Seroprevalence of IgG Antibodies Against Multiple Arboviruses in Bats from Cameroon, Guinea, and the Democratic Republic of Congo

Raulino, Raisa; Thaurignac, Guillaume; Keïta, Alpha Kabinet; Esteban, Amandine; Goumou, Souana; Diallo, Ramadan; Ndimbo-Kumugo, Simon-Pierre; Bass, Innocent Ndong; Kingebeni, Placide Mbala; Touré, Abdoulaye; Delaporte, Éric; Ahuka‐Mundeke, Steve; Tamfum, Jean‐Jacques Muyembe; Mpoudi‐Ngolé, Eitel; Peeters, Martine; Ayouba, Ahidjo

doi:10.1089/vbz.2021.0076

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Species identification recorded in the field was molecularly confirmed for the majority of bats that were infected with a coronavirus using the corresponding DBS sample, as in our previous studies on viruses in bats [ 27 , 33 , 34 ]. In addition, at least one sample per sampling date, per capture method and per morphologic description at each site was confirmed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 55%

Coronaviruses Are Abundant and Genetically Diverse in West and Central African Bats, including Viruses Closely Related to Human Coronaviruses

Djomsi¹,

Lacroix

Soumah

et al. 2023

Viruses

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Bats are at the origin of human coronaviruses, either directly or via an intermediate host. We tested swabs from 4597 bats (897 from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), 2191 from Cameroon and 1509 from Guinea) with a broadly reactive PCR in the RdRp region. Coronaviruses were detected in 903 (19.6%) bats and in all species, with more than 25 individuals tested. The highest prevalence was observed in Eidolon helvum (239/733; 39.9%) and Rhinolophus sp. (306/899; 34.1%), followed by Hipposideros sp. (61/291; 20.9%). Frugivorous bats were predominantly infected with beta coronaviruses from the Nobecovirus subgenus (93.8%), in which at least 6 species/genus-specific subclades were observed. In contrast, insectivorous bats were infected with beta-coronaviruses from different subgenera (Nobecovirus (8.5%), Hibecovirus (32.8%), Merbecovirus (0.5%) and Sarbecovirus (57.6%)) and with a high diversity of alpha-coronaviruses. Overall, our study shows a high prevalence and genetic diversity of coronaviruses in bats and illustrates that Rhinolophus bats in Africa are infected at high levels with the Sarbecovirus subgenus, to which SARS-CoV-2 belongs. It is important to characterize in more detail the different coronavirus lineages from bats for their potential to infect human cells, their evolution and to study frequency and modes of contact between humans and bats in Africa.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 55%

Coronaviruses Are Abundant and Genetically Diverse in West and Central African Bats, including Viruses Closely Related to Human Coronaviruses

Djomsi¹,

Lacroix

Soumah

et al. 2023

Viruses

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“…Our objective in this work was to evaluate the prevalence of IgG antibodies to some arboviruses of public health importance in people living with HIV from Madagascar. To that end, we used a multiplex assay previously validated on human and animal samples [30,32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Seroprevalence of IgG Antibodies to Multiple Arboviruses in People Living with HIV (PLWHIV) in Madagascar

Rakotomalala,

Bouillin,

Randriarimanana

et al. 2023

Viruses

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To estimate the prevalence of IgG antibodies against six arboviruses in people living with HIV-1 (PLWHIV) in Madagascar, we tested samples collected between January 2018 and June 2021. We used a Luminex-based serological assay to detect IgG antibodies against antigens from Dengue virus serotypes 1–4 (DENV1–4), Zika virus (ZIKV), West Nile virus (WNV), Usutu virus (USUV), Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), and O’nyong nyong virus (ONNV). Of the 1036 samples tested, IgG antibody prevalence was highest for ONNV (28.4%), CHIKV (26.7%), WNV-NS1 (27.1%), DENV1 (12.4%), USUV (9.9%), and DENV3 (8.9%). ZIKV (4.9%), DENV2 (4.6%), WNV-D3 (5.1%), and DENV4 (1.4%) were lower. These rates varied by province of origin, with the highest rates observed in Toamasina, on the eastern coast (50.5% and 56.8%, for CHIKV and ONNV, respectively). The seroprevalence increased with age for DENV1 and 3 (p = 0.006 and 0.038, respectively) and WNV DIII (p = 0.041). The prevalence of IgG antibodies against any given arborvirus varied over the year and significantly correlated with rainfalls in the different areas (r = 0.61, p = 0.036). Finally, we found a significant correlation between the seroprevalence of antibodies against CHIKV and ONNV and the HIV-1 RNA plasma viral load. Thus, PLWHIV in Madagascar are highly exposed to various arboviruses. Further studies are needed to explain some of our findings.

