Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus co-infection among HIV-1-positive patients in North-Central Nigeria: The urgent need for surveillance

Akindigh, Terver M; Joseph, Abba O; Robert, C.; Okojokwu, Ocheme Julius; Okechalu, Juliet; Anejo-Okopi, Joseph

doi:10.4102/ajlm.v8i1.622

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Despite the high burden of HBV in Nigeria, there is no efficient surveillance system for monitoring and understanding the epidemiology of the infection [22,23]. Program data are deficient as pregnant women are not routinely screened for HBV [24,25] and populationbased serosurveys are not regularly conducted [22,26,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women in Nigeria

Olakunde

Adeyinka

Olakunde³

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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Background Nigeria has a high burden of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, commonly acquired through vertical transmission. However, there is a lack of an efficient surveillance system for monitoring and understanding the epidemiology of HBV among pregnant women. Building on a previous review on the prevalence of HBV in Nigeria (2000–2013), we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of HBV prevalence among pregnant women in Nigeria. Methods Four electronic databases PubMed, Embase, Global Health, and Scopus were systematically searched from January 2014 to February 2021. We also searched the African Journal Online and manually scanned the reference lists of the identified studies for potentially eligible articles. Observational studies that reported the prevalence of HBsAg and/or HBeAg among pregnant women in peer-reviewed journals were included in the study. We performed a meta-analysis using a random-effects model. We defined HBV infection as a positive test to HBsAg. Results From the 158 studies identified, 20 studies with a total sample size of 26, 548 were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of HBV infection among pregnant women across the studies was 6.49% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.75–8.46%; I2 = 96.7%, p = 0.001; n = 20). The prevalence of HBV was significantly lower among pregnant women with at least secondary education compared with those with no education or primary education (prevalence ratio = 0.7, 95% CI = 0.58–0.87; n = 10). However, the prevalence of HBV was not significantly different by age, religion, marital status, or tribe. The prevalence of HBV was not significantly different among pregnant women with previous surgery, blood transfusion, multiple lifetime sex partners, tribal marks, tattoos, scarification, or sexually transmitted infections, compared with those without these risk factors. From a total sample size of 128 (n = 7), the pooled prevalence of HBeAg among HBV-infected pregnant women was 14.59% (95% CI = 4.58–27.99%; I2 = 65.5%, p = 0.01). Subgroup analyses of HBV infection by study region and screening method, and meta-regression analysis of the study year, sample size, and quality rating were not statistically significant. Conclusions There is an intermediate endemicity of HBV infection among pregnant women in Nigeria. Interventions, such as routine antenatal HBV screening, antiviral prophylaxis for eligible pregnant women, and infant HBV vaccination should be scaled up for the prevention of perinatal transmission of HBV infection in Nigeria.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women in Nigeria

Olakunde

Adeyinka

Olakunde³

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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“…[28]. On the contrary, other studies reported that males were more likely to be coinfected with HBV and HIV than females [26,32]. Sex distribution is important in directing preventive strategies of antiviral prophylaxis among pregnant HIV patients such as administration of Tenofovir to prevent perinatal transmission and HBV vaccination at birth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV and HBV Coinfections in the Highly HIV-infected Population of Rivers State, Nigeria

Cookey

Okonko

Frank-Peterside

2021

AJARR

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Background: In Nigeria, hepatitis co-infection with HIV is linked with an increase in morbidity and mortality. Objective: The goal of this study was to investigate the rate of HIV/HBV coinfection among the highly HIV-infected people in Rivers State, Nigeria. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH), in Rivers State, Nigeria, from February 2017 to September 2019. Methods: A total of 226 HIV-positive people, 105 men and 121 women, were recruited for this study. ELISA was used to screen these participants for the presence of HIV and HBsAg, and this was done following the guidelines stipulated by the manufacturer. The demographic characteristics of the participants were obtained using a questionnaire designed for the study. Results: Seven people tested positive for HIV/HBV, resulting in a 3.1 % overall prevalence. No significant association was found to exist between HIV/HBV coinfection and the characteristics of the study population. Conclusion: A low seroprevalence was observed for HIV/HBV infection, in spite of Nigeria being endemic for HBV. Despite this low rate of HIV/HBV coinfection, routine screening for HBV markers should be carried out to reduce morbidity and mortality in this group.

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“…The prevalence of HIV/HBV co-infection in Nigeria is reported to range between 10% and 70 % (Omatola et al, 2019; Ugwu et al, 2023b). As of 2013, an estimated 13.6% of the Nigerian population had been reported to be chronic carriers of HBsAg (Musa et al, 2015;Akindigh et al, 2019). Consequently, the burden of disease is considered to be high, as evidenced by the high incidence of morbidity and mortality associated with the virus (Lok, 2005;Akindigh et al, 2019).…”

Section: *Cite This Article: Elenwo Mercy Oketah Edith Nnenna Okerent...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Tale of Two Viruses: Seroepidemiological and a Cross-Sectional Insights into HIV/HBV Coinfection in Selected Hospitals in Rivers State, Nigeria

Mercy,

Phillip O.,

Nnenna

et al. 2023

IJCSMR

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Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV), a circular DNA virus with humans serving as the only reservoir, remains a worldwide public health problem. The similarity in transmission routes for HBV and HIV makes co-infection very common. Thus, this study aimed at unveiling the seroepidemiological patterns of HBV coinfections among HIV-infected individuals in some selected hospitals in Rivers State, Nigeria. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 350 HIV-infected individuals attending ART clinics at selected hospitals in Rivers State, Nigeria. Sociodemographic data were collected based on interviewer-based questionnaire, and clinical history was obtained from participants' medical records. Serological analysis for HBsAg was done using ELISA method. Results: Of the 350 HIV-infected patients, 9(2.6%) were positive for HBsAg. The majority of HIV/HBV coinfected participants were in age groups >41 (3.7%), females (2.9%), singles (3.0%), tertiary education holders (3.5%), and business owners (1.1%) as shown in Table 1. Furthermore, immunological and virological markers analysis revealed that HBV seropositivity is more common with patients having CD4 count of 350-499 cells/mm3 (6.2%) and viral loads as target not detected (TND) with 5.4%. Conclusion: This study observed an HIV/HBV coinfection rate of 2.6% which has further confirmed the persistence of HIV/HBV co-infection in Rivers State, Nigeria. Ongoing and persistent public health interventions among the study population are thereby advocated.

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Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus co-infection among HIV-1-positive patients in North-Central Nigeria: The urgent need for surveillance

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women in Nigeria

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women in Nigeria

HIV and HBV Coinfections in the Highly HIV-infected Population of Rivers State, Nigeria

A Tale of Two Viruses: Seroepidemiological and a Cross-Sectional Insights into HIV/HBV Coinfection in Selected Hospitals in Rivers State, Nigeria

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