Seroprevalence of West Nile Virus in Wild Birds in Far Eastern Russia Using a Focus Reduction Neutralization Test

Murata, Ryo; Hashiguchi, Kazuaki; Yoshii, Kentaro; Kariwa, Hiroaki; Nakajima, Kensuke; Иванов, Л. И.; Леонова, Г Н; Takashima, Ikuo

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2011.09-0714

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It has been figured whether the infected serum is same as the immunized serum or not. In previous reports, JEVinfected and WNV-infected chickens did not cross-react in a neutralizing test [12]. This finding corresponds with our data in the PRNT.…”

Section: Hemagglutination Inhibition Testsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…To perform serological surveillance of WNV in a JEV endemic area, it is important to understand the degree of cross-reaction of anti-JEV and anti-WNV sera in serological diagnoses. The specificity of a neutralization test using JEV-and WNV-infected chicken sera had been reported previously [12]. But, the cross-reactions of anti-JEV serum and anti-WNV serum in the HI and IgG-ELISA in chicken still remain unknown.…”

mentioning

confidence: 87%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Cross-Reactivity of Chicken Anti-Japanese Encephalitis Virus Serum and Anti-West Nile Virus Serum in Serological Diagnosis

Hirota

Shimizu

Shibahara

et al. 2012

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT. The cross-reactivity of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV)-immunized chicken sera and West Nile virus (WNV)-immunized chicken sera in serological tests, such as the IgG indirect ELISA (IgG-ELISA), hemagglutination inhibition test (HI) and plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT), for JEV and WNV were examined. The mean JEV/WNV ELISA ratio in IgG-ELISA of JEV-immunized sera was significantly higher than that of WNV-immunized sera (P<0.01). JEV-immunized chicken sera did not cross-react in the WNV HI. However, all the WNV-immunized chicken sera cross-reacted in the JEV HI. JEV-immunized chicken sera did not show the WNV neutralization titer at 90% plaque reduction, and WNV-immunized chicken sera did not showed the JEV neutralization titer at 90% plaque reduction. Therefore, it is possible that chicken JEV serum can be distinguished from WNV serum by comparing the titers of IgG-ELISA, HI or PRNT respectively. KEY WORDS: chicken, cross-reaction, diagnosis, Japanese encephalitis virus, West Nile virus.doi: 10.1292/jvms.12-0087; J. Vet. Med. Sci. 74(11): 1497-1499, 2012 West Nile virus (WNV) and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) are RNA-enveloped viruses of the genus Flavivirus, family Flaviviridae, in the JEV serocomplex group [10]. Birds are known to play an important role in amplification of JEV [3] and WNV [10]. In particular, birds are infected more frequently and earlier with WNV than humans and horses. Therefore, chickens are used as sentinel animals for WNV surveillance, and serological diagnoses are used to check for WNV infection in chicken sentinel surveillance. However, cross-reactions in serological diagnoses frequently occur in heterologous flavivirus-infected animal sera. Generally, IgG indirect ELISA (IgG-ELISA) and the hemagglutination inhibition test (HI) are known to show cross-reaction in heterologous flavivirus-infected sera [1]. Cross-neutralization of hyperimmunized mouse ascitic fluids or rabbit sera against heterologous-flaviviruses has been reported [4,6]. JEV-vaccinated sera from horses showed cross-reactivity in WNV serological tests such as the IgG-ELISA, HI and plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) [8]. In birds, cross-reaction in the HI has been reported in herons experimentally infected with Murray Valley encephalitis and Kunjin virus [2]. Cross-neutralization between St. Louis encephalitis virus-infected and WNV-infected house finches has been reported [7]. These cross-reactions complicate the serological surveillance of flavivirus. Chickens are known to be infected with both JEV [11,15] and WNV [9]. To perform serological surveillance of WNV in a JEV endemic area, it is important to understand the degree of cross-reaction of anti-JEV and anti-WNV sera in serological diagnoses. The specificity of a neutralization test using JEV-and WNV-infected chicken sera had been reported previously [12]. But, the cross-reactions of anti-JEV serum and anti-WNV serum in the HI and IgG-ELISA in chicken still remain unknown. In this paper, we compared the crossreactions of chicken ant...