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“…Five cutoff values were determined for each arbovirus antigen: I) the mean plus three times the standard deviation of the negative controls (i.e. ‘NegCtrl’ ) [18,65]; the change-point analysis, using R package ’changepoint’ (version: 2.2.4), calculated at most one changepoint based on the II) mean (i.e. ‘CHP.m’ ), III) variance (i.e.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To assess the presence of arbovirus antibodies in DBS against a panel of arboviruses, we first developed a multiplex immune assay using Luminex technology [18,65]. Recombinant virus-derived proteins (Table 1) were covalently coupled to carboxyl-functionalized fluorescent magnetic beads (1-3µg/1.25*10^6 beads) (Luminex Corp. MagPlex® Microspheres; Bio-Rad; Temse, Belgium) employing the BioPlex amine coupling kit (Ref.…”

Section: Analysis Set Up and Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antibodies against medically relevant arthropod-borne viruses in the ubiquitous African rodentMastomys natalensis

De Kesel,

Broecke,

Borremans

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Over the past decades, the number of arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus) outbreaks has increased worldwide. Knowledge regarding the sylvatic cycle (i.e., non-human hosts/environment) of arboviruses is limited, particularly in Africa, and the main hosts for virus maintenance are unknown. Previous studies have shown the presence of antibodies against certain arboviruses (i.e., chikungunya-, dengue- and zika virus) in African non-human primates and bats. We hypothesize that small mammals, specifically rodents, may function as amplifying hosts in anthropogenic environments. The detection of RNA of most arboviruses is complicated by the virus's short viremic period within their hosts. An alternative to determine arbovirus hosts is by detecting antibodies, which can persist several months. We developed a high-throughput multiplex immunoassay to detect antibodies against 15 medically relevant arboviruses. We used this assay to assess almost 1,300 blood samples of the multimammate mouse, Mastomysnatalensis from Tanzania. In 24% of the samples, we detected antibodies against at least one of the tested arboviruses, with high seroprevalences of antibodies reacting against dengue virus serotype one (7.6%) and two (8.4%) and chikungunya virus (6%). Seroprevalence was higher in females and increased with age, which could be explained by inherent immunity and behavioral differences between sexes and the increased chance of exposure to an arbovirus with age. We evaluated whether antibodies against multiple arboviruses co-occur more often than randomly and found that this may be true for some members of the Flaviviridae and Togaviridae. In conclusion, the development of an assay against a wide diversity of medically relevant arboviruses enabled the analysis of a large sample collection of one of the most abundant African small mammals. Our findings suggest a role in the transmission of multiple arboviruses by this ubiquitous rodent and provide a solid foundation for future molecular screening to elucidate the role in the arbovirus transmission cycle.

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Seroprevalence of IgG Antibodies Against Multiple Arboviruses in Bats from Cameroon, Guinea, and the Democratic Republic of Congo

Cited by 4 publications

References 35 publications

Coronaviruses Are Abundant and Genetically Diverse in West and Central African Bats, including Viruses Closely Related to Human Coronaviruses

Coronaviruses Are Abundant and Genetically Diverse in West and Central African Bats, including Viruses Closely Related to Human Coronaviruses

High Seroprevalence of IgG Antibodies to Multiple Arboviruses in People Living with HIV (PLWHIV) in Madagascar

Antibodies against medically relevant arthropod-borne viruses in the ubiquitous African rodentMastomys natalensis

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