Seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus infection among volunteer blood donors in Central Brazil

Thalassemia is an inherited hematological disorder characterized by a decrease in the synthesis of or absence of one or more globin chains. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major cause of acute viral hepatitis, constituting a major global health burden and emerging as a critical public health concern. HEV infection is mainly transmitted via the fecal–oral route; however, parenteral transmission through blood components has been reported in both developing and developed countries. Although HEV infection is typically self-limiting, immunocompromised individuals, patients with chronic liver disease, and thalassemic patients are at a heightened risk of contracting the infection and may develop chronic hepatitis and life-threatening complications that require treatment. The reported prevalence rates of HEV in thalassemia patients vary significantly by country. Age, gender, residential area, and the cumulative amount of blood transfusions received have been identified as associated risk factors for HEV infection. In order to enhance blood safety and ensure the protection of vulnerable patient populations, such as thalassemia patients, several countries have introduced universal or targeted HEV screening policies in blood donations. Other preventive measures include vigilant monitoring of thalassemic patients and screening for anti-HEV antibodies. The aim of this review is to explore the prevalence, risk factors, clinical impact and management of HEV infection in patients with thalassemia.

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Hepatitis E Virus Research in Brazil: Looking Back and Forwards

Oliveira

Santos

Pinto

2023

Viruses

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Hepatitis E virus (HEV) has emerged as a public health concern in Brazil. From the first identification and characterization of porcine and human HEV-3 strains in the 2000s, new HEV subtypes have been identified from animal, human, and environmental isolates. As new potential animal reservoirs have emerged, there is a need to compile evidence on the zoonotic dissemination of the virus in animal hosts and the environment. The increasing amount of seroprevalence data on sampled and randomly selected populations must be systematically retrieved, interpreted, and considered under the One Health concept. This review focused on HEV seroprevalence data in distinct animal reservoirs and human populations reported in the last two decades. Furthermore, the expertise with experimental infection models using non-human primates may provide new insights into HEV pathogenesis, prevention, and environmental surveillance.

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Seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus infection among volunteer blood donors in Central Brazil

Cited by 3 publications

References 14 publications

Seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus infection in blood donors from Piauí State, Northeast Brazil

Seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus infection in blood donors from Piauí State, Northeast Brazil

HEV Infection in Beta-Thalassemia Patients

Hepatitis E Virus Research in Brazil: Looking Back and Forwards

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