Seroprevalence of infectious laryngotracheitis disease in backyard chickens in villages of Ada’a district, Oromia, Ethiopia: first report

Roba, Yonas Tolosa; Tadesse, Daniel; Assefa, Zerihun; Tesfaye, Asamnew

doi:10.1007/s11250-020-02334-2

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…On the other hand, our report (59.1%) is higher than that of the findings of Tesfaye et al [ 18 ]; Roba et al [ 19 ]; Owoade et al [ 30 ]; Madsen et al [ 31 ]; Aras et al [ 32 ]; Derksen et al [ 33 ]; Pohjola et al [ 34 ]; Bhuiyan et al [ 35 ]; Langeroudi et al [ 36 ]; Uddin et al [ 37 ]; Wunderwald and Hoop [ 38 ]; Ana et al [ 39 ]; Baksi et al [ 40 ]; and Shittu et al [ 41 ], who reported a prevalence of 19.4% in Central and South Ethiopia, 54.7% in Ada'a district in Oromia region, Ethiopia, 50% in Nigeria, 49% in Maryland, USA, 42.56% in Konya region of Turkey, 46.3% in California, USA, 12% in Finland, 0.4% in selected areas of Bangladesh, 13% in broiler flocks of Iran, 17.33% in Chittagong district of Bangladesh, 28.2% in fancy breed flock of Swiss, 0.194% in Ecuador, 26.77% in India, and 1.2% in North Central Nigeria, respectively. Some other studies have reported a higher seroprevalence than ours: 67.55% in Trinidad and Tobago by Brown et al [ 42 ]; 81.47% and 92.28% in Bangladesh by Rahman et al [ 43 ] and Jahan et al [ 44 ], respectively, and 89.22% in Mae Fah Luang district, Chiang Rai province of Thailand by Chukiatsiri and Pohuang [ 45 ].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 82%

“…On the other hand, our report (59.1%) is higher than that of the findings of Tesfaye et al [18]; Roba et al [19]; Owoade et al [30]; Madsen et al [31]; Aras et al [32]; Derksen et al [33]; Pohjola et al [34]; Bhuiyan et al [35]; Langeroudi et al [45]. Several factors can contribute to the variations observed in terms of seroprevalence of ILTV between our study and others', which include breed of chickens studied, biosecurity status of the flocks, vaccination practices in the different study areas, differences in specificity and sensitivity of tests used, and the management practices in place.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 76%

“…In this study, seroprevalence varied significantly ( p < 0.05) among the different study zones, with the highest seroprevalence recorded in Central Gondar zone (78.1%) followed by West Gojjam (58.6%) and South Gondar zone (40.6%). Similarly, Roba et al [ 19 ] and Bhuiyan et al [ 35 ] reported a significant variation in prevalence of ILTV between the different study areas they considered. Differences in management practices including biosecurity and vaccination could explain the differences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…However, the evident clinical signs on the field suggestive of the disease and the increased demand of the government to commercialize the poultry production have invoked a national need to identify the disease urgently and plan an appropriate intervention. Accordingly, in recent years, Tesfaye et al [ 18 ] and Roba et al [ 19 ] reported serological evidence of ILTV infection in Central and South Ethiopia (19.4%) and Ada'a district in Oromia region (54.7%), respectively. The present study took place in the Amhara region (estimated to have 19 million of chickens) [ 3 ] with the objective of assessing serum anti-ILTV antibodies and the associated risk factors in chickens, and it was the first of its kind in the region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serological Evidence of Infectious Laryngotracheitis Infection and Associated Risk Factors in Chickens in Northwestern Ethiopia

Birhan

Syoum

Ibrahim

et al. 2022

The Scientific World Journal

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Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) is a disease of high economic consequence to the poultry sector. Gallid herpesvirus 1 (GaHV-1), a.k.a infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV), under the genus Iltovirus, and the family Herpesviridae, is the agent responsible for the disease. Despite the clinical signs on the field suggestive of ILT, it has long been considered nonexistent and a disease of no concern in Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2020 to June 2021 in three selected zones of the Amhara region (Central Gondar, South Gondar, and West Gojjam zones), Ethiopia, with the objective of estimating the seroprevalence of ILTV in chickens and identifying and quantifying associated risk factors. A total of 768 serum samples were collected using multistage cluster sampling and assayed for anti-ILTV antibodies using indirect ELISA. A questionnaire survey was used to identify the potential risk factors. Of the 768 samples, 454 (59.1%, 95% CI: 0.56–0.63) tested positive for anti-ILTV antibodies. Mixed-effect logistic regression analysis of potential risk factors showed that local breeds of chicken were less likely to be seropositive than exotic breeds (OR: 0.38, 95% CI: 0.24–0.61). In addition, factors such as using local feed source (OR: 6.53, 95% CI: 1.77–24.04), rearing chickens extensively (OR: 1.97, 95% CI: 0.78–5.02), mixing of different batches of chicken (OR: 14.51, 95% CI: 3.35–62.77), careless disposal of litter (OR: 1.62, 95% CI: 0.49–4.37), lack of house disinfection (OR: 11.05, 95% CI: 4.09–47.95), lack of farm protective footwear and clothing (OR: 20.85, 95% CI: 5.40–80.45), and careless disposal of dead chicken bodies had all been associated with increased seropositivity to ILTV. Therefore, implementation of biosecurity measures is highly recommended to control and prevent the spread of ILTV. Furthermore, molecular confirmation and characterization of the virus from ILT suggestive cases should be considered to justify the use of ILT vaccines.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 82%

“…On the other hand, our report (59.1%) is higher than that of the findings of Tesfaye et al [18]; Roba et al [19]; Owoade et al [30]; Madsen et al [31]; Aras et al [32]; Derksen et al [33]; Pohjola et al [34]; Bhuiyan et al [35]; Langeroudi et al [45]. Several factors can contribute to the variations observed in terms of seroprevalence of ILTV between our study and others', which include breed of chickens studied, biosecurity status of the flocks, vaccination practices in the different study areas, differences in specificity and sensitivity of tests used, and the management practices in place.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serological Evidence of Infectious Laryngotracheitis Infection and Associated Risk Factors in Chickens in Northwestern Ethiopia

Birhan

Syoum

Ibrahim

et al. 2022

The Scientific World Journal

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“…The obtaining of the ILTV wild-type isolate from unvaccinated chickens at backyard farms also demonstrates active circulation of ILT virus among backyard farms and the fact that homestead farms, where veterinary and sanitary requirements are not always met, may play an important role in maintaining the circulation of pathogenic ILT isolates. These results of our studies are in agreement with the data of other researchers from Ethiopia and Iraq (Odisho et al, 2015;Roba et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Molecular and genetic characterization of avian laryngotracheitis virus isolates obtained in Ukraine

et al. 2021

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Aim. To conduct a virological, PCR, PCR-RFLP and sequencing study of infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) isolates obtained from sick and dead chickens at industrial and backyard poultry farms in the eastern region of Ukraine collected over the years 2010–2019 and to establish their pathotype and relationship with internationally occurring strains. Methods. Material for virological studies was collected in the framework of research program of the NSC IEСVM during 2010-2019 in the poultry farms in the North-Eastern region of Ukraine, where the birds with the respiratory clinical signs were found. In total, 28 poultry farms were observed. ILTV isolates were obtained with conventional methods, using 10–12-day-old chicken embryos. A 0,2 ml of 10–20 % suspension of pathological material in PBS was used for inoculation. For in-depth studies, we used 4 isolates of ILTV obtained from sick and dead chickens from industrial and backyard poultry farms in Kharkiv, Luhansk, Donetsk, and Sumy regions from 2010–2019. The identification of ILTV isolates was performed via conventional PCR. The pathotype of ILTV strains was determined using PCR-RFLP (polymerase chain reaction – restriction fragment length polymorphism) analysis. The PCR-RFLP was performed at Royal GD, the Netherlands. The (partial) sequencing of the US8 gene was performed using Sanger sequencing method. The phylogenetic analysis, using sequences of 2 Ukrainian strains (MZ323228, MZ333273) and 17 international gene sequences present in GenBank, was performed using the Maximum Likelihood method. For comparative analysis, sequences of vaccine ILT virus strains were used. Results. Over the years 2010-2019, 7 isolates of ILTV were obtained from sick and dead poultry with typical clinical signs and internal lesions at industrial and backyard farms of the Kharkiv, Donetsk, Luhansk and Sumy regions, and the Autonomous Republic of Crimea. Other avian respiratory viral and bacterial pathogens were not detected. Five isolates were obtained from poultry of industrial holdings where vaccination against ILT is carried out. Using PCR-RFLP analysis of 4 isolates, we found that three of them (Sumy 6-11/19, A 04-12, B 2-10) to belong to vaccine-type ILTV strains and only one, B 59-11strain, belongs to wild-type ILTV. Vaccine-type ILTV strains circulated and possibly still circulate in Ukraine in industrial and backyard poultry farms among both vaccinated and non- vaccinated poultry. An ILTV wild-type strain was obtained from non-vaccinated chickens from a backyard farm, which may indicate an important role of backyard farms in maintaining the circulation of the virus. After partial sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the ILTV US8 gene the two Ukrainian strains studied were placed into two different clusters: The vaccine-type B 2-10 strain, obtained from sick vaccinated chickens from an industrial farm, was close to vaccine-type strains circulating in, China, Italy and the USA. The wild-type B 59-11strain, obtained from sick non-vaccinated backyard chickens, was located in another cluster and closest to a the wild-type B 59-11 ILTV strain from Brazil. Conclusions. In this article we describe for the first time the characterization of vaccine-type and wild-type isolates of ILTV in industrial and backyard poultry farms, proving their relevance for the poultry production in Ukraine. The results obtained show the need and prospects for further monitoring of ILTV circulation in small backyard poultry farms and in industrial poultry farms, especially following the frequent use for vaccination of live attenuated wild-type ILTV strains in Ukraine. Further molecular, phylogenetic and epidemiological characterization of the strains obtained should be performed in the near future to further precise their attributes, epidemiology and origin.

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Seroprevalence of major respiratory diseases of chickens in central Ethiopia in different chicken production systems

Habte¹,

Gerber²,

Ibrahim³

et al. 2022

Poultry Science

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Seroprevalence of infectious laryngotracheitis disease in backyard chickens in villages of Ada’a district, Oromia, Ethiopia: first report

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Serological Evidence of Infectious Laryngotracheitis Infection and Associated Risk Factors in Chickens in Northwestern Ethiopia

Serological Evidence of Infectious Laryngotracheitis Infection and Associated Risk Factors in Chickens in Northwestern Ethiopia

Molecular and genetic characterization of avian laryngotracheitis virus isolates obtained in Ukraine

Seroprevalence of major respiratory diseases of chickens in central Ethiopia in different chicken production systems

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