Seroprevalence rates and awareness of hepatitis B and C viral infections among pregnant antenatal women attending the state specialist hospital Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria

Osho, Patrick Olanrewaju; Osho, Evelyn Salewa; Oluwole, Matthew Temitope; Fasipe, Olumuyiwa John; Koledoye, Victor Olusesan; Oni, Oluwatosin Idowu; Akinbodewa, Akinwumi Ayodeji

doi:10.4103/mjdrdypu.mjdrdypu_162_18

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“…of 26, 548. Seventeen of the 20 studies (85%) were facility-based cross-sectional studies [41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57], two studies were retrospective chart reviews [58,59], and one was a community-based cross-sectional study [60]. Half of the studies were conducted in the Northern region (North Central = 5; North East = 2; and North West = 3) [41-44, 46, 52, 54, 56, 57, 60] and the remaining 50% were conducted in the Southern region (South East = 1 and South West = 9) [45, 47-50, 53, 55, 58, 59].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

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A systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women in Nigeria

Olakunde

Adeyinka

Olakunde³

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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Background Nigeria has a high burden of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, commonly acquired through vertical transmission. However, there is a lack of an efficient surveillance system for monitoring and understanding the epidemiology of HBV among pregnant women. Building on a previous review on the prevalence of HBV in Nigeria (2000–2013), we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of HBV prevalence among pregnant women in Nigeria. Methods Four electronic databases PubMed, Embase, Global Health, and Scopus were systematically searched from January 2014 to February 2021. We also searched the African Journal Online and manually scanned the reference lists of the identified studies for potentially eligible articles. Observational studies that reported the prevalence of HBsAg and/or HBeAg among pregnant women in peer-reviewed journals were included in the study. We performed a meta-analysis using a random-effects model. We defined HBV infection as a positive test to HBsAg. Results From the 158 studies identified, 20 studies with a total sample size of 26, 548 were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of HBV infection among pregnant women across the studies was 6.49% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.75–8.46%; I2 = 96.7%, p = 0.001; n = 20). The prevalence of HBV was significantly lower among pregnant women with at least secondary education compared with those with no education or primary education (prevalence ratio = 0.7, 95% CI = 0.58–0.87; n = 10). However, the prevalence of HBV was not significantly different by age, religion, marital status, or tribe. The prevalence of HBV was not significantly different among pregnant women with previous surgery, blood transfusion, multiple lifetime sex partners, tribal marks, tattoos, scarification, or sexually transmitted infections, compared with those without these risk factors. From a total sample size of 128 (n = 7), the pooled prevalence of HBeAg among HBV-infected pregnant women was 14.59% (95% CI = 4.58–27.99%; I2 = 65.5%, p = 0.01). Subgroup analyses of HBV infection by study region and screening method, and meta-regression analysis of the study year, sample size, and quality rating were not statistically significant. Conclusions There is an intermediate endemicity of HBV infection among pregnant women in Nigeria. Interventions, such as routine antenatal HBV screening, antiviral prophylaxis for eligible pregnant women, and infant HBV vaccination should be scaled up for the prevention of perinatal transmission of HBV infection in Nigeria.

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Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

“…HBsAg status was reported in all of the 20 studies, however, only seven studies [41,42,50,[52][53][54][55] reported both HBsAg and HBeAg status. HBsAg test was performed with a rapid diagnostic test (RDT) in eight studies [44,46,47,49,54,57,59, 60], while…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women in Nigeria

Olakunde

Adeyinka

Olakunde³

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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Hepatitis B virus infection in Nigeria: a systematic review and meta-analysis of data published between 2010 and 2019

et al. 2021

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Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an infectious disease of global significance, causing a significant health burden in Africa due to complications associated with infection, such as cirrhosis and liver cancer. In Nigeria, which is considered a high prevalence country, estimates of HBV cases are inconsistent, and therefore additional clarity is required to manage HBV-associated public health challenges. Methods A systematic review of the literature (via PubMed, Advanced Google Scholar, African Index Medicus) was conducted to retrieve primary studies published between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2019, with a random-effects model based on proportions used to estimate the population-based prevalence of HBV in the Nigerian population. Results The final analyses included 47 studies with 21,702 participants that revealed a pooled prevalence of 9.5%. A prevalence estimate above 8% in a population is classified as high. Sub-group analyses revealed the highest HBV prevalence in rural settings (10.7%). The North West region had the highest prevalence (12.1%) among Nigeria’s six geopolitical zones/regions. The estimate of total variation between studies indicated substantial heterogeneity. These variations could be explained by setting and geographical region. The statistical test for Egger’s regression showed no evidence of publication bias (p = 0.879). Conclusions We present an up-to-date review on the prevalence of HBV in Nigeria, which will provide critical data to optimise and assess the impact of current prevention and control strategies, including disease surveillance and diagnoses, vaccination policies and management for those infected.

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Seroprevalence rates and awareness of hepatitis B and C viral infections among pregnant antenatal women attending the state specialist hospital Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria

Cited by 2 publications

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A systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women in Nigeria

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women in Nigeria

Hepatitis B virus infection in Nigeria: a systematic review and meta-analysis of data published between 2010 and 2019

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