Seroprevalence of &lt;i&gt;Trypanosoma evansi&lt;/i&gt; Infection in Water Buffaloes from the Mountainous Region of North Vietnam and Effectiveness of Trypanocidal Drug Treatment

Nguyen, Quoc Doanh; Nguyen, Thu-Thuy; Pham, Quang Phuc; Le, Ngoc My; Nguyen, Giang Thanh T.; Inoue, Noboru

doi:10.1292/jvms.12-0533

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The seroprevalence rates observed in all the Thai provinces sampled showed a wide distribution of T. evansi in the country. Estimations were lower than those of three previous studies indicating seroprevalence rates of around 20% [ 2 , 32 , 33 ], as well as those of recent surveys performed in Vietnam [ 34 , 35 ], but they are close to those recently observed in Thai dairy cattle [ 23 ]. Higher values were estimated in the provinces of the North and South compared to the Northeast.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Evaluation of an Indirect-ELISA Test forTrypanosoma evansiInfection (Surra) in Buffaloes and Its Application to a Serological Survey in Thailand

Kocher

Desquesnes

Kamyingkird

et al. 2015

BioMed Research International

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Surra, caused by Trypanosoma evansi, is a neglected disease due to frequent subclinical evolution, especially in bovines in Asia. However, acute and chronic signs are regularly observed, with significant sanitary and economic impacts. In this study, we evaluated and applied an indirect-ELISA test for the detection of anti-T. evansi immunoglobulin G in buffaloes using antibovine conjugate. Based on buffalo reference sera from the Philippines, a two-graph receiver operating characteristics analysis (TG-ROC) was conducted to define an optimal cut-off value; sensitivity and specificity were estimated at 92.5% and 94.2%, respectively. A cross-sectional serological survey was carried out in the major buffalo breeding areas of Thailand; 892 buffaloes from 8 provinces were sampled in North, Northeastern, and Southern Thailand. Seropositive buffaloes were found in all 8 provinces, on 20.3% of farms for an overall prevalence of 12.2% (95% CI 10.2–14.5%). Nearly one-third of the sampled population was exposed to infection. Broader sampling would be necessary but is not possible in the southern half-wild breeding systems. According to our results, buffaloes may constitute a large and robust reservoir for T. evansi, which is a permanent threat to other livestock such as cattle and horses as well as wild animals such as elephants in Southest Asia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Evaluation of an Indirect-ELISA Test forTrypanosoma evansiInfection (Surra) in Buffaloes and Its Application to a Serological Survey in Thailand

Kocher

Desquesnes

Kamyingkird

et al. 2015

BioMed Research International

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“…In East and Southeast Asia, T. evansi mainly affects different breeds of buffaloes, cattle, dogs and horses. Apart from the high prevalence of the disease in these species, many outbreaks associated with abortion and still birth were reported [51–54]. Asia is the first region where cattle disease caused by T. evansi appears to be medically and economically important [50].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic review and meta-analysis on the global distribution, host range, and prevalence of Trypanosoma evansi

et al. 2019

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BackgroundSurra is an animal trypanosomosis, caused by infection with Trypanosoma evansi and leading to severe economic loss due to mortality and morbidity. Compared to tsetse-transmitted animal trypanosomoses, little attention is given to the epidemiology and control of surra. Understanding its epidemiology is a first step in local and global efforts to control the disease. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies on distribution, host ranges and prevalence of T. evansi infection.MethodsFour electronic databases were searched for publications on T. evansi that met our inclusion criteria for the systematic review. Subsets of publications were subjected to meta-analysis for the pooled prevalence of T. evansi in various hosts as determined by multiple detection methods.ResultsA total of 272 references published between 1906–2017 were included. Trypanosoma evansi was reported from 48 countries; largely confined to Africa and Asia with publications on natural T. evansi infections from 77% (n = 48) of countries, contrasting with seven countries in South America, and four in Europe where T. evansi is not endemic but was imported with infected animals. Although surra is a notifiable disease, many countries do not report surra cases to OIE. Trypanosoma evansi was mainly reported from dromedary camels in Africa and the Middle East, water buffaloes, cattle, dogs and horses in East and Southeast Asia. In South America, the acute form of the disease was reported in horses and dogs. Surra was also reported in a wide range of wild animals. Some rare human cases occurred in India and Vietnam. Meta-analysis on a subset of 165 publications indicated pooled prevalence of T. evansi in domestic animals ranging from 14–31%, 6–28% and 2–9% using respectively antibody detection, molecular and parasitological tests, with camels as the most affected, followed by buffalo and cattle.ConclusionsThis study illustrates that T. evansi affects a wide range of domestic and wild animals in Africa, Asia and South America with highest prevalence observed in dromedary camels. For successful control of T. evansi, both locally and globally, the role of wild animals in the epidemiology of surra needs further investigation.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-019-3311-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…The direct methods include isolating and identifying the bacteria in the samples obtained from the suspect animal, such as tissues from aborted fetuses, placenta, vaginal exudates and milk [39,186]. Isolating the agent is the safest diagnostic method and is considered the gold standard for diagnosis.…”

Section: Brucellosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Infectious Diseases in Water Buffalo: An Economic and Public Health Concern

Villanueva¹,

Mingala²,

Tubalinal³

et al. 2018

Emerging Infectious Diseases in Water Buffalo - An Economic and Public Health Concern

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Water buffalo is an indispensable livestock in Asia and other countries due to its high meat and milk quality, aside from draft power source. It adapts well to tropical climate and has significant contribution to the livestock industry, provided with improved breeding and good animal husbandry practices. Infectious diseases are hindrance to good reproductive performance of livestock, resulting in huge economic loss. In addition, most of these diseases are zoonotic, posing serious threats on human health. However, its degree of severity varies in each region and is often overlooked. This chapter reviews the common and current updates on emerging bacterial, viral, protozoal, fungal and endoparasitic pathogens that infect water buffaloes worldwide. All of the diseases directly affect the animals' health condition except for schistosomiasis where water buffalo played an important role as shedder of infection to humans. Leptospirosis, brucellosis, Bovine Tb, BVDV and fasciolosis have projected economic impact to water buffalo industry as well as its effect as zoonoses. However, the data seem underquantified since most are neglected diseases and are highly prevalent in developing countries. Further studies are needed particularly in countries where water buffalo is the major livestock than cattle to fully utilize the potential of the animal.

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Seroprevalence of <i>Trypanosoma evansi</i> Infection in Water Buffaloes from the Mountainous Region of North Vietnam and Effectiveness of Trypanocidal Drug Treatment

Cited by 9 publications

References 12 publications

Evaluation of an Indirect-ELISA Test forTrypanosoma evansiInfection (Surra) in Buffaloes and Its Application to a Serological Survey in Thailand

Evaluation of an Indirect-ELISA Test forTrypanosoma evansiInfection (Surra) in Buffaloes and Its Application to a Serological Survey in Thailand

Systematic review and meta-analysis on the global distribution, host range, and prevalence of Trypanosoma evansi

Emerging Infectious Diseases in Water Buffalo: An Economic and Public Health Concern

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