show abstract

Section: Hemagglutination Inhibition Testsupporting

confidence: 93%

mentioning

confidence: 87%

Cross-Reactivity of Chicken Anti-Japanese Encephalitis Virus Serum and Anti-West Nile Virus Serum in Serological Diagnosis

Hirota

Shimizu

Shibahara

et al. 2012

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The exposure to WNV was determined using a WNV IgG based competitive ELISA. The gold standard to confirm the presence of the WNV antibody was achieved by the neutralization test [ 23 ], however, it was not performed in this study due to the unavailability of the high containment biosafety facility required for the test. To rule out the cross reactivity with other Flavivirus species, a specific JEV based ELISA was included in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to Zoonotic West Nile Virus in Long-Tailed Macaques and Bats in Peninsular Malaysia

Ain-Najwa

Yasmin

Arshad

et al. 2020

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The role of wildlife such as wild birds, macaques, and bats in the spreading and maintenance of deadly zoonotic pathogens in nature have been well documented in many parts of the world. One such pathogen is the mosquitoes borne virus, namely the West Nile Virus (WNV). Previous research has shown that 1:7 and 1:6 Malaysian wild birds are WNV antibody and RNA positive, respectively, and bats in North America may not be susceptible to the WNV infection. This study was conducted to determine the status of WNV in Malaysian macaques and bats found in mangrove forests and caves, respectively. Archive sera and oropharyngeal swabs from long-tailed macaques were subjected to the antibody detection using WNV competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA) and WNV RNA using RT-PCR, respectively, while the archive oropharyngeal and rectal swabs from bats were subjected to RT-PCR without serological analysis due to the unavailability of serum samples. The analysis revealed a WNV seropositivity of 29.63% (24/81) and none of the macaques were positive for WNV RNA. Meanwhile, 12.2% (5/41) of the bats from Pteropodidae, Emballonuridae, and Rhinolophidae families tested positive for WNV RNA. Here, we show a high WNV antibody prevalence in macaques and a moderate WNV RNA in various Malaysian bat species, suggesting that WNV circulates through Malaysian wild animals and Malaysian bat species may be susceptible to the WNV infection.

show abstract

“…In addition to this, rapid micro-neutralization test (MNT) is also developed to detect neutralizing antibodies to JEV virus in the CSF of the Japanese encephalitis patients [ 4 ]. It also helps to establish single virus infection in patients [ 9 ]. It is performed by using maximum dilution of antibody which can confirm 90% reduction in viral infectivity after virus neutralization [ 10 ].…”

Section: Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers in Japanese Encephalitis: A Review

Upadhyay

2013

BioMed Research International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

JE is a flavivirus generated dreadful CNS disease which causes high mortality in various pediatric groups. JE disease is currently diagnosed by measuring the level of viral antigens and virus neutralization IgM antibodies in blood serum and CSF by ELISA. However, it is not possible to measure various disease-identifying molecules, structural and molecular changes occurred in tissues, and cells by using such routine methods. However, few important biomarkers such as cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, neuro-imaging, brain mapping, immunotyping, expression of nonstructural viral proteins, systematic mRNA profiling, DNA and protein microarrays, active caspase-3 activity, reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species, levels of stress-associated signaling molecules, and proinflammatory cytokines could be used to confirm the disease at an earlier stage. These biomarkers may also help to diagnose mutant based environment specific alterations in JEV genotypes causing high pathogenesis and have immense future applications in diagnostics. There is an utmost need for the development of new more authentic, appropriate, and reliable physiological, immunological, biochemical, biophysical, molecular, and therapeutic biomarkers to confirm the disease well in time to start the clinical aid to the patients. Hence, the present review aims to discuss new emerging biomarkers that could facilitate more authentic and fast diagnosis of JE disease and its related disorders in the future.

show abstract

Seroprevalence of West Nile Virus in Wild Birds in Far Eastern Russia Using a Focus Reduction Neutralization Test

Cited by 19 publications

References 24 publications

Cross-Reactivity of Chicken Anti-Japanese Encephalitis Virus Serum and Anti-West Nile Virus Serum in Serological Diagnosis

Cross-Reactivity of Chicken Anti-Japanese Encephalitis Virus Serum and Anti-West Nile Virus Serum in Serological Diagnosis

Exposure to Zoonotic West Nile Virus in Long-Tailed Macaques and Bats in Peninsular Malaysia

Biomarkers in Japanese Encephalitis: A Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About