Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Blood Donors in Makkah Al Mukarramah

Mohamed, Khalil; Zamzami, Hassan; Deqnah, Narjes; Almalki, Abdullah M; Alzayer, S.; Al-Gethamy, M.; Al-Pakistani, H.; Alharbi, Waheeb

doi:10.3923/aje.2019.25.31

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Consistent with the literature, this study showed that blood donors had the infection in the past, which may be occurred at a younger age [ 19 - 21 ]. It is well known that a hallmark of toxoplasmosis is that the parasite persists for months to years or even a lifetime in tissues.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Toxoplasmosis Immunity Status of Blood Donors in Sidi Bel Abbès, West Algeria

Belkacemi¹,

Heddi²

2022

Cureus

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BackgroundToxoplasmosis is a zoonotic disease. It is due to an obligate intracellular protozoan called Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii). Felids are considered definitive hosts, and humans take part as intermediate hosts. At least onethird of the world's population is seropositive to the parasite. In addition, to the known modes of transmission, the infection can be transmitted through blood transfusions. The aim of this study is to assess the immune status of blood donors about this disease and estimate the potential risk by blood components. MethodologyA single cross-sectional study was conducted based on the search for T. gondii antibodies (IgG and IgM) in blood donors. This research was performed using a latex particle agglutination assay confirmed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). ResultsIn all, 103 blood donors were involved in this study. The sex ratio of male/ female was 0.75. The recorded rate of exposure to toxoplasmosis in blood donors was 47.7% (95% CI: 35.1-54.3). Significant differences were observed between the prevalence and those of other African countries in West, East, and Central Africa, but not with those of Algerian pregnant women and neighboring North African countries. There was no association between T. gondii seropositivity and the following factors: sex, age, and blood group ABO or Rhesus. Antitoxoplasma IgG was detectable in all positive donors, while IgM was undetectable. All seropositive donors had an IgG titer ≥9 IU/ml. The potential risk of T. gondii transmission ranges from 1 per 100,000 to 17 per 100,000 blood donations. ConclusionThe seroprevalence of T. gondii infection was comparable to those found in Algerian pregnant women and neighboring North African countries. However, the seroprevalence rate was lower than recorded in other African countries. There is even a risk of transmission of toxoplasmosis through blood transfusions. There is a need to enhance blood safety measures for pregnant, immunocompromised, and multi-transfused people. As the immune status of blood donors may vary by region, there is a need to extend the national studies to the entire country. This study provides the first data on the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection among Algerian blood donors and the risk of its transmission by transfusion of blood components.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Toxoplasmosis Immunity Status of Blood Donors in Sidi Bel Abbès, West Algeria

Belkacemi¹,

Heddi²

2022

Cureus

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“…Di Perancis prevalensi infeksi toksoplasmosis dihubungkan dengan kebiasaan makan daging mentah atau setengah matang. Sebanyak 19,5% darah pendonor di Kota Makkah al Mukaramah diketahui terinfeksi toksoplasmosis kronis (5). Di Asia Tenggara sendiri penyakit ini menginfeksi sekitar 4% hingga 75%, seperti di Laos (6%), Malaysia (7%), Thailand (11-15%), Vietnam (16%), dan Indonesia (17-20%) populasi masyarakat (6).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

“…Penularan melalui kongenital berarti parasit Toxoplasma gondii masuk melalui plasenta yang dipindahkan dari ibu yang menular kepada bayi yang sedang dikandungnya (13). Sedangkan akuitas atau dapatan bisa terjadi melalui beberapa cara seperti ingesti atau oral dengan makan daging mentah atau kurang matang yang mengandung ookista Toxoplasma gondii, tertelanya ookista Toxoplasma gondii yang berasal dari tinja kucing bersama buah atau sayuran yang terkontaminasi (14), melalui luka terbuka serta transplantasi organ atau jaringan yang terinfeksi Toxoplasma gondii (5,15).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Chronic Toxoplasmosis Infection in Members of Cat Breeding Organization in Surabaya

Marthalia

2020

JKL

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Intoduction: The cat breeder every day began by feeding, bathing, cutting the nails and cleaning the cage. This activity presented a health risk for breeders to be infected with the parasite Toxoplasma gondii. This study aims to analyze the incidence of chronic toxoplasmosis infection in cat breeders in Surabaya. Method: This type of research was observational with a cross-sectional study design. A total of 19 respondents involved in this study came from members of the cat breeder organization. Sampling using a simple random sampling method. Respondent information data in the form of cat hygiene, cage sanitation, and personal hygiene were collected through an interview and observation process. Meanwhile, to find out toxoplasmosis infection, a blood sample serology test was performed at the Clinical Laboratory. Data were analyzed with qualitative descriptive methods to see a picture of each variable with a toxoplasmosis infection. Result and Discussion: Serological test results showed that the prevalence of toxoplasmosis infection was 58%. Chronic toxoplasmosis infection of 62% occurred in owners with poor hygiene of drums and 91% occurred in owners with poor personal hygiene. Conclusion: As a preventive measure against the risk of infection, breeders of cats need to always maintain the sanitation of the cage, such as frequent cleaning of the cage, cat feces and cleaning the floor around the cage so that infective oocysts do not multiply around the cage area. Also, must use personal protective equipment and wash your hands after contact with cats.

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The Most Common Causes of Transfusion-Transmitted Diseases among Blood Donors in the Middle Eastern States

Hakami

2021

JPRI

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The need for blood is essential, but there is no timely access to safe blood for millions of individuals who need a transfusion. Additionally, blood transfusions can also be the fastest and simplest form of checking for the existence of transfusion-transmitted diseases to the recipients. Blood safety concerns are an issue of great concern in Middle Eastern Countries in which the inaccessibility or provision of unsafe blood has an adverse effect on morbidity and mortality in the region. Additionally, many organizations and safety procedures of blood transfusion in this region need to be updated. Articles containing the key phrases Middle Eastern Countries, Blood, blood donor, blood transfusion, transfusion safety, transfusion-transmitted infections, and transfusion guidelines published from 2003 to 2020 in MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Therefore, to determine the most prevalent causes of transfusion-transmitted disease among blood donors in the Middle East countries, this literature review was intended for research. Based on the data gathered were potentially related to HBsAg and HCV prevalence in blood donors from most of the middle eastern countries. While no positive cases of either HIV Ag-Ab or syphilis antibodies have been recorded especially among the blood donated from Egypt and Saudi Arabia. Based on recent studies findings, WHO, and the Food and Drug administration transfusion transmission of SARS-CoV-2 to recipients did not occur via blood transfusion. So that, In Middle Eastern countries, transfusion-transmitted infection remains a formidable problem. A similarly wide constellation of economic and operational challenges in the area parallels the diverse array of pathogens; this calls for a systemic solution that, as proposed by the WHO, involves regulatory, structural, and training initiatives.

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Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Blood Donors in Makkah Al Mukarramah

Cited by 3 publications

References 29 publications

Toxoplasmosis Immunity Status of Blood Donors in Sidi Bel Abbès, West Algeria

Toxoplasmosis Immunity Status of Blood Donors in Sidi Bel Abbès, West Algeria

Chronic Toxoplasmosis Infection in Members of Cat Breeding Organization in Surabaya

The Most Common Causes of Transfusion-Transmitted Diseases among Blood Donors in the Middle Eastern States

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