problem in this community. Populationbased surveillance, care, and treatment, as well as behavioral change and education programs, should be enhanced to minimize risk exposure.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 92%

Burden and Transmission Risks of Viral Hepatitis in Southern Ethiopia: Evidence Needed for Prevention and Control Measures

Beykaso¹,

Mulu²,

Giday³

et al. 2021

RMHP

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“…This is at variance with the ratio of 1.3:1 reported by Sirisena, et al [7] in a similar study in an urban community in Jos, but similar to a report from Turkey where 62.7% were female donors while 37.3% were male [26]. The gender ratio of this study represents apparently healthy individuals who voluntarily turned up for the survey.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Sero-Epidemiology of HBsAg among Health Workers in a South-eastern Nigerian Health Center: Challenges in Diagnosis

Nwabuko¹

2016

JHVRV

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Hepatitis B virus infection represent a major public health problem responsible for acute and chronic viral infections, HBV-related liver disease or hepatocellular carcinoma. Sub-Saharan Africa is worse hit by HBV infection and its related morbidity and mortality. Despite the burden of HBV in the region, the challenges confronting people living with HBV include making diagnosis and provision of their comparable estimates. This study aimed at analyzing the sero-prevalence of HBsAg among health workers and possible challenges in assessment of HBV prevalence in a resource-limited sub-Saharan African country. Blood samples from 275 consented health workers were tested for HBsAg using third generation ELISA. Data analysis was obtained using SPSS version 20. HBsAg screening was performed on a consecutive sample of 275 respondents (95 males and 180 females with M/F ratio of 1:1.9) aged 18-59 years who voluntarily turned up for the survey. Mean age ± SD was 36.1 ± 9.6 years. The overall prevalence of HBV was 1.5% (4/275). The prevalence in females 3/180 (1.7%) was insignificantly higher than males 1/95 (1.1%) (P>0.05).In relation to age group, the younger age group (< 20 years) has significantly higher prevalence (1/5 (20%) compared to other age groups (P=0.02). Blood transfusion and vaginal discharge (STD) were the highest predisposing factors to HBV infection with ORs of 5.9 and 4.2 respectively. This study, although limited by small sample size, showed a reduced prevalence of HBV among the health workers. The result from this study may not be a true reflection of the prevalence of HBV in south-eastern Nigeria, hence the need to involve larger population size in subsequent study. There is need to institute elaborated serological and virological diagnostic markers for the diagnosis of HBV infection in our health institutions. Also, targeted group health education and national guidelines for hepatitis B prevention and treatment must be provided by the Federal Ministry of Health, Nigeria. These interventions will go a long way to curb the prevalence of HBV infection to the barest minimum.

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“…27 The prevalence of HBsAg in the current study is much higher than the 3.5% prevalence findings reported in a community in Gojjam, Ethiopia, 28 2.1% in Kenya, 29 3.5% worldwide magnitude in the general population 9 and similar research conducted in developed countries, eg, 1.4% in Brazil, 30 1.6% in Europe, 31 2.5% in South Korea 32 and 2.8% in Turkey. 33 This variation between Ethiopia and the others might be the study population difference, study duration, geographical factors, and knowledge differences about the transmission. In another way, the relative increase in the prevalence of HBsAg indicates that the area should be one of the priority target areas for the prevention and control of hepatitis, as well as screening for care and treatments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Undiagnosed Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B and C Virus Infections in the Community of Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia

Kumalo¹,

Teklu²,

Demisse³

et al. 2022

HMER

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Background Despite Ethiopia’s hepatitis endemic status with intermediate to hyperendemic level, there is no national strategy for monitoring, preventing, and controlling viral hepatitis. In order to advise community-based intervention programs, studies on the magnitude, determinant factors, and understanding of indigenous social organization are important. Thus, this study examined undiagnosed seroprevalence and associated factors for HBV and HCV infections among community members in Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 320 individuals from randomly selected two woredas in the Wolaita Zone to determine the magnitude of HBV and HCV. Multistage sampling was used to select participants. Relevant clinical and sociodemographic data were collected using a structured questionnaire. One test strip technique was used for the screening of hepatitis B surface antigen and for antibodies against HCV. Both tests were confirmed by ELISA methods. The associated factors were assessed using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results The seroprevalence for HBV infection was 6.6% (95% CI: 4.22%, 8.69%) using a one-step HBsAg test strip and 5.6% (95% CI: 3.47%, 8.58%) using confirmatory test (ELISA). The two tests had a very good agreement (K = 0.918; SE = 0.047; P < 0.001). The overall seroprevalence for HCV infection was 1.9% (95% CI: 0.9%, 3.0%). All four of the one-step HCV test strip positives were also positive by ELISA. One (0.3%) of the participants was co-infected with HBV and HCV. Hospital admission (AOR = 0.22; 95% CI = 0.5–0.95) and needle stick (AOR = 0.15; 95% CI = 0.07–0.72) were independently associated with HBV infections. Conclusion According to the current study, in Wolaita community, there is endemic to HBV at a higher-intermediate level and to HCV at a low level. It would be imperative to increase awareness of transmission modes and prevention of infection, as well as vaccination, in order to reduce the burden of both HBV and HCV.

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Seroprevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C: A community based study conducted in İzmir, Turkey

Cited by 6 publications

References 17 publications

Burden and Transmission Risks of Viral Hepatitis in Southern Ethiopia: Evidence Needed for Prevention and Control Measures

Burden and Transmission Risks of Viral Hepatitis in Southern Ethiopia: Evidence Needed for Prevention and Control Measures

Sero-Epidemiology of HBsAg among Health Workers in a South-eastern Nigerian Health Center: Challenges in Diagnosis

Undiagnosed Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B and C Virus Infections in the Community of Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia

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