Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma IgG Antibodies in H IV Positive Patients in and Around Khammam, Telangana State

Anuradha, Basavaraju; Preethi, Chilupuri

doi:10.7860/jcdr/2014/9211.4880

Cited by 14 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Therefore, it is imperative to detect Toxoplasma seropositivity status in all HIV-infected patients to evaluation the risk for cerebral toxoplasmosis. The result of serology test in the present study is in accordance with the study of Anuradha and Preethi who observed seroprevalence of 34.78% among HIV-positive patients (28). However, there is no agreement with the studies reported by Spalding…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Molecular and Serological Evaluation of Toxoplasmosis in AIDS Cases in Southwest Iran

Shafieenia

Saki

Khademvatan

et al. 2018

Jundishapur J Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Toxoplasma gondii has developed as an important opportunistic agent; recent acquired or reactivation of the parasite infection is a serious complication in HIV patients. Since the serological diagnosis may be unreliable in immunodeficient patients who fail to produce considerable titers of antibodies, molecular techniques are also required to detect toxoplasmosis in HIV patients. Objectives: This study was aimed to compare nested PCR assay with serological technique for diagnosis and their capability in determining the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in AIDS cases from southwest Iran. Methods: ELISA and PCR targeting B1 gene were used to analyze blood samples from 379 HIV-positive patients in Khuzestan province, southwest Iran. The amplicons were visualized and sequenced. Results: Out of 379 serum samples, 131 (34.56%) and 11 (2.90%) were positive regarding anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies, respectively. Of these, 12 samples were IgG + IgM +. Nested PCR results showed that 64 out of 379 (16.88%) of the samples had DNA molecules of the B1 gene. Of these, 63 seropositive samples and only one seronegative specimen were positive by the molecular method. DNA sequencing confirmed these results. In IgG avidity test, 43 (32.82%) and 88 (67.17%) had antibodies indicating the acute and chronic phase, respectively. All 43 samples, with low avidity (100%) and 9 samples of 88 samples with high avidity (10.9%), were positive by molecular method. Conclusions: This study showed a high prevalence of acute and chronic toxoplasmosis in HIV-positive patients and the findings suggested using IgG-avidity test in a condition where PCR testing is impossible, particularly to distinguish recently acquired infection from past infection.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Molecular and Serological Evaluation of Toxoplasmosis in AIDS Cases in Southwest Iran

Shafieenia

Saki

Khademvatan

et al. 2018

Jundishapur J Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In India, one study by Anuradha and Preethi, observed seroprevalence of 34.78% among HIV-positive patients. [ 36 ] In one study by Sucilathangam et al . observed 15% of Toxoplasma seropositivity in HIV-positive people.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 45 ] In one study, conducted by Anuradha and Preethi showed the seropositivity in HIV patients was 34.78% with 28.95% in males and 38.89% in females and the most common age group affected was 31–40 years. [ 36 ] In one study by Meisheri et al . showed that highest prevalence at third and fourth decade of life.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxoplasmosis in HIV infection: An overview

Anuradha

2016

Trop Parasitol

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite presenting as a zoonotic infection distributed worldwide. In HIV-positive individuals, it causes severe opportunistic infections, which is of major public health concern as it results in physical and psychological disabilities. In healthy immunocompetent individuals, it causes asymptomatic chronic persistent infections, but in immunosuppressed patients, there is reactivation of the parasite if the CD4 counts fall below 200 cells/μl. The seroprevalence rates are variable in different geographic areas. The tissue cyst or oocyst is the infective form which enters by ingestion of contaminated meat and transform into tachyzoites and disseminate into blood stream. In immunocompetent persons due to cell-mediated immunity the parasite is transformed into tissue cyst resulting in life long chronic infection. In HIV-infected people opportunistic infection by T. gondii occurs due to depletion of CD4 cells, decreased production of cytokines and interferon gamma and impaired cytotoxic T-lymphocyte activity resulting in reactivation of latent infection. The diagnosis can be done by clinical, serological, radiological, histological or molecular methods, or by the combination of these. There is various treatment regimen including acute treatment, maintenance therapy should be given as the current anti T. gondii therapy cannot eradicate tissue cysts. In HIV patients, CD4 counts <100; cotrimoxazole, alternately dapsone + pyrimethamine can be given for 6 months. Hence, early diagnosis of T. gondii antibodies is important in all HIV-positive individuals to prevent complications of cerebral toxoplasmosis.

show abstract

“…In the present meta-analysis, we included 16 studies which present T. gondii seroprevalence in HIV/AIDS population and which also have subgroups with low and high CD4 counts according to threshold of 200 cells/mm 3 (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27). The major finding of this meta-analysis was that the seroprevalence of T. gondii was higher in AIDS/HIV patients with CD4 counts below 200 cells/mm 3 compared with those higher.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Difference in <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> Seroprevalence Rates Due to Low and High CD4 Counts in Patients with HIV/AIDS

Yeni̇lmez

Çeti̇nkaya

2019

Turkiye Parazitol Derg

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Amaç: İnsan bağışıklık yetmezliği virüsü (HIV)/Edinilmiş bağışıklık yetmezliği sendromu (AIDS) hastalarında semptomatik toxoplazmoz, hemen hemen her zaman kronik enfeksiyonun yeniden aktivasyonu sonucu meydana gelmektedir. Bu hastalarda Toxoplazma serolojisinin taranmasının ana hastalığın takibindeki önemi büyüktür. Bu meta-analizde, HIV-pozitif popülasyondaki Toxoplasma gondii seroprevalans oranlarının düşük (CD4 <200 hücre/mm 3) ve yüksek (CD4 ≥200 hücre/mm 3) CD4 sayılarına sahip hastalarda farklılık gösterip göstermediğini araştırmayı amaçladık.

show abstract

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma IgG Antibodies in H IV Positive Patients in and Around Khammam, Telangana State

Cited by 14 publications

References 8 publications

Molecular and Serological Evaluation of Toxoplasmosis in AIDS Cases in Southwest Iran

Molecular and Serological Evaluation of Toxoplasmosis in AIDS Cases in Southwest Iran

Toxoplasmosis in HIV infection: An overview

Difference in <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> Seroprevalence Rates Due to Low and High CD4 Counts in Patients with HIV/AIDS

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About