Seroprevalence of Mycoplasma bovis in bulk milk samples in Irish dairy herds and risk factors associated with herd seropositive status

McAloon, Catherine I.; McAloon, Conor G.; Tratalos, Jamie A.; O’Grady, Luke; McGrath, Guy; Guelbenzu-Gonzalo, Maria; Graham, D. A.; O’Keeffe, Kate; Barrett, Damien; More, Simon J.

doi:10.3168/jds.2021-21334

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…However, serology, just like the culture technique, is laboratory-based and demands trained staff. During this review process, five serological techniques were encountered, and these include, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) [ 43 , 78 ], immunohistochemistry (IHC) [ 113 ], the direct fluorescent antibody technique (DFAT) [ 114 ], an immunobinding test (IBT) [ 115 ], sodium dodecyl-sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE,) and immunoblotting [ 83 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of the Recent Techniques Commonly Used in the Diagnosis of Mycoplasma bovis in Dairy Cattle

Okella,

Tonooka,

Okello

2023

Pathogens

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Early detection of Mycoplasmal mastitis is greatly hampered by late seroconversion, slow growth of Mycoplasma organisms, intermittent shedding, and the high cost of diagnostic tests. To improve future diagnostic development, examining the available techniques is necessary. Accordingly, the present study systematically reviewed M. bovis diagnostic studies published between January 2000 and April 2023 utilizing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) protocol. The protocol registration was performed according to the Open Science Framework (osf.io/ug79h), and the electronic search was conducted in the World Catalog, Mendeley, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, Semantic Scholar, PubMed, Google Scholar, Prime Scholar, and PubMed Central databases using a Boolean operator and inclusion and exclusion criteria. Of the 1194 pieces of literature retrieved, 67 studies were included. Four broad categories of up to 16 diagnostic approaches were reported: microbial culture, serological, DNA-based, and mass spectrometry. Overall, DNA-based techniques were the most published (48.0%), with recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) as the most promising user-friendly, equipment-free techniques. On the other hand, mass spectrometry was reported as the least utilized (2.9%) given the high equipment cost. Though costly and laboratory-allied, DNA-based techniques, particularly PCRs, were reported as the most rapid and specific approach.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of the Recent Techniques Commonly Used in the Diagnosis of Mycoplasma bovis in Dairy Cattle

Okella,

Tonooka,

Okello

2023

Pathogens

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“…In conclusion, the benefit from a single determination of antibodies in BTM to assess the M. bovis herd status is questionable, as for the moment it does not provide information on the active infectious state of the herd. None of the antibody ELISA tests are perfect, and other studies showed the possibility of antibody negative BTM samples, while PCR on BTM or among samples from calves were positive [ 6 , 12 , 20 ]. Therefore, BTM may be useful for initial screening/monitoring of M. bovis , but additional testing (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic performance of Mycoplasmopsis bovis antibody ELISA tests on bulk tank milk from dairy herds

Bokma,

Kaske,

Vermijlen

et al. 2024

BMC Vet Res

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Background Testing of bulk tank milk (BTM) for Mycoplasmopsis bovis (previously Mycoplasma bovis) antibodies is increasingly popular. However the performance of some commercially available tests is unknown, and cutoff values possibly need to be adjusted in light of the purpose. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic performance of three commercially available M. bovis antibody ELISAs on BTM, and to explore optimal cutoff values for screening purposes. A prospective diagnostic test accuracy study was performed on 156 BTM samples from Belgian and Swiss dairy farms using Bayesian Latent Class Analysis. Samples were initially classified using manufacturer cutoff values, followed by generated values. Results Following the manufacturer’s guidelines, sensitivity of 91.4%, 25.6%, 69.2%, and specificity of 67.2%, 96.8%, 85.8% were observed for ID-screen, Bio K432, and Bio K302, respectively. Optimization of cutoffs resulted in a sensitivity of 89.0%, 82.0%, and 85.5%, and a specificity of 83.4%, 75.1%, 77.2%, respectively. Conclusions The ID-screen showed the highest diagnostic performance after optimization of cutoff values, and could be useful for screening. Both Bio-X tests may be of value for diagnostic or confirmation purposes due to their high specificity.

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“…Unlike culture and PCR, ELISA detects the anti- M. bovis antibodies in the host serum or milk from past or recent infections as a result of humoral immune responses. ELISA has widely been used on bulk tank milk samples to detect anti- M. bovis antibodies in the milk for diagnostic, prevalence, and retrospective studies ( 85 , 88 , 110 , 111 ). A MilA ELISA with a specificity and sensitivity as high as 94.2 and 96.6%, respectively, has been used to estimate M. bovis mastitis prevalence from bulk tank milk samples ( 112 ).…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Mycoplasma Bovismentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycoplasma bovis mastitis in dairy cattle

Gelgie,

Desai,

Gelalcha

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Mycoplasma bovis has recently been identified increasingly in dairy cows causing huge economic losses to the dairy industry. M. bovis is a causative agent for mastitis, pneumonia, endometritis, endocarditis, arthritis, otitis media, and many other clinical symptoms in cattle. However, some infected cows are asymptomatic or may not shed the pathogen for weeks to years. This characteristic of M. bovis, along with the lack of adequate testing and identification methods in many parts of the world until recently, has allowed the M. bovis to be largely undetected despite its increased prevalence in dairy farms. Due to growing levels of antimicrobial resistance among wild-type M. bovis isolates and lack of cell walls in mycoplasmas that enable them to be intrinsically resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics that are widely used in dairy farms, there is no effective treatment for M. bovis mastitis. Similarly, there is no commercially available effective vaccine for M. bovis mastitis. The major constraint to developing effective intervention tools is limited knowledge of the virulence factors and mechanisms of the pathogenesis of M. bovis mastitis. There is lack of quick and reliable diagnostic methods with high specificity and sensitivity for M. bovis. This review is a summary of the current state of knowledge of the virulence factors, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and control of M. bovis mastitis in dairy cows.

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Seroprevalence of Mycoplasma bovis in bulk milk samples in Irish dairy herds and risk factors associated with herd seropositive status

Cited by 9 publications

References 33 publications

A Systematic Review of the Recent Techniques Commonly Used in the Diagnosis of Mycoplasma bovis in Dairy Cattle

A Systematic Review of the Recent Techniques Commonly Used in the Diagnosis of Mycoplasma bovis in Dairy Cattle

Diagnostic performance of Mycoplasmopsis bovis antibody ELISA tests on bulk tank milk from dairy herds

Mycoplasma bovis mastitis in dairy cattle

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