Seroprevalence of some bovine viral respiratory diseases among non vaccinated cattle in Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Aim: Four viral pathogens, bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), and bovine herpes virus type 1 (BHV-1), bovine parainfluenza type 3 virus (PI-3V), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) are mainly associated with bovine respiratory diseases that cause major economic losses in the dairy cattle industry. This study aimed to document exposure of cattle in Saudi Arabia to infectious BVDV, BHV-1, PI-3V and BRSV viruses in non vaccinated cattle in order to obtain epidemiological and immunological information. Materials and Methods: In the present study, 460 random serum samples obtained from non vaccinated cattle in five districts (Riyadh, Eastern Province, Jizan, Najran, Asir) of Saudi Arabia between January to March 2011. These samples were tested for presence of antibodies against BVDV, BHV-1, BRSV and PIV-3 by commercial indirect ELISA kits. Results: Our findings displayed that Seropositivity rates were 26 % for BVD, 17.4 % for BHV-1, 69.1 % for PI-3V and 75.6 % for BRSV in the sampled population. In addition, coinfections with more than one virus were considerably common among non-vaccinated dairy cattle. Conclusion: These results indicate that exposure to these agents is common within the study areas. Preventive and control measures against these infectious agents should therefore be adopted. [Vet World 2013; 6(1.000): 1-4

Seroprevalence and molecular detection of Bovine Parainfluenza-3 Virus (BPI-3V)

“…Our result of direct ELISA test revealed high rate infection 30.23% that was indicate most cattle have been exposed to PI-3 infection and detection of the PI-3 virus in serum indicate that the disease was in viremic stage. These results were not in accordance with studies for detection of antibodies against PI-3 in Iran and Saudi Arabia by using indirect ELISA test that showed the seroprevalance of PIV-3 were 100% and 69.1%, respectively (18,19) and this may be due to presence of antibody against BPI-3 caused by previous infection and using of vaccine that may cause seroconversion for particular periods which may took months or years. High infection rate of PIV-3 recorded in this study is in agreement with the ubiquitous nature of the virus and with its worldwide distribution (20), may be because of no vaccines are used against this virus locally, and lack of control measures against this infection.…”

Seroprevalence and risk factors of bovine respiratory syncytial virus in cattle in the Nineveh Governorate, Iraq

“…In this study, the overall prevalence of BRSV in the Nineveh Governorate was 83.11%; higher or lower prevalence was recorded in other countries. In Turkey, Saudi Arabia, Iran, and Norway, the reported prevalence rates were 34-96.64% [14,15], 75.5% [16,17], 51.1-100% [18,19], and 54% [20], respectively. High variation in the prevalence estimates among cattle from different countries may be due to several factors such as differences in the disease management, laboratory methods, geographical region, and disease control programs.…”

Effects of surgical castration, immunocastration and homeopathy on the performance, carcass characteristics and behaviour of feedlot-finished crossbred bulls

“…However, this was not observed in this study because the performance of the immunocastrated animals was similar to that of the non-castrated animals and superior to that of the castrated animals, most likely due to the increase in the serum testosterone concentration of the immunocastrated animals during the 85 days of confinement. The increase in serum testosterone concentration indicates that the vaccine was incapable of maintaining low testosterone levels in these animals during the experimental period, most likely due to a decrease in the production of anti-GnRH antibodies by some immunosuppressor effect, as cited by Yousef et al (2013).…”