Seroprevalence of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii IgG and IgM antibodies among buffaloes and cattle from Menoufia Province, Egypt

Serosurvey and associated risk factors for Neospora caninum infection in Egyptian water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)

“…A cross-sectional study was performed during September 2020 to August 2021 to determine the prevalence of antibodies against N. caninum in water buffaloes in the four studied governorates. Using Epi Info™ 7, a representative sample size of 450 buffaloes was determined with a 95% confidence interval, a 5% statistical error, and a 42.8% expected seroprevalence for N. caninum 16 . A total of 450 water buffaloes of various ages and both sexes www.nature.com/scientificreports/ were chosen at simple random technique from individual animal raised by individual farmers.…”

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conducted to investigate the risk factors for N. caninum infection in water buffaloes. The age of buffaloes and the presence of dogs on the property are considered as risk factors for incidence of neosporosis 14,15 .In Egypt, N. caninum have been reported in various animal species, the seroprevalence rates were ranged between 6.97% to 42.8% in water buffaloes 16 , 12.21% to 20.43% in cattle [16][17][18] , 79.7% in sheep 19 , 93.4% in goats 19 and 10.9% in camels 3 . Controlling of neosporosis requires the identification of risk factors for the presence of antibodies to N. caninum, particularly in the absence of efficient immunoprophylactic or treatment regimens since potential risk factors may change between geographical locations.

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