Seroprevalence of lymphatic filariasis among migrant workers in Peninsular Malaysia

Noordin, Rahmah; Zain, Siti Nursheena Mohd; Yunus, Muhammad Hafiznur; Sahimin, Norhidayu

doi:10.1093/trstmh/trx062

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…16 In a recent seroprevalence study among migrant workers in Malaysia, BLF Rapid was positive in 19.6% workers from India (10/51), 12.6% from Nepal (13/103), and 7.1% from Myanmar (1/14). 7 In conclusion, the present study showed that BLF Rapid test is a highly sensitive and specific test for detection of bancroftian filariasis in areas not endemic for O. volvulus or L. loa. The encouraging evaluation results and the field-applicability make the test a potential diagnostic tool to complement antigen results for TAS-stopping decisions and possibly for post-elimination surveillance.…”

supporting

confidence: 49%

“…PanLF Rapid contains BmR1 and BmSXP test lines and is meant for use in areas with mainly brugian filariasis, but with possible co-occurrence of bancroftian filariasis, such as in Malaysia. 7,8 The concentration and purity of BmSXP used in PanLF Rapid is lower than that used in BLF Rapid. The higher protein concentration in BLF Rapid increases its diagnostic sensitivity, whereas the higher protein purity ensures a high diagnostic specificity.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Laboratory Evaluation of a Rapid IgG4 Antibody Test (BLF Rapid™) for Bancroftian Filariasis

Noordin

Yunus

Robinson

et al. 2018

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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At the end phase of the Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis, antibody testing may have a role in decision-making for bancroftian filariasis-endemic areas. This study evaluated the diagnostic performance of BLF Rapid ™ , a prototype immunochromatographic IgG4-based test using BmSXP recombinant protein, for detection of bancroftian filariasis. The test was evaluated using 258 serum samples, comprising 96 samples tested at Universiti Sains Malaysia (in-house) and 162 samples tested independently at three international laboratories in the USA and India, and two laboratories in Malaysia. The independent testing involved 99 samples from Wuchereria bancrofti microfilaria or antigen positive individuals and 63 samples from people who were healthy or had other infections. The in-house evaluation showed 100% diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. The independent evaluations showed a diagnostic sensitivity of 84-100% and 100% specificity (excluding non-lymphatic filarial infections). BLF Rapid has potential as a surveillance diagnostic tool to make "Transmission Assessment Survey"-stopping decisions and conduct post-elimination surveillance.

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confidence: 49%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory Evaluation of a Rapid IgG4 Antibody Test (BLF Rapid™) for Bancroftian Filariasis

Noordin

Yunus

Robinson

et al. 2018

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Bhd., Selangor, Malaysia), and the panLF (Reszon Diagnostics International Sdn. Bhd., Selangor, Malaysia) tests, based on BmSXP, BmR1, or a combination of both recombinant antigens, respectively [ 21 , 28 , 29 ]. In all, several filarial antigens have been produced as recombinant proteins and assayed for possible use in LF diagnosis.…”

Section: Recombinant Antigensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recombinant antigens used as diagnostic tools for lymphatic filariasis

et al. 2021

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Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a parasitic disease caused by the worms Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, or Brugia timori. It is a tropical and subtropical illness that affects approximately 67 million people worldwide and that still requires better diagnostic tools to prevent its spread and enhance the effectiveness of control procedures. Traditional parasitological tests and diagnostic methods based on whole protein extracts from different worms are known for problems related to sample time collection, sensitivity, and specificity. More recently, new diagnostic tools based on immunological methods using recombinant antigens have been developed. The current review describes the several recombinant antigens used as tools for lymphatic filariasis diagnosis in antigen and antibody capture assays, highlighting their advantages and limitations as well as the main commercial tests developed based on them. The literature chronology is from 1991 to 2021. First, it describes the historical background related to the identification of relevant antigens and the generation of the recombinant polypeptides used for the LF diagnosis, also detailing features specific to each antigen. The subsequent section then discusses the use of those proteins to develop antigen and antibody capture tests to detect LF. So far, studies focusing on antibody capture assays are based on 13 different antigens with at least six commercially available tests, with five proteins further used for the development of antigen capture tests. Five antigens explored in this paper belong to the SXP/RAL-2 family (BmSXP, Bm14, WbSXP-1, Wb14, WbL), and the others are BmShp-1, Bm33, BmR1, BmVAH, WbVAH, BmALT-1, BmALT-2, and Wb123. It is expected that advances in research with these antigens will allow further development of tests combining both sensitivity and specificity with low costs, assisting the Global Program to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (GPELF).

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“…These infectious diseases included, toxoplasmosis (46.2%, working in Malaysia), 24 TB (7%, Saudi Arabia and 11%, Qatar), 14 40 TB meningitis (37.5%, Qatar), 18 diarrhoeal bacterial infection (26.6%, Qatar), 16 protozoan ova/cysts (13.7%), helminths (6.2%) and hookworms (4.3%, Qatar), 12 hepatitis E (74%, Qatar), 17 Brugian Lymphatic Filariasis (BmR1) (2.9%, Malaysia) and parasitic infection (BmSXP) (13%, Malaysia). 26 Moreover, prevalence of salmonella among Nepalese migrant food handlers (3.7% Malaysia), 28 mean knowledge of food cleanliness and hygiene (73.1%, Malaysia) and symptom of foodborne illness (18.4% Malaysia) 30 ( table 1 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health and well-being issues of Nepalese migrant workers in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries and Malaysia: a systematic review

et al. 2020

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ObjectiveTo summarise the evidence on health and well-being of Nepalese migrant workers in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries and Malaysia.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesEMBASE, MEDLINE, Scopus and Global Health databases.Eligibility criteriaStudies were eligible if they: (1) included Nepalese migrant workers aged 18 or older working in the GCC countries or Malaysia or returnee migrant workers from these countries; (2) were primary studies that investigated health and well-being status/issues; and (3) were published in English language before 8 May 2020.Study appraisalAll included studies were critically appraised using Joanna Briggs Institute study specific tools.ResultsA total of 33 studies were eligible for inclusion; 12 studies were conducted in Qatar, 8 in Malaysia, 9 in Nepal, 2 in Saudi Arabia and 1 each in UAE and Kuwait. In majority of the studies, there was a lack of disaggregated data on demographic characteristics of Nepalese migrant workers. Nearly half of the studies (n=16) scored as ‘high’ quality and the rest (n=17) as ‘moderate’ quality. Five key health and well-being related issues were identified in this population: (1) occupational hazards; (2) sexual health; (3) mental health; (4) healthcare access and (5) infectious diseases.ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the most comprehensive review of the health and well-being of Nepalese migrant workers in the GCC countries and Malaysia. This review highlights an urgent need to identify and implement policies and practices across Nepal and destination countries to protect the health and well-being of migrant workers.

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Seroprevalence of lymphatic filariasis among migrant workers in Peninsular Malaysia

Abstract: Malaysia is not endemic for Wuchereria bancrofti, but harbors the vectors for the parasite, thus the results showed that migrant workers should be monitored for this infection.

Cited by 11 publications

References 7 publications

Laboratory Evaluation of a Rapid IgG4 Antibody Test (BLF Rapid™) for Bancroftian Filariasis

Laboratory Evaluation of a Rapid IgG4 Antibody Test (BLF Rapid™) for Bancroftian Filariasis

Recombinant antigens used as diagnostic tools for lymphatic filariasis

Health and well-being issues of Nepalese migrant workers in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries and Malaysia: a systematic review

